POISONSPOISONS

Petra DoušováPetra Doušová

Petra PalíkováPetra Palíková

What is a poison?What is a poison?

poisons are substances that can cause injury, illness or death to poisons are substances that can cause injury, illness or death to organism, usually by chemical reaction or other activity on the organism, usually by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scalemolecular scale

they can be guled, inhaled, soaked up through skin or eyethey can be guled, inhaled, soaked up through skin or eye poisoning was used as a method of assassination, murder, poisoning was used as a method of assassination, murder,

suicide and executionsuicide and execution

The best known poisonsThe best known poisons

strychninestrychninehemlock hemlock belladonna belladonna digitalisdigitalis

StrychnineStrychnine

Strychnine is a complicated steroid alkaloid, Strychnine is a complicated steroid alkaloid, which is a common occurrence in the stockes plantswhich is a common occurrence in the stockes plants it is one of the most bitter substancesit is one of the most bitter substances it is a typical it is a typical spasticspastic poison poison It can be proved in the dead body a long time after deathIt can be proved in the dead body a long time after death strychnine intoxication has two stagesstrychnine intoxication has two stages - in the first stage sense become very active- in the first stage sense become very active - second stage is a - second stage is a spasticspastic attack, which attack, which

takes takes from one to two minutes from one to two minutes

PozitivePozitive raticide raticide For support of appetite For support of appetite treat muscular slackness treat muscular slackness for support of breathing for support of breathing

and blood circulation and blood circulation For stimulation of For stimulation of

respiration at intoxication respiration at intoxication hemlock hemlock

It iacts as an antitoxin at It iacts as an antitoxin at intoxication by hypnotic intoxication by hypnotic drug (barbiturate) drug (barbiturate)

..

HemlockHemlock

It is virulent plantIt is virulent plant During withering and tabescentingDuring withering and tabescenting stinks mousy smellstinks mousy smell All plants include alkaloids: conine, n-methyl-conine, All plants include alkaloids: conine, n-methyl-conine,

conhydrine, pseudoconhydrine,conicein and many conhydrine, pseudoconhydrine,conicein and many others others

hemlock was one of poisonshemlock was one of poisons which had been used at which had been used at executions executions

hemlock was evidently part of poisons, which caused hemlock was evidently part of poisons, which caused the death of Sokrates the death of Sokrates

The most toxic and effective item of strychine is conineThe most toxic and effective item of strychine is conine

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hemlock was used in hemlock was used in medicine and medicine and medicable medicable ((calmative, analgetic calmative, analgetic or spasmolyticum)or spasmolyticum)

belladonnabelladonna

Is one of the most poisonous plants in the Central Europe

All parts of the plant are toxic, because of high concentration of tropanic alkaloids

Man can intoxicate by consummation of berries or over goat's milk or goat’s meat, if goats eat this plant. Lethal dose are 3 berries(for small children)and about 10 berries (for adult)

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atropine drops for eye medicine

digitalisdigitalis

Toxic plantToxic plant You can make a tea from this herb, but it

may be a little bit dangerous, because you must know the amount of the leaves exactly.Only one leaf in addition can cause disorders of sight and heart rythm or death finally.

preparation of infusions and tinctures

chemically clean glucoside are isolated for preparation of medicaments

it cures heart condition and depression

Poisoners and oblationsPoisoners and oblations

Poison has been a powerful „arm“ from Poison has been a powerful „arm“ from antiquity to nowantiquity to now

It was used by women and also menIt was used by women and also men The most popular poison was belladonna, The most popular poison was belladonna,

because it was easy accessiblebecause it was easy accessible The oblations were emperor Augustus and emperor The oblations were emperor Augustus and emperor

KlaudiusKlaudius The noted poisoners: pope Alexander VIThe noted poisoners: pope Alexander VI

Lucrecia BorgiaLucrecia Borgia Katerina MedicejskaKaterina Medicejska

In this time we can refer to the prezident In this time we can refer to the prezident JuščenkoJuščenko

vocabularyvocabulary

Injury-zraněníInjury-zranění Scale- měřítkoScale- měřítko Distinguished- významnýDistinguished- významný Venom-poison-jedVenom-poison-jed Assassination-atentátAssassination-atentát Suicide- sebevraždaSuicide- sebevražda Target- určitý, daný , cílenýTarget- určitý, daný , cílený Regarded- považovánRegarded- považován Belladonna rulíkBelladonna rulík Hemlock-bolehlavHemlock-bolehlav Digitalis- náprstníkDigitalis- náprstník

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