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POLITICAL INSTABILITY & CORRUPTION

IN

PAKISTAN

GROUP MEMBERS

S.ALI HAIDER ZAIDI

ROHAN SHAFIQUE

TALIB AHMED

SHOAIB AHMED

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POLITICAL INSTABILITY

POLITICAL INSTABILITY IS USED TO DESCRIBE POLITICAL DISORDER OR DISTURBANCE WITHIN A CERTAIN COUNTRY.

POLITICAL INSTABILITY IS DESCRIBED AS LOSS OF CONTROL OF A COUNTRIES TERRITORY, INABILITY TO PROVIDE PUBLIC SERVICE AND LOSS OF SINCERE AUTHORITY.

POLITICAL INSTABILITY HINDERS ECONOMIC GROWTH WITHIN A COUNTRY.

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POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN PAKISTAN

• SYSTEM OF CONFLICTS SINCE INDEPENDENCE

• AMERICAN INFLUENCE

• ROLE OF OPPOSITION

• ROLE OF MEDIA

• BUREAUCRACY’S ROLE IN BRINGING DEMOCRACY TO ITS KNEES

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SYSTEM OF CONFLICTS SINCE INDEPENDENCE

• 11 DISSOLVED ASSEMBLIES

• 3 MARTIAL LAWS

• MAKING, AMENDING AND ABOLISHING 3 CONSTITUTIONS

• FREQUENT LFOS AND ORDINANCES.

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AMERICAN INFLUENCE

• SECURITY THREAT

• ECONOMIC NEED AND POLITICAL INCOMPETENCY HAVE ALWAYS MADE PAKISTAN SUBSERVIENT TO US- WHICH SUPPORTED THE DICTATORS

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ROLE OF OPPOSITION• WORKED FOR PERSONAL INTERESTS INSTEAD OF NATIONAL INTEREST

ROLE OF MEDIA• THE CIVILIAN AND MILITARY DICTATORS CONTROLLED MEDIA WHICH

DISHONORED PEOPLE’S VOICE, PROMOTED EVERY TYPE OF CORRUPTION, KEPT THE PEOPLE IGNORANT AND THE JUDGES WEAK

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BUREAUCRACY’S ROLE IN BRINGING DEMOCRACY TO ITS KNEES

THE FOUNDER OF PAKISTAN QUAID-I-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH SAID ON 25TH MARCH 1948 IN HIS ADDRESS TO THE CIVIL SERVICE OFFICERS AT

CHITTAGONG:-

“I KNOW YOU ARE SADDLED WITH THE OLD LEGACY, OLD MENTALITY, OLD PSYCHOLOGY. MAKE THE PEOPLE FEEL THAT YOU

ARE THEIR SERVANTS AND FRIENDS, MAINTAIN THE HIGHEST STANDARD OF HONOR, INTEGRITY, JUSTICE AND FAIR PLAY.”

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FACTORS BEHIND TERRIBLE WEAKNESSES:SUPERIOR JUDICIARY TO COMPROMISE ITS INDEPENDENCE BY INVOKING THE DOCTRINE OF NECESSITY COMPOUNDED THE SITUATION.

PERSONALIZATION OF POLITICS:

• THE MILITARY IS MORE POWERFUL AND RESOURCEFUL THAN ALL OTHER CIVILIAN INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANS OF THE STATE PUT TOGETHER. 

• THIS ENABLES THE MILITARY TO CONTROL CIVILIAN INSTITUTIONS, POLITICAL PROCESSES AND DEMOCRACY EITHER DIRECTLY OR FROM BEHIND THE CURTAIN. 

• WHEN ONE INSTITUTION OF THE STATE RETAINS SUCH UNBRIDLED POWER, IT BECOMES EXTREMELY TEMPTING FOR OTHER POLITICAL FORCES TO SEEK ITS ASSISTANCE IN ACQUIRING POLITICAL OFFICE OR DISLODGING OTHERS FROM POLITICAL OFFICE.

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EFFECTIVE MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN THE SYSTEM• TO CREATE PHYSICAL ASSET BY EDUCATING THE MASSES, PROPER

ALLOCATING THE LAND, CREDIT, ZAKAT AND USHER ENSURING COST EFFECTIVE PROVISIONS OF BASIC NEEDS. IMPROVED EFFICIENCY IN THE PUBLIC AND CORPORATE SECTORS TO PROVIDE RULE OF LAW.

• INDEPENDENCE OF JUDICIARY WILL STRENGTHEN DEMOCRACY, RESTORE TRUST BETWEEN CENTER AND PROVINCES, AND FACILITATE QUICK DISPENSATION OF JUSTICE. 

• DEPOLITICIZING OF PUBLIC DEPARTMENTS TO AVOID UNJUST POLITICAL PRESSURES.

• PEACE INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE BORDERS WILL PROVIDE SUFFICIENT RESOURCES, SKILLS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO FOCUS ON THE NATIONAL PROSPERITY. 

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• PATRIOT INTELLECTUALS WRITING TO BRING HARMONY. 

• ACCOUNTABILITY AT ALL LEVELS. AUTONOMY TO THE PROVINCES. AWAKENING OF ISLAMIC IDEOLOGY. 

• IT BECOMES THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE EDUCATED MIDDLE CLASS AND THE CIVIL SOCIETY TO PROTECT. 

