PopulationCultural Geography

C.J. Cox

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Population Terms

Demography - the study of population characteristics

Overpopulation- when the available resources cannot

support the number of people

Density - How many? The total number of people

Population Growth

0 AD 250 Million People 1803 AD 1 Billion People 1903 AD 1.6 Billion People 1950 AD 3.0 Billion People 1987 AD 5.0 Billion People 1998 AD 6.0 Billion People

Population Distribution

Population Concentrations

– East Asia– South Asia– South East Asia– Europe– North America

Sparsely Populated Regions

– dry lands– wet lands– high lands– cold lands

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land

suitable for agriculture.

Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land

suitable for agriculture.

Agricultural Density: The number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

Density

Arithmetic Density: The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Physiological Density: The number of people per unit of area of arable

land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

Agricultural Density: The number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Crude Death Rate : The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Population Characteristics

Crude Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people

alive in the society. Crude Death Rate : The total number of

deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Natural Increase: The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death

rate.

Population CharacteristicsFertility Rate: The average number of

children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

Doubling Time: The number of years needed to double a population,

assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Infant Mortality Rate: - the number of deaths of children under the age of 1, per thousand of the general population.

Population Characteristics Life Expectancy : The average number of years

an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical

conditions. Population under the age of 15 - usually shown

as a percentage of the total population of a country - dependency ages

Population over the age of 65 - usually shown as a percentage of the population. dependency age

Life Expectancy : The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

Population under the age of 15 - usually shown as a percentage of the total population of a country - dependency age is 0-15

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Population Pyramids

Inverted bar graphs that show a wide population base (younger population) with a narrow top (older population).

Population Pyramids show:– Age Distributions– Dependency Ratios of under 15 and over 65– Sex Ratio - Male vs. Female

Developing Relatively Developed Developed (poor) (rich)

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHICPYRAMIDS TRANSITION

Demographic Transition - Stage 1

Demographic Transition - the change in population characteristics of a country to reflect medical technology or economic and social development.

Crude Birth Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: High 40-50 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000 Today, no country in the world is in Stage 1.

Demographic Transition

Demographic Transition - Stage 2

As medical technology is introduced, a population lives longer as the death rate is lower from the rates of stage one.

Crude Birth Rate: High 40+ / 1,000

Crude Death Rate: Lower 15 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: Very High 25+/1,000

Demographic Transition - Stage 3

As the wealth and education of a country increases, social norms, and use of contraception dictate the birth of fewer children per woman.

Crude Birth Rate: Lower 20 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: Low 10 / 1000

Demographic Transition - Stage 4

As the final stage in the transition of population characteristics, the fourth stage sees the population increase rate again at 0. This stage reflects a highly industrialized, educated society.

Crude Birth Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Crude Death Rate: Low 10 / 1,000 Natural Increase Rate: None 0 / 1,000

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

Solutions to Population Growth

Education Birth Control Socialization Abortion Sterilization Government mandate Population redistribution

Solutions to Population Growth

Migration to resource rich areas Empowerment of Women $ for contraception & education Improving farming techniques in poor areas Sterilization Educating men w/ responsibility for birth

control Changing cultural norms to value girls

Solutions to Population Growth

Addressing traditional religious values that may encourage gender preference and large families

Starvation Medical technology - costs of

maintaining vulnerable populations (old & young)

Disease Biological Warfare

Solutions to Population Growth

Redistribution of wealth - improve standard of living for poor so that children aren’t as necessary

Addressing government policies to deal with their growing populations

Environmental pollution causing higher death rates

Population

Population Terms Population Growth Population Distribution Population Density Population Characteristics Population Pyramids Demographic Transition Solutions to Population Growth

PopulationCultural Geography

C.J. Cox