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Pa

Pa

Pa

Pa

Pa

Ptatatat

rei M

ere

kin

dlu

s/

Batt

ery

Sea F

ort

ress-P

rison

Tallinn, E

sto

nia

2

3

Introduction

The project is a study for a contemporary architectural transformation of the Battery

Sea Fortress-Prison in Tallinn, Estonia for inhabitation and public use.

Battery building is a big structure very loaded with historical memory located in North-

Tallinn, 2 km from the city center. The building was completed in ca 1840 as a Sea

Fortress, but converted into a prison in 1920 and stayed as a prison until 2002. The

massive limestone structure of Battery has been standing empty ever since.

Battery buildings are owned by the State Real Estate of Estonia, who has been

repeatedly unsuccessfully trying to sell the structure to investors. There are constant

discussions on public media and amongst historians, architects and other specialists

on future visions and desicions of the Battery buildings and the surrounding site.

Thediscussions have been introducing programmes as Military Museum, Estonian

Academy of Arts, hotel, etc. Since the Battery is so special structure and since it

is so vast, all of those visions failed. At this moment Battery Sea Fortress-Prison is

inpatiently waiting for its uncertain future.

The building is ca 40.000 sqm, it consists of 3 main parts – Gorge building, Fleche

building and Communication building, and several smaller structures mostly added

during the Soviet area [book, page 11]. The site is surrounded by Seaplane Hangars

where a Maritime Museum opened in 2012, abandoned Old Fish Harbour and a fast-

developing Kalamaja residential area.

4

CONTENTS

5

4

6

18

24

30

36

42

46

52

62

66

86

90

100

104

table of contents

mapping

culture kilometer

limestone

site photos

drawings

movement

structure

sketches

model photos

19 stories

media

idea 001

idea 002

references

6

MAPPING

7

Tallinn, Estonia

TALLINN

Latitude 59° 26’ North and longitude 24° 46’ East

Area 159.1 km2

Islands (1) Aegna 3.04 km2

Lakes (2) Harku 1.7 km2, Ülemiste 9.4 km2

Sea coast 46 kmast 46ast 46

Land border 59 kmorder 59 kmborder 59 km

The highest point in Nõmme is 63.6 m above sea tt i

level.

Tallinn is comprised of eight city districts, and,nd, asnd, as of 1 as

April 2012, the population is 416,470.

Population density 2,618 people per pp er km2er

8

Tallinn

9

area around Battery

10

N

S

3.00 pm

W O

S

OW

N

3.00 am

N

S

9.00 pm

W O

N

S

OW

9.00 am

wind rose, Tallinn

11

A monthly mean temperature in Tallinn (ºC) 1971-2000

B monthly mean precipitation in Tallinn (mm) 1971-2000

C monthly mean humidity in Tallinn (%) 1971-2000

D monthly mean wind speed in Tallinn (m/s) 1971-2000

E monthly mean cloud cover in Tallinn (in tenths) 1971-2000

F monthly mean sunshine in Tallinn (in hours) 1971-2000

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Year

A

-3,8

-4,6

-1,4

3,8

9,8

14,3

16,6

15,6

10,7

6,1

1,1

-2,1

5,5

B

51

34

35

36

37

61

77

83

75

76

69

61

693

C

87

85

81

75

69

73

77

80

83

84

87

88

81

D

4,5

4,2

3,9

3,9

3,8

3,5

3,2

3,2

3,6

4,0

4,3

4,4

3,9

E

7,2

6,2

5,1

4,2

3,1

3,5

3,8

4,1

4,9

6,0

7,5

7,6

5,3

F

24,0

54,8

122,3

185,0

286,8

291,5

293,6

240,2

147,6

89,3

30,2

17,8

1783,1

monthly mean weather statistcs

12

Tallinn Race

paadipark

Tallinn Race

Suvekohvikud

Valukoda

Noblessneri

kvartal

Lava

Kultuurikatla AedKultuurikatel

Vesilennu

kid

Pikemad laevasõidudLaste hüppela

Hotell Euroopa

Kochi Aidad

LaevasõidudLaevasõidud

City Marina ClubLasteala

Lava

Tangosadam

Tallinn

Vedurlaevade

tantsushow

Helikopter

Lava

Tallinn Marina Days ´12

OLD TOWN

BALTIC RAILWAY STATION

THE CREATIVE CITYROTERMANN QUARTER

OLD CITY HARBOUR

THE CULTURE HUB

PORT NOBLESSNER

TALLINN CITY CONCERT HALL

BATTERY

SEAPLANE HANGARSEER

ALL

B

T

Y

P

HU

T

HA

LWC RA

CRMAN

1200 1200 mm

1300 m

mapping the area

14

MINE HARBOUR

OLD CITY H

ARBOUR

PIRITA HARBOUR “TOP”

KAKUMÄE HARBOUR

VENE-BALTI HARBOUR

BEKKER PORT

MEERUS MARINA

HUNDIPEA HARBOUR