• ALL POLITICIANS MUST BE ON BOARD AS PAKISTAN STEERS ITSELF TOWARDS GENUINE DEMOCRACY AND AWAY FROM TERRORISM AND VIOLENCE THAT HAS BEGUN TO TAKE ROOTS IN SOCIETY.

• THERE IS AN URGENT NEED FOR BETTER NETWORKING AND COORDINATION AMONG VARIOUS SECTIONS OF SOCIETY SUCH AS LAWYERS, JOURNALISTS, HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVIST AND STUDENTS. 

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• UNLESS THE PAKISTANI STATE CRAFT IS CONDUCTED WITHIN CONSTITUTIONAL PARAMETERS, PAKISTAN WILL REMAIN VULNERABLE TO EXTERNAL THREATS.

• TO CREATE A MODERATE SYSTEM OF VALUES THAT ACCOMMODATES DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW, NOT JUST RELIGIOUS BUT ALSO ETHNIC LINGUISTIC AND REGIONAL. 

• IT MUST DEVELOP STRATEGY FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, AND REDUCTION OF INTERPERSONAL AND INTERREGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIES. IT MUST ALLOW THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSTITUTIONS THAT WOULD WORK INDEPENDENTLY OF THOSE WHO CONTROL POLITICS.

• THE JUDICIARY AND THE ELECTION COMMISSION ARE THE TWO MOST IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONAL DEVICES THAT NEED TO BE FREE OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE. BUT INSTITUTIONS SUCH AS THE SECP AND THE STATE BANK ALSO NEED TO BE SET FREE.

• MEDIA WILL ITS MAGICAL POWER CAN UNITE THE WARRING FACTIONS BY MINIMIZING THE DIFFERENCES THROUGH OPEN DEBATES. 

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CORRUPTION IN PAKISTAN

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CORRUPTIONTHE NATIONAL ANTI CORRUPTION STRATEGY (NACS) HAS DEFINED CORRUPTION AS:

“A BEHAVIOR ON THE PART OF OFFICE HOLDERS IN THE PUBLIC OR PRIVATE SECTOR WHEREBY THEY IMPROPERLY AND UNLAWFULLY ENRICH THEMSELVES AND/OR THOSE CLOSE TO THEM, OR CONVINCE OTHERS TO DO SO, BY MISUSING THE POSITION IN WHICH THEY ARE PLACED.” 

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CORRUPTION DURING BRITISH RULE

• INHERITED FEUDAL SYSTEM GIVEN BY BRITISH

• DESERVING PEOPLE WERE ALSO NOT GETTING THEIR RESPECTIVE POSITION

• INCREASING THE BURDEN OF TAXES FOR THE QUEEN ON THE FACE OF FAMINE AND HUNGER

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Overview of the index of perception of corruption, 2013.

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OVERVIEW

• THE MISUSE OF OFFICE FOR PRIVATE GAINS

• CORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEX (CPI) IS 2.4\IO

• 44% PAY BRIBE

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MOST EFFECTED SECTORS

• POLICE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

• JUDICIARY AND LEGAL PROFESSION

• POWER SECTOR

• TAX AND CUSTOMS

• HEALTH AND EDUCATION

• LAND ADMINISTRATION

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POLICE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

• PREVALENT CORRUPTION

• APPOINTMENTS OF POLICE

• WHO BENEFITS?

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JUDICIARY

• LACK OF PUBLIC CONFIDENCE

• POOR CONTROLS OF THE BODIES PAKISTAN BAR COUNCIL

• 44% PAY BRIBE TO COURT OFFICIAL

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POWER SECTOR

• MOST CORRUPT ACCOUNT SYSTEM

• INADEQUATE PAYMENTS TO COMPANIES

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TAX AND CUSTOMS • COLLUSION BETWEEN TAX COLLECTOR AND COSTUMER

• DISTURBED REVENUE

• 50% REDUCTION, TAX TO GDP RATIO INCREASE TO 2 TO 4%

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HEALTH AND EDUCATION

• CORRUPTION THE ROOT CAUSE FOR PUBLIC SERVICES

• 12,737 NON-FUNCTIONAL SCHOOLS

• LOW ATTENDANCE OF BOTH

• FEUDAL AREAS SCHOOLS TURNED TO COW FARM,

MACHINERY PLACE ETC.

CONTINUED

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HEALTH AND EDUCATION

• EXPANSIVE MBBS DOCTORS

• QUACK HEALTH PROVIDERS PLAYING WITH LIVES

• PUBLICALLY EMPLOYED DOCTORS PRACTICING PRIVATELY... ILLEGAL

• DOCTORS MAKING COSTUMERS IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS

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LAND ADMINISTRATION

• MOST CORRUPT SECTOR

• 133 OUT OF 1724 WENT FOR CORRUPTION

• LAND MAFIA VERY ACTIVE

• PATWARI AND TEHSILDARS

• FEUDAL HOLD

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HOW TO OVERCOME CORRUPTION

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HOW TO OVERCOME CORRUPTION

• WE OURSELVES ARE SELFISH

• FOR INDIVIDUAL THINK ABOUT FINAL DAY !!!

• STOP GOING FOR IMMEDIATE SOLUTIONS

• AWARENESS IN PUBLIC

• KILLING CORRUPTION AT THE CUTTING EDGE . . .

• SHAPING O MINES TROUGH EDUCATION

• MEDIA AND RELIGIOUS SCHOLARS

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THANKS