Portrayal of the RF & Microwaves Research Laboratory at ... · PDF filePortrayal of the. RF &...

Page 1RF & MicrowavesResearch Laboratorywww.tu-ilmenau.de/hmt

Fachgebiet Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellentechnik www.tu-ilmenau.de/hmt

Portrayal of theRF & Microwaves Research Laboratoryat Ilmenau University of Technology

Matthias A. Hein

H. Bayer, K. Blau, C. Hartmann, S. Humbla, A. Krauß, N. Murtaza, M. Schühler, U. Schwarz, E. Serebryakova, R.

Stephan, J. Trabert, G. Vogt, C. Volmer, F. Wollenschläger

G. Hippel, M. Huhn, M. Zocher


• The University

• Department and Institute

• HMT Research Laboratory

• Infrastructure

• Ongoing research activities

• Useful information

Content of the presentation

More details available at:www.tu-ilmenau.de/hmt

www.wip-thueringen.de/actor/profile/ttk/read/100/


Region of IlmenauHalf-way Frankfurt-Dresden, Berlin-Munich40 km south of ErfurtIlmenau

27,000 population

(plus 6,400 students)

Ilmenau University of Technology

Ilmenau University of Technologywww.tu-ilmenau.de


24.06.1894 Contract signed for the foundation of the Thüringisches Technikum Ilmenau

1926 Thüringisches Technikum renamed as Engineering School

1950 The Engineering School acquires the title of Training College for Electrical and Mechanical Enginering (until 1955)

16.09.1953 HfE, THE Hochschule für Elektrotechnik, is opened. Matriculation ceremony for 268 students.

14.10.1963 The GDR Minister‘s Council confers status of Technische Hochschule (TH) on the HfE

08.07.1992 The Thüringen Universities Act is passed in the Thüringen Parliament and the TH becomes Ilmenau University of Technology

116 years of tradition in engineering sciences



Curie Building

The campus

Röntgen Building

Kirchhoff Building

Helmholtz Building

Newton Building

Ernst-Abbe-CentreFeynman Building

Leibniz Building

Faraday Building

Refectory



Structure of the University

TU Ilmenau International SchoolCentral facilities• Research centres for Micro- and Nanotechnologies and for Energy• Computer Centre• Library• Patents Information Centre and Online Services (PATON)• Sports Centre

Departments• Electrical Engineering and Information Technology• Computer Science and Automation• Mechanical Engineering• Mathematics and Natural Sciences• Economic Sciences • Inter-departmental institutes (interdisciplinary research)



Numbers and factsPeople• 6,400 Students, about 600 from abroad• 1400 Freshers• 100 Professors• 330 Academic staff plus 540 other staff

Academic Education• 23 Study

courses

(Bachelor

and Master)

• 3 International Master courses (partly under development)

Scientific Research• ~ 29 MEUR research grants in 2009, 290 kEUR / Prof• Five International Graduate Schools• Numerous Partners throughout the World



Study courses• Applied Media Science (BSc)• Automotive Engineering (BSc/MSc)• Biomedical Engineering (BSc/MSc)• Business Administration (MSc)• Business/Industrial Mathematics (MSc) • Communications and Signal Processing (MSc)• Computer Science (BSc/MSc)• Computer Engineering (BSc/MSc)• Electrical Engineering and InformationTechnology (BSc/MSc)• Electrical Power and Control Engineering (MSc)• Information Systems (BSc/MSc)• Industrial Engineering and Management (BSc/MSc) • Materials Science (BSc/MSc)• Mathematics (BSc)• Mechanical Engineering (BSc/MSc)• Mechatronics (BSc/MSc)• Media and Communications Research (at MA/MSc level)• Media Technology (BSc/MSc)• Media Economics (BSc/MSc)• Micro- and Nanotechnology (MSc)• Optronics (BSc/MSc)• Research in Computer and Systems Engineering (MSc)• Technical Physics (BSc/MSc)



Research clusters


• Nano-engineering• Precision engineering and precision metrology• Technical and biomedical prosthetic systems• Drive technology, energy and environmental engineering• Digital media technology• Mobile communications





• The University



• Infrastructure



Institute for Information Technologywww.tu-ilmenau.de/init



Electrical Engineering & Information TechnologyOrganisation• Department: original and inter-departmental institutes

• Electrical energy and control engineering (6)• Information technology (8)• Media technology (5)• Micro- and nano-electronics (5)• Material technologies – jointly with Mechanical Engineering (3)

• Institutes: host individual research laboratories (chairs)

InIT Research Laboratories• Communications, Martin Haardt• Communication networks, Jochen Seitz• Digital broadcasting, Albert Heuberger• Digital signal processing, Karl Schran (k)• Electromagnetic fields, Hannes Töpfer• Electronic measurements, Reiner Thomä• RF & Microwaves, Matthias Hein


Competences and research fields of InIT

Centre and Institute for Micro- and Nano-Technologieshttp://www.tu-ilmenau.de/imn-start/

Competences Research fieldsNetworks Digital broadcastingProtocols Communications and networksSignals Digital signal and image processingChannel Electronic MeasurementsAntennas RF & MicrowavesCircuit and design technologies Electromagnetic fields

Span from fundamentals to applications

Topical and methodological networking

Major responsibilities for research cluster „mobile communications“

Interfaces to micro- and nano-technologies



Survey of Courses at InIT

• Master of Science in Communications and Signal Processing• Entirely tought in English• Well-structured two year-programme• Kick-off winter term 2009

Master programme MSc-CSP

German Engineering Faculty at Moscow Power Engineering Institute

Fruitful co-operation with other Universities, e.g., Electrotechnical University St. PetersburgInternational seminar series, industrial practice, ...

• Joint project: Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Mechatronics• Double Master degrees• Teaching in German; partial studies in Ilmenau (incl. Master`s thesis)• Established co-operation since > 10 years• Kick-off September 2007





• The University



• Infrastructure




Research and Education 1/2

The RF & Microwave Research Laboratory …• … covers research and education in the propagation, interactions and

technical applications of electromagnetic waves, circuits, signals, and systems at frequencies between 100 kHz and 100 GHz

Research areas• Mobile and satellite communications, wireless

sensors, material issues • Antenna engineering• Circuit design and technologies• RF-MEMS • RF & Microwave measurements

STS-114 Crew, NASA


Research and Education 2/2We aim to provide ...• ... broad basic knowledge• ... interdisciplinarity• ... topical specialisation

• ... foundation (for scholars)• ... motivation (for students)• ... profession (for alumni)

Elec

tric

alEn

gine

erin

g

• ... public and private funding Com

pute

r Sci

ence

Mec

hatr

onic

sEc

onom

ics

Mat

hs, P

hysi

cs, l

ife s

cien

ces

University

School

Industry

We aim to raise ...

• ... social, environmental, and safety issues

We aim to address ...

Page 17RF & MicrowavesResearch Laboratorywww.tu-ilmenau.de/hmt Who are

Head ofResearch Lab

Staff

PhD students

Seniorresearchers,

visiting scientists, postdocs


HMT group: strategic position

www.tu-ilmenau.de/init

Institute for Information Technology

• Analogue and mixed-signal RF & microwave hardware aspects

• Mobile communications, radar, sensing, metrology

• Joint research strategy (roadmap, clustering)

Institute for Micro- and Nano-

Technologies

• Provides technological infrastructure• Links materials with RF functionality

and system aspects• Stimulates interdisciplinary co-

operationElectronic Technology, Nanotechnology,

Micromechanical Systems

www.tu-ilmenau.de/imn





• The University



• Infrastructure




Dr. Stephan Karmann [email protected]

+49 3677 69 3400

Centre of Micro- & Nano-TechnologiesMission• Novel materials micro- and nano-devices circuits and systems• Interdisciplinary co-operative research projects• Basic and applied research for upcoming industrial technologiesFacility• 680 m2 clean rooms (Class 100 to

10000)• 1100 m2 laboratories and offices

www.tuwww.tu--ilmenau.de/zmnilmenau.de/zmn--startstart//

Technologies and materials• Deposition, patterning, multilayer, analytics• Epitaxy, micromachining• Optical and electron beam lithography• Si (+ oxides, nitrides)• Metals (+ oxides, carbides, nitrides) • Polymers, printed circuit boards, low-temperature co-fired ceramics


• Main frequency range 1...15 GHz• Extension 15…77 GHz• Quiet zone

1.5 m × 1.5 m• Measurement distance 4.5 m• Two high-precision positioners

Antenna measurement laboratory

Mobile communications laboratory• Investigation of mobile radio channel• Configurable baseband signals• Modulated signal sources, detectors, multi-

channel simulator, de/modulators• Vector network & spectrum analysis• RUSK vector channel sounder

Institute for Information Technologies



Millimeter wave antenna measurements

• Frequency range 0.8 … 77 GHz• Dynamic range 35 … 80 dB• Measurement range 4.5 m• Max. antenna weight 10 kg

• Angular resolution 0.3°• Shielding 80 … 100 dB• Reflectivity 30 … 50 dB


• Located at industrial area „Am Vogelherd“

• 50 m height• Terrestrial broadcasting tests• Test platform for land-mobile satellite

communication terminals• Satellite payload on the tower• Motion simulator & real-time

channel simulator emulates moving vehicle on earth

• Use within the Project MoSaKa (Mobile Satellite Communcations in Ka Band)

Antenna tower

Infrastructure


RF & microwave measurement equipment (HMT)• Frequency domain measurements

• Coaxial, four-port, nonlinear, pulsed network analysis (up to 70 GHz)

• Waveguide network analysis (up to 110 GHz)

• Spectrum analysis (up to 50 GHz)• Time domain measurements

• Time-domain reflectometry• 70 GHz sampling oscilloscope• 11 GHz real-time oscilloscope

• Wafer probers• Ambient• Vacuum, cooling stage

• RF-MEMS measurement facilities• High-precision bias controllers• Contact-less optical profilometer


Circuits, electromagnetic fields, and electromechanical transduction

RF & Microwave Simulation Tools

• Two- and three-dimensional microwave design and em fields• ADS, Ensemble, IE3D• HFSS, CST Microwave Studio, EMPIRE

• RF circuit design• MicroSim (PSpice), Serenade• Modular design of complex

structures (in-house)• RF-MEMS

• ANSYS





• The University



• Infrastructure




Overview ofResearchProjects

Overview ofResearchProjects

Technology and materials

Conc

epts

& Co

mpo

nent

s

System aspects

High data rate WLANEASY-A

Ultra-wideband sensingSPP1202

Planar periodic structuresFhG-IIS

LTCC multilayer modules

KERAMIS II

High-efficiency Power amplifier

Class-S

Reconfigurable RF systems

GRK1487

SOTM tracking antennasMoSaKa


• MoSaKa: Tracking antennas and outdoor-unit for mobile satellite communications BMWi/DLR, 2009-2012

• Mobicom: Self-organised mobile communication systems for disaster scenarios Reconfigurable radio interfacesDFG-GRK 1487, Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering, 2009-2015

• ultraMEDIS-II: UWB-Radar for biomedical sensorsDFG-SPP1202, EMT & medical partners, 2007-2010

• KERAMIS-II : On-orbit verification, LTCC microwave multilayer modules, Industry partners, BMWi/DLR, 2006-2011

• AIRFUN: Development and implementation of robust 60 GHz radio systems, Industrial EASY-A consortium, BMBF/DLR, 2008-2011

• HMoS: Switched microwave amplifier and reconstruction filter, Industrial Class-S consortium, BMBF/DLR, 2007-2010

• MAPS: Radiation properties and applications of periodic structures, Fraunhofer-IIS, 2007-2010

List of actual research projects

LTCC


Objectives• Address challenges related to loss of terrestrial infrastructure

(disaster scenarii)• Establish communications between fixed, nomadic, and mobile nodes

in a heterogeneous network• Compact tracking antennas enabling reliable data transmission

MoSaKa – ProjectMobile satellite communications in Ka-band

Rationale• Improved transmission links (forward and return links), robust satellite

access in mobile channel• Tracking with small-aperture antennas and technologies for compact

user terminals• Installation of a specific testbed (antenna mast and precise positioner)

Prof. Dr. Albert [email protected]

+49 3677 69 4280


MoSaKa – Details 1/2VSAT Ka-band antenna• High-gain antenna: > 40 dBi gain,

40-60 cm parabolic dual reflector antenna• Low-profile antenna: small aperture, lower gain• Signal acquisition and tracking

Ka-band transceiver frontend• Modular construction• Low-noise down-converter• Suitable connection to antenna


MoSaKa – Details 2/2Demonstration & evaluation of developed components•Ka-band satellite internet access for reference measurements•Testbed with channel & motion simulation•Free-space testing of directional antennas•Land-mobile satellite applications•Extraction of channel parameters


Self-organised mobile communication systems for disaster scenarios

Prof. Dr. Andreas [email protected]

+49 3677 69 2819

Self-organised Service Recovery

Reconfigurable Radio Interfaces

Cognitive Management of Transport Resources

Decentralised Information Management


Reconfigurable radio interfaces – project Self-organised mobile communication systems for disaster scenarios(International Graduate School, DFG-GRK1487)Objectives• Self-organisation supported by

reconfigurable RF hardware• Selectivity, adaptivity and energy efficiency

for fast disaster recovery• Co-operation of 8 research labs in electrical

engineering and computer sciences

Rationale• Recovery from disaster scenario by identifying and exploiting available

resources• Reconfigurable antenna for RX sensing and RX/TX transmission with

spatial and frequency selectivity (cognitive radio)• Combination of analog hardware and software adaptivity for self-

organised optimisation

Schlottwitz 2002, http://de.wikipedia.org/


Reconfigurable antenna – Initial detailsChallenges of antenna design• Antenna for sensing (receive only):

• Wideband frequency operation• Capable to sense the entire solid angle

• Antenna for regular operation (RX and TX):• Single frequency, prescribed channel

bandwidth • Directive (multipath, link budget)

• Reconfigurable antenna design• Wideband broad pattern antenna

tunable to a single frequency directive beam

• Find optimum compromise between frequency and spatial selectivity

-6.50

-3.00

0.50

4.00

90

60

30

0

-30

-60

-90

-120

-150

-180

150

120


Objectives• Develop ultra-wideband radar for medical applications• Interdisciplinary approach:

Engineers, physicists, medical doctors• Cluster networking within priority programme• Envisage UWB for human medical in-vivo diagnosis:

MRI navigator and breast tumour detection

ultraMEDIS – ProjectUltra-wideband medical sensor systemsDFG priority programme UKoLoS (SPP 1202)

ultraMEDISultraMEDIS

www.ecureme.com

Rationale• Intrinsically safe and bio-compatible• Detection / localisation / imaging of dielectric contrast /

malignant tissue• Tracking of organ movement• Long-term investigations of diseases


ultraMEDIS – Details 1/2UWB antennas• Compact antennas with stable

radiation pattern• Optimised and measured for dielectric

medium• Modified for use in combination with

magnetic resonance imaging• Adapted to clinical diagnostic studies



ultraMEDIS – Details 2/2UWB-MRI compatibility• Minimisation of current-loops for eddy

currents• Sustaining good matching and radiation

properties over the entire band of operational frequencies (impulse response)


UWB-MRI functionality• Monitoring of heart beat and breath

frequencies with high precision• UWB navigation of 3-T MRI• Extraction of anatomic effects (myocardial

dynamics, brain imaging, etc.)

U. Schwarz et al., IEEE MTT-S 2009. U. Schwarz et al./ M. Helbig et al. / F. Thiel et al., ICUWB 2008.F. Thiel et al., ISMRM 2009. M. Hein et alEuCAP 2009.

Azimuth (-120…120 deg)

Freq

uenc

y (1

…10

GH

z)

Gai

n (-2

0…+1

0 dB

i)


KERAMIS – ProjectCeramic microwave circuits for satellite communication systems

Objectives• Technology for Ka-band multimedia satellite applications• Ceramic multilayer technology (LTCC)• Embedded circuit elements and MMICs• Verification of technology in space (Launch 2010)

Experiment: Reconfigurable switch matrix• Reconfigurable (digitally controlled signal paths)• Compact three-dimensional hermetic packaging• Straight-forward low-cost development and fabrication• Full space qualification

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild:Navstar-2.jpg


KERAMIS – Details 1/3 Reconfigurable switch matrix• f = 17…22 GHz, |S21 | > -1dB• |Sii | < -20 dB, isolation 50 dB.• Broadband matching of switch-IC.• Trade-off performance – complexity.

transition CPW – switch die

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 280 30

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

-40

0

Fre que ncy [GHz]

Mag

nit

ud

e o

f S

catt

erin

g-P

aram

eter

s [d

B]

KERAMIS 4x 4 Ka-Band Sw itch Matrix - TM1

|S12 |, |S21 |

|S22 |

|S11 |


KERAMIS – Details 2/3 On-orbit verification• OOV led by industrial partners (KT, GSOC)• KERAMIS is one of eleven payload modules• Self-consistent remotely controlled experiment• Launch expected for 2010• One year of operation

www.dlr.de


KERAMIS – Details 3/3 Advanced design of microwave modules• Modular design flow incorporating

previous results• Time saving (CPU and design)


EASY-A consortium

Partners• IHP Microelectronics• Atmel• BMW• EADS-IW• FHG-HHI und FHG-IAF• IMST• Infineon

• MEDAV• Meytec• Siemens• TES• TU Dresden• Universität Ulm• Unteraufträge: U Bo, TU B, TU I

http://www.easy-a.de/

Working groups at Ilmenau University of Technology• Institute for Information Technology (Electronic

measurement research lab, RF & Microwave research lab)• Institute for Micro- and Nano-Technologies


Objectives• Increase data rate of wireless transmission

systems (e.g., WIFE, data kiosk, WPAN).• Range 1…10 m.• Unlicensed frequency band around 60 GHz.• Transceiver technology (SiGe) from project

partners.

Rationale• Patch antennas and –arrays (planar, hybrid integration)• Multilayer ceramic technology (LTCC)

• Three-dimensional, integration of transceiver chips.• Symmetric feed networks

• Advantages for millimetre wave applications.

AIRFUN – ProjectLTCC patch antennas for wireless Gbps transmission systems

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A380

Cooperation with Electronic Technology and Electronic Measurements


AIRFUN – Details

• Patch elements with symmetric feed (stacked patches)

• 10-dB bandwidth

11 GHz• Gain

10 dBi (beamwidth

50...80 deg)• Can be scaled to larger arrays• Can be extended for dual

polarisation

• Design adapted to LTCC technology

• Hybrid integration of antenna with MMICs and feed networks

60 GHz patch antenna arrays

50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00-20.00

-18.00

-16.00

-14.00

-12.00

-10.00

-8.00

-6.00

-4.00

-2.00

0.00

((

))

Return loss

frequency (GHz)

11 GHz


HMoS – ProjectHigh-frequency modulator for class-S amplifiers

Objectives• Industrial Class-S consortium in R&D focus mobileGaN• High-efficiency power amplifiers for mobile communications• Employ latest technology (SiGe, GaN, “digital” amplifier).

Pulse-length modulator• Switched amplifiers: arbitrary wave-forms, class-S.• Optimise architecture: noise, linearity, power consumption.• Implementation and integration: monolithic circuit design.

Reconstruction filter• Focus: low insertion loss, impedance matching, wide stop-band• Optimise quality-factor versus volume: miniaturisation.• Implementation: system demonstrator module.


Design and characterisation of PLM circuit

• Triangle signal generator and comparator stage• SiGe-HBT, IHP SG25H1• 1.8 GHz clock-frequency• 450 MHz input signal• On-wafer differential measurements

HMoS - Details: Pulse-length modulator


HMoS - Details: Reconstruction filterReconstruction filter: Combline bandpass• Passband insertion loss as low as possible

(efficiency)• Differential matched load for push-pull switching

stage• Stop-band as wide as possible (noise shaping,

harmonic suppression)• High power handling

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

0.4 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48

Frequency, GHz

Sca

tterin

g pa

ram

eter

s, d

B S11S12

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency, GHz

S21

, dB

-5-4.5

-4-3.5

-3-2.5

-2-1.5

-1-0.5

0

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330

Inse

rtion

loss

, dB

Input Power, W


MAPS – ProjectMicrowave antennas based on periodic structures

x

y

z

Objectives• Anisotropic dispersion of 1d and 2d periodic structures

• Including backward waves (left-handed)• Reduction of coupling• Leaky wave radiation (endfire, high gain)

• Compact antennas with specific radiation patterns• Angle and frequency dependent radiation • Reflection phase for arbitrary angles of incidence

Rationale• Anisotropic propagation of bound and radiating TE/TM modes• Simulate, characterise, and exploit the field distribution excited by

appropriate feed structures• Develop experimental techniques for optimisation


MAPS – Details

Experimental studies• Measured coupling between feed antenna and high-impedance surface• Effects of truncation of the periodic structure

Unit Cell• Multi-layer structure with engineered dispersion relation• Consistent EM analysis and design procedure





• The University



• Infrastructure




• High-ranking and other refereed journals: 63• Inter/national conference papers: 107 / 155• Recent patent applications (2006-2010): 6

• LTCC UWB millimeter wave transmission linesDE 10-2007-028-799.4-55, PCT/EP2008/057666

• Combination of MR-imaging and UWB-radar (with PTB Berlin), 10-2008-19-862.5• MRI-compatible UWB antennas (with PTB Berlin), 10-2008-047-054.6• High-power filter for switched-mode amplifiers, 10-2008-053-013.1• Planar leaky-wave antenna, • Bandpass-pulse length modulator, 10 2010 011 468.5

• Diploma and PhD students (cumulative since 2003): 24 and 18• Research projects (cumulative since 2003) 33 with a total budget over 8 M

Useful information 1/2


Useful information 2/2• Research lab

www.tu-ilmenau.de• Institute for information technology

www.tu-ilmenau.de/init• Institute for Micro- and Nano-

Technologieswww.tu-ilmenau.de/mnt

• International Graduate Schoolwww.tu-ilmenau.de/gs-mobicom

• ContactProf. Matthias Hein, ext. 2832Dr. Ralf Stephan, ext. 1585Dr. Kurt Blau, ext. 1587

[email protected]

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/init

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/mnt

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/gs-mobicom


Thank you for your attention.

Vielen Dank für Ihr Interesse.

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