A high level conference was organized by Institute of Development management where from our university Ar. Gaurav Agarwal attended and expressed views on RIGHT OF PEDESTRIANS, in the wake of recent death of a senior bureaucrat on road. It was attended by many dignitaries at Govt. & Private level.
2. Structure Why Mobility Urban Regional Modes Why walk
Problems Solutions Case studies
3. Why mobility Mobility + transport : socio-political issue in
todays world. A prerequisite for economic success, social
prosperity, and general satisfaction of all actors in society.
Sustainable mobility is the need of hour The dynamic development of
traffic - especially in regard to the growth of automobile traffic,
the increasing tendency of travelling ever greater distances, and
demographic change - poses an enormous scientific and technical
challenge. Different related national research programmes for
achieving the objective should be co-ordinated with one another.
http://www.transport-research.info/web/programmes/programme_details.cfm?ID=3496
4. MODES COMMUTER RAIL METRO RAIL LIGHT RAILRegion Regiona
Regional Regiona Regional Regionalal l Town l Town TownTown Town
Town CBD CBD CBD Peri-urban Peri-urban Peri-urban Area Sub-urban
Area Area Sub-urban Area Sub-urban Area Area Regional Regional
Regional Regional Town Region Region Town Town Town a a Town Town
TRAM BRTS MONO RAIL Region RegionalRegional Regiona Regional al
TownTown l Town Town Town CBD CBD CBD Peri-urban Peri-urban
Peri-urban Area Area Air Area Sub-urban Sub-urban Port Sub-urban
Area Area Area Region Regional al Town Town
5. Walking is the most fundamental form of transportation
Walkability takes into account the quality of pedestrian
facilities,roadway conditions, land use patterns, community
support, security and comfort for walking. Land Use Setting Street
Design Community Sidewalks Accessibility Crosswalks Location of
Destinations Roadway Conditions Quality of Connections Widths
Traffic Volumes Traffic Speeds Site Design Accessible Pedestrian
Pathways Signals Building Access ways Related Facilities
6. Pedestrian Pedestrians can generally be defined as persons
walking or jogging, persons using wheelchairs or mobility aids,
people walking their dogs, people with childrens strollers, in-line
skaters, and skateboarders.
7. Benefits of WalkingSocial Environmental Economic1. Improved
health 1. Decreased 1. Lower health care2. Universal greenhouse gas
costs mobility: walking emissions 2. Increased is available to all
compared to employee people, driving productivity due to regardless
of 2. Decreased physical activity income, mobility, energy and
overall ability, age or consumption wellness gender compared to 3.
Increased3. Energized driving attraction of new communities: 3.
More efficient use residents, small walking supports of land
businesses and and encourages tourism the growth of 4. Reduced
personal services within transportation short distances, cost
fosters interaction
8. Sustainable transport According to Daniel Bongardt, March
2011, a more sustainable transportation system is one that: Social
dimension: Allows the basic access and development needs of people
to be met safely and promotes equity within and between successive
generations. Economic dimension: Is affordable within the limits
imposed by internalization of external costs, operates fairly and
efficiently, and fosters a balanced regional development.
Environmental dimension: Limits emissions of air pollution and GHGs
as well as waste and minimizes the impact on the use of land and
the generation of noise. Degree of participation: Is designed in a
participatory process, which
9. Pedestrians basic transportationneedsSpace to travel Design
envelope Flow behavior Sidewalk zones Pedestrian facility
width
10. Pedestrians basic transportationneedsConnectivity and
convenience
11. Pedestrians basic transportationneedsRoutes free of
obstructions
12. Pedestrians basic transportationneedsRoutes free of
obstructions Comfort 1. Space for pedestrians must provide
barrier-free comfort for travelling and waiting. 2. Comfort is
affected by physical obstructions, 3. The pedestrians separation
from traffic, shade (in summer), sunlight (in winter), route
illumination, and informal eyes on the street provided by
round-the- clock pedestrian activity and 4. Urban design that
focuses on windows,
13. Pedestrians basic transportation needsCharacter and a
feeling of security and safety Safety should be inherent to the
design of pedestrian facilities: for example, 1. by providing
smooth surfaces; 2. pedestrian ramps; 3. clearly marked pedestrian
crossings; 4. signal timing, devices and operation for the
convenience of pedestrians; and 5. illumination onto pedestrian
routes and crossings. Security concerns for pedestrians include the
risk of injury caused by another person. 1. To mitigate security
concerns, the principles of Crime Prevention through Environmental
Design
14. Policy interventions1. Pedestrian environment2. Missing
links in new development3. Rehabilitation and repair - existing
system4. Policy compliance/retrofit/upgrade5. Missing links and
system completion6. Use paths (social trails)7. Sidewalk
maintenance8. Pedestrian street crossings9. Education and
Enforcement.
