PNG UPDATE- 2019‘development & diversity’
KENNETH K. TAME, MASTER OF ECONOMIC & PUBLIC POLICY (MEPP) RESEARCH STUDENT,
SCHOOL OF BUSINESS & PUBLIC POLICY, UPNG.DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM, P.O. Box 1993, Port Moresby, NCD.Mobile: (675 )72901216; email:[email protected] UPNG, Port Moresby; Thursday, August 8, 2019.
PNG UPDATE-2019TOPIC: RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS IN PNG: INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
PRESENTER:Kenneth K. Tame
UPNG- MEPP
DATE: August 8, 2019
A: INTRODUCTION Topic, Objectives & Policy framework overview
Background/Nature/Significance/Rationale
B: CONTENT Methods
Literature & Theoretical Application
Findings & Discussions
C: CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION & DELIMITATIOND: BIBLIOGRAPHY
OUTLINE
A: Introduction..Topic, policy framework & Objectives
Topic “RENEWABLE ENERGY
DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS IN PNG: INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE”
ObjectivesThe objectives are to identify: (i). Institutional Constraints
Towards RE Resources Development in PNG
(ii).Relevant Implementation Actors And Their Level Of Interaction That Limit/Success RE Policy Implementation Process in PNG.
…..introduction cont’dExisting RE Policies: examples
Strategic Policies & targets
Vision 2050: 100% power generation from RE sources by 2050
PNG Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030: provide 70% households with electricity by 2030
UN SDG 7: “ Ensuring Access to Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable and Modern Energy for All”.
Enabling Policy framework PNG Electricity Industry Policy
(Launched @ 2011)
PNG National Electrification Roll-Out Plan (NEROP)
National Energy Policy: 2018-2028????
….. introduction cont’d
Nature & ApplicationBackground
Conventional- Fossil Energy: (Coal, petroleum & Natural gas 80% share globally, finite, scarce, non-renewable, emits GHG & CO₂, (Enzary, 2017)
Renewable Energy: (hydro, solar, geothermal, wind,
biomass, ocean current, etc) Naturally replenishable, abundance & environmentally
friendly Application-on/off-grid electricity/lighting, heating &
cooling, irrigation, water pumps, etc
13% Energy/electricity penetration rate since 1975 (APEC, 2017)
78% of population lack access to electricity (Pakop, 2017).
RE-main electricity source in PNG Feasible environment for RE
development (APEC, 2017) Primary energy source- imported
fossil fuels (APEC, 2017)
76
18 6 Imported conventionalhydrocarbon fuels
Indigeneous Energy(hydro, solar &geothermal)
Natural gas
….. introduction cont’d
RATIONALERE SIGNIFICANCE
Energy regarded public good
Slow Energy policies implementation process
Energy demand /consumption exceeds supply
Central enabler to Economic, social and Environmental Prosperity (Ahuja & Tatsutani, 2017)
Sustainable (our children’s children)
Covers wider geographical locations – suitable for developing economies
abundance@ PNG Feasible environment
B: CONTENTMethods
Qualitative/Descriptive approach 10 sample size thru purposive
sampling of implementing agencies personal interviews/semi structured Analysed for common themes –
perception, knowledge, information and attitudes re- RE development in PNG.
Literature Theoretical frameworks Top-down approach - Analyse Policy implementation -interaction of set
policy goals and action by actors based on National gov’t (central actor) decision(Paudel, 2009).
• Actor Network Theory (ANT)- analyse actions of actors in implementation process
• Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT)- analyse level of cooperation & interaction (motivation, cognition & resource /power).
Published empirical knowledge-RE- socioeconomic & climate change problems-Energy consumption increase due to economic growth & population increase- RE abundance & feasible for development @ PNG (
Barbarinde & Renagi, 2018)- - Mitigates energy security challenges
…. Content cont’dFindings & Discussions
3 major themes emerged from the analysis of 10 interview transcripts are:1. Weak institutional arrangement Less HR & funding capacity - No R
& D, No field data for decision making.
2. RE sector lacks regulatory & legal framework frameworks Regulation affects implementation
process (Osok, 2010). Guide &govern implementation process & provide investor & consumer confidence
economic & technical regulation eg. tariff setting, licensing, dispute settlement & production, transmission, distribution & retailing aspects
3. Lack of inter-institutional linkages
Energy crosscuts all sectors Eg. Transport, land use, Forestry,
Health, Education, Communication & information, etc
Linkages between relevant gov’t agencies, development partners & business houses , share information & improve communication, l & cooperation.
C: CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION/DELIMITATION
Delimitation
Conclusion
Recommendation
Funding & Time constraints ( exclude
Consumers & other gov’t levels) Validity (no re-interview)
PNG rich in RE resources BUT untapped RE promote social, economic & environmental wellbeing suitable for rural populace (on-grid/off-grid) RE central to ALL UN SDGs (eg. Gender
equality) Gov’t policy intervention required with
continuous support
Some interviewees mentioned that setting up of standalone ministry necessary
Establish legal and regulatory framework (investor & consumer confidence)
Remove monopoly in power/electricity production, transmission, distribution & retailing (public/private partnership)
D: Bibliography
References attached.
Thank you 1 & Thank you all!
Ahuja, D., & Tatsutani, M. (2018). Sustainable energy for Developing Countries. Surveys and Perspectives Integrating Environment and Society Surveys and Perspectives, 2(1), 1-16. APEC. (2017). Peer Review on Low Carbon Energy Policies in Papua New Guinea. (APEC Energy Working Group Final Report). Tokyo, Japan: Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre.Balajtyova, M. (2016). What barriers are standing in the way of implementation of renewable energy sources in the EU member states? (Master thesis, Aalborg University, Denmark). Banks, G. & Scheyvens, R. (2014). Ethical Issues. In R. Scheyvens (Ed.), Development Field: a practical guide (2nd
ed., pp.160-187). United Kingdom: Sage.Cañete, M. A. (2016, (n.d.)). Renewable Energy: Catalyst for a clean energy transition. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/environment/renewable-energy-catalyst-clean-energy-transition.htm Cerna, L. (2013). The Nature of Policy Change and Implementation: A review of Different Theoretical Approaches. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and D l t