Portfolio assessment

• A portfolio is literally ‘a collection of papers ’Portfolio based learning is a method of encouraging reflective learning for professions. A professional development portfolio is a collection of materials, made by a professional, that records, and reflects on, events and process in that professional’s career (Hall, 1992).

Records of Achievement

• Records of achievement sometimes call profiles, are systematic attempts to involve students in recording, reviewing and evaluating their academic and personal development through out the college career.

Portfolio assessment

• A portfolio is literally ‘a collection of papers ’Portfolio based learning is a method of encouraging reflective learning for professions. A professional development portfolio is a collection of materials, made by a professional, that records, and reflects on, events and process in that professional’s career (Hall, 1992).

What do portfolios offer?

• They recognize and encourage the autonomous and reflective learning that is an integral part of professional education and development

• They are based in the real expereince of the learner, and so help the connection between theory and practice.

• They cater for a range of learning

What do portfolios offer?cont

• They enable assessment within the framework of clear criteria and learning objectives.

• They can accommodate evidence from different sources.

• They provide a process for both formative and summative assessment , based on either personally derived or externally set learning objectives

What do portfolios offer?cont

• They provide a model for life long learning and continuing professional development

What is the educational rationale

• promote adult and learner cantered learning -Portfolios provide educational opportunities that are interactive and reflective and can be related to real life experience.

• In many ways ,portfolios may be considered the ultimate educational tool in terms of meeting the criteria for good practice in adult learning.

Portfolio learning characteristics

Learning impacts on expertise in several ways

• Making changes in practice • Seeking answers to new questions• Validating established practices

What does a portfolio look like?

• There is no common for a portfolios range from simple notebooks and diaries to larger A4 folders and computer held files. Some learners prefer to given something , and A4 szed file with a dairy inserting has been welcomed by many . However being prescriptive can generate resistance, and flexibility over format is important .

What can be included in portfolio ?

• Critical incidents or events with patients• A reflective journal or dairy• Tutorials and learning plans and reflection on

them• Exam preparation material• Video recording of consultations and other

relevant material

What can be included in portfolio ?

• Audits and project work• Critical reviews of articles• Feedback material• Management material

Critical incidents of events with patients

• Critical incidences are those incidents in a working day that are memorable for going well or badly, or which have proved generally thought provoking(snadden et al.1999).

Reflective journal or diary

• Putting thought into paper this encourages the learner to reflect into what they are doing.

Tutorials and learning plans

• Descriptions of tutorial that have happened and the follow up of learning needs that have resulted from them can be used.

• The areas of strengths and developments are noted and future references can be made to see if learning has taken place

How can the material in a portfolio be used?

• As a method of promoting personal development

• Formatively as a learning tool to stimulate discussion and to plan future learning

• As a formal (Summative) assessment tool.

As a method of personal development and way of tracking

progress• Portfolios can be used for self learning activity

without support and input from a tutor or mentor.

• Learners collect material to track down their own progress

• Network of tutors and mentors would make the learning more sucessful

Formatively as learning tool to stimulate discussion and top plan future development

• Can be used to stimulate and provide feedback – may be every three months what is going , intriguing / exciting ,worrying phenomenon.

Assessing portfolios

• Assessing portfolios presents a number of particular challenges because of the highly individual nature of the portfolio.

• The process does not fit in the tradition concept of assessment in medical education.which has its roots in the science of objectivity.

• In portfolio we must have room for subjectivity and artistic appreciation of the work presented

Portfolios assessment may have the following aims:

• To provide feedback to learners so that can learn from mistakes and build on achievements

• To motivate learners and focus their sense of achievements

• To enable learners to correct errors and remedy deficiencies

• To consolidate learning

Portfolios assessment may have the following aims:

• To help learners to apply abstracts principles to practical contexts.

• To guide selection,option or career choice • To classify or grade learner achievements• To estimate potential to progress to other

levels or courses• To give teachers feedback on how effective

they are at promoting learning

Portfolios assessment may have the following aims:

• To provide statistics for internal and external agencies

Portfolios assessment may have the following aims:

• To give teachers feedback oh how effective they are promoting learning

• To provide statistics for internal and external agencies(Brown and Knight, 1994).

Strengths of portfolios

• Portfolios have their strengths in providing a method of giving feedback, in helping learners define their strengths and weakness and in providing evidence of achievement towards set learning objectives. These objectives can be set by the learner or by an external body(Snadden et al.,1999).

As a formal (summative ) assessment tool

• Assess practice over a period of time- it assess performance in practice over a period of time. Authentic assessment.

• Useful in formal and summative assessment in nursing(Jasper,1995).

• Snadden and Thomas ,1996: 1998point out the negative effect of using portfolio as an assessment tool.

What do portfolios offer?cont

Critical incidents of events with patients

• Critical incidences are those incidents in a working day that are memorable for going well or badly, or which have proved generally thought provoking(snadden et al.1999).