15. Pedestrian environment Encouraging walking; Using a
landscaped area to provide a buffer zone Encouraging street vendors
and sidewalk cafes; Using colored and textured material to indicate
pedestrian facilities and crossings Integrating street art
Providing adequate lighting; Providing public spaces Making other
transportation-related
16. Side walk improvement The zone system divides the sidewalk
corridor into four zones to ensure that pedestrians have a
sufficient amount of clear space to travel. Zone Min. Width Curb 6
in. Planter/Furniture/Utility 24 in., 48 in. if planted Pedestrian
Access Route 60 in. Frontage 30 in. Total Sidewalk Corridor 10 ft.
12 ft.
17. Pedestrian crossing At wide intersections, pedestrian
access can be enhanced through a variety of features.
18. Streets which could bepedestrian Commercial Play
Institutional Heritage Old areas/ developments Uncontrolled high
traffic volume / pollution levels
19. Commercial street should be: Area with concentration of
unique and independently owned (or managed) retail outlets and
restaurants Short, walkable distances between stores and
restaurants High volume of pedestrian, transit, and cycling
visitors Existing destination street, which draws visitors from
around the city Easily accessible by transit Supportive and
cohesive merchant community
20. Commercial street can be appreciated byfollowing
activities: Encourage interaction between merchants and the street
with sidewalk tables and displays Good marketing Get people into
the street by planning for programming (tables/chairs, performers,
etc.) Collaborate! Work together with local merchants to brainstorm
ideas for the street and arrange programming Aim for good weather
people shop and stroll when weather is warm but not too warm; plan
your events around months with favorable conditions.
21. Walking trips in Metropolitan Cities Share of walk trips in
bigger cities (More than 10 million population) is quite
substantial. Mumbai 52%, Ahmedabad cycling and Walking 54%, Chennai
27%. In Delhi, capital of India, 40% roads do not have footpaths23
CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
22. Profile of Walkers Walking is the mode for the poor Mode of
disrepute Pedestrians come from unauthorized colonies, slum
clusters and low-income areas They even cannot afford public
transport fares Mostly laborers, students, housewives etc.24
CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
23. 25
24. Crossing FacilitiesApril, 2008 Study on Pedestrian Safety
at Urban Intersections in Delhi revealed No pedestrian signal Very
few pedestrian refuge islands Zebra crossings missing Lack of
subways or poor design Inadequate crossing time CENTRAL ROAD
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
25. Available Pedestrian Facilities At 30% surveyed four arm
intersections and 40% T- intersections, encroachment was there Only
at 10% four arm intersections and 21% T- intersections, pedestrian
Refuge Islands were available. So very few pedestrian crossing
facilities are available.
26. Availability and Width of side walks Intersection Side Walk
Side Walk width Type Availability (%age) (%age) < 0.9m 0.9 to
1.8 to > 1.8m 2.7m 2.7m Four-Arms 86 11 22 39 28 T- 67 8 33 42
17 Intersections
27. Opinion of Pedestrians SAFE SOMEWHAT SAFE ROAD TOO WIDE TO
CROSS TRAFFIC SIGNAL TIME INADEQUATE UNSAFE VERY UNSAFE PARKED
VEHICLES CYCLISTS DO NOT STOP AT RED SIGNAL, WASTING TIME TO CROSS
17%41% 27% 16% 32% 26% 6% 35% FIG. 8.5.1 REASONS FOR INADEQUACY OF
FIG.8.1.1 HOW SAFE TO CROSS TIME TO CROSS THE INTERSECTION