Portland cement clinker microstructure

C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF

200 micron

Course admin•18 h lectures •Course text:

CALLISTERMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING5TH EDN, WILEY, 2000Selected chapters: 1-16, 18, 20

•Tutorials from Week 5•Tutorial problems from Week 4•Supplementary material on web

•Feedback etc: christopher.hall@ed.ac.uk vicky.pugsley@ed.ac.uk

Course admin: website

You will find course documents at

www.cmse.ed.ac.uk/MSE3/mse3.html

SummaryTo provide a broad introduction to the materials used in engineering, their properties and structures

Module objectives On completing the module, students should

Be familiar with the major classes of engineering materialsthe mechanical, thermal and chemical properties of engineering materials,

their definition, measurement and specification Be able to locate material property dataUnderstand in qualitative terms the physical basis of material structure

of the principal engineering properties of materialsBe familiar with

elementary concepts of ferrous metallurgythe concepts of electrochemical corrosionthe major polymeric materials and their use as solid polymers, coatings,

foams and adhesivesthe main types of ceramics, cements and glasses used in engineeringthe main materials processing operations

Thermal properties cluster

•Thermal expansivity •Thermal conductivity •Specific heat capacity c•Melting temperature Tm

•… others??

CALLISTER Ch 20 [5th edn]

•What is the melting temperature of iron?

Quiz 19 Jan 09

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C •What is the density of iron?

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C •What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold?

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the density of air?

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the density of air? 1.2 kg/m3

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the thermal expansivity of brass? 20 10-6 K-1

•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the density of air? 1.2 kg/m3

•What is the Young’s modulus of steel?

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C•What is the thermal expansivity of brass? 20 10-6 K-1

•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the Young’s modulus of steel? 200 GPa

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C

•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the density of air? 1.2 kg/m3

•What is the Young’s modulus of steel? 200 GPa•What is the thermal expansivity of brass?

Quiz 10 Jan 08

•What is the melting temperature of iron? 1540 °C

•What is the density of iron? 7 900 kg/m3

•What is the density of gold? 19 300 kg/m3

•What is the density of air? 1.2 kg/m3

•What is the Young’s modulus of steel? 200 GPa•What is the thermal expansivity of brass? 20 10-6 K-1

Iron density

Iron density

bcc

fcc

912 °C

Explosive spalling in concreteunder fire conditions

Quartz...

•Major constituent of granite, quartzite and other mineral aggregates used in concrete

•Alpha-beta quartz transition•Displacive structural transition•573 °C•2 % INCREASE in volume

See Tucker, Keen and Dove, Min Mag 2001, 65, 489-507

Invars

•Iron-nickel alloys with exceptionally low thermal expansivity

about 0.4 10-6 / K

Quiz 6 Feb 04

•What is the effect of porosity on

•thermal expansivity?•density?•thermal conductivity?•elastic modulus?•strength?

Quiz 6 Feb 04

•What is the effect of porosity on

•thermal expansivity?•density?•thermal conductivity?•elastic modulus?•strength?

As Ap

Density

Define volume fraction porosity f

f = Volume voids/Total volume

Bulk density

b = s(1 - f )

where s is solid density

Density

Density relation is a simple example of the Law of Mixtures for material properties

Composite material A, Bwith volume fractions fA, fB

Xcom = fAXA + fBXB

Quiz 6 Feb 04

•What is the effect of porosity on thermal expansivity?

•How does vary with f ?

is independent of f

As Ap

Thermal conductivity

•Defining equation q = dTdx

where q is the heat flux

•Units w (m K)

•Typical values and range

1000 --- 0.01 w (mK)

See for example Ashby charts

Thermal conductivity

Correlations with other properties

•speed of sound

•elastic modulus

Thermal conductivity

Correlations with other properties

For metals

•electrical conductivityWiedemann-Franz lawratio of electrical to thermal conductivityis the same for all metals at a given temperature