Politics the Home Front

8/9/2019 Politics the Home Front

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Lincoln’s War Politics

• military arrests of civilians

• suspended habeas corpus (speedy trial)

“are all laws but one to go uneecuted! and the government

itself go to pieces! lest that one be violated"# $ Lincoln’s%ddress to &ongress

• martial law

• ignored the 'upreme &ourt

parte *erryman

re+uired Lincoln to release a *arylandsecessionist


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http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail199.html


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Why didn’t Lincoln suspend theelection in the name of war"

• “We cannot have free government withoutelections4 and if the rebellion could force us toforego or postpone a national election! it mightfairly claim to have already con+uered and ruined

us,#• “5t seems eceedingly probable that this

administration will not be reelected, 6hen it willbe my duty to so cooperate with the president

elect as to save the 7nion between the electionand the inauguration! as he will have secured hiselection on such ground that he cannot possiblysave it afterward,#


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http://www.abrahamlincolnartgallery.com/archivepage2.htmhttp://www.abrahamlincolnartgallery.com/archivepage2.htm


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mancipation• 0120 &on8scation %ct

all slaves used for insurrectionary purposeswould be free

• 0129 abolished slavery in :& and W,

territories• 0129 &on8scation %ct

frees slaves of those aiding and supportingthe insurrection

• 'ept 99! 0129 announces preliminarymancipation

• ;an 0! 0123 mancipation Proclamation issued

• 012< 03th amendment


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“5 never! in my life! felt more certainthat 5 was doing right! than 5 do in

signing this paper! 5f my name ever

goes into history it will be for this act!

and my whole sole is in it, 5f my handtrembles when 5 sign the

proclamation! all who eamine it

hereafter will say! =He hesitated,’#%braham Lincoln


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Women in the &ivil War

• too/ over wor/ of men

business! farming! factories

• >ursing

:orthea :i ran the 7' 'anitary &ommission &lara ?arton famous nurse

• spies and military informants

• abolitionists

li@abeth &ady 'tanton and 'usan ?,%nthony


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Aingleaders were arrested and some were

convicted and imprisoned


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REPORTED BREAD RIOT AT RICHMOND.&olonel 'tewart! of the 'econd 5ndiana regiment! oneof the fourteen 7nited 'tates oBcers Cust released by

the rebels! and who has Cust arrived at ?altimore!ma/es the following statementD .n 6hursday last hesaw from his prison window in Aichmond a greatbread riot! composed of about three thousand

women! who were armed with clubs and guns andstones, 6hey bro/e open the Eovernment and privatestores! and too/ bread! clothing! and whatever elsethey wanted, 6he militia were ordered out to chec/the riot! but failed to do so, ;eF :avis and other high

oBcials made speeches to the infuriated women! andtold them that they should have whatever theyneeded, 6hey then became calm! and order was oncemore restored, %ll the other released 7nion oBcers

con8rm this statement, 6he story! however! loo/s


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G% &onfederate 'py inPrison*rs, Ereenhow and

Her Little :aughter,G

G 6his 7nion propaganda cartoon ofa uniformed female spyscout

alleges &onfederate Eeneral ;, , ?,'tuart unfairly employed female

spies /nowing that if caught the Ian/ees would not eecute them

http://www.lib.virginia.edu/small/exhibits/hearts/images/4mrspy.jpg


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"Women of the South" featuring Lucy

Pickens, the wife of Francis W. Pickens

who was governor of South Carolina

18!18#. Confe$erate ca%inet

mem%er &eorge 'an$ol(h rightsi$e.

)wo Confe$erate sol$iers at lower left.


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Confederate Currency, $10, 1861 A slave picking cotton is depicted. Backed by

cotton and printed in excess,Confederate Currency uickly

depreciated in value, beco!ing

http://www.frbsf.org/currency/civilwar/confederate/s71.html


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ostage %ta!p, 1 cent, 186&'186( ostage sta!ps,"#ic# served as a substitute for coins during t#eCivil )ar, "ere privately encased in brass "it# a!ica s#ield to protect t#e! fro! !oisture. *#is

sta!p+s front features a portrait of Bena!in-ranklin "#ile t#e reverse side s#o"s t#e


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• Prison Camps

– 1st North/South did not keep many prisoners

– Addition of black soldiers changed things

– South would capture and enslae black

prisoners


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• Prison Camps

–!nion army ended prisoner e"changes

–Numbers of P#$#%#&s increased

–'ood treatment not a high priority


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• Andersonille

– (uilt to hold 1)*))) prisoners

– +)*))) by ,uly 1-.


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• Andersonille con&t

– Stream ran through camp sering as a sewer

and a drinking/bathing supply

– 1)) die each day


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*orrors of War+ n$ersonville Prison

Confe$erate rmy im(risone$ nearly -!,!!! nion sol$iers at

n$ersonville Prison


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'rae 0igging at Andersonille P#$#%# Camp


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Andersonille Prison Camp 1-.


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!nion Prisoner upon his

release ay* 1-.2


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• 3lmira

– North&s ersion of Andersonille

– !nion uses 3lmira as reenge for the

Andersonille Prison Camp

– Prisoners ate rats for food


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'herman’s *arch to the 'ea• 'ept, 0! 012J 'herman ta/es %tlanta

• *arch to the 'ea designed to brea/ the will of the'outhern people

• >orthern military was Gnot only 8ghting hostilearmies! but a hostile people! and must ma/e old

and young! rich and poor! feel the hard hand ofwar,G K total war

• %tlanta to 'avannah 91< miles long 2 miles wide

• 29! men live oF land (“'corched earthcampaign#)

• >ovember 0

4 'herman telegraphed President Lincoln with themessage G5 beg to present to you! as a &hristmasgift! the city of 'avannah,,,G

'h ’ d t th il d


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'herman’s men destroy the railroadtrac/s


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&olumbia! 'outh


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• “'herman sentinelsG

the chimneys ofburnt out houses

• G'herman nec/tiesG railroad rails that

had been heatedand wrappedaround trees#

• end of ;anuary $

%pril marched onthe &arolinas

% family Mees theapproach

of 'hermanNs %rmy


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%tlanta

Eeorgia in

Auins


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Aichmond

-irginia 5n

Auins


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Auins ofpaper mill4wrec/edpaper

ma/ingmachineryin

foregroun

dAichmond!

-a,%pril 012


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Te M!lea"

#$ei" App#$a&'C#(r& H#(se,)ir*i"ia +as(se #" April-& 186 /#r

&e s(rre"er$ee&i"*0e&+ee"

e"eral R#0er&E. 2ee, C..A.

a" 2&. e"eral4lysses .

ra"&, 4..A.


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Aesults of the &ivil War

• over 2! dead


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Politics the Home Front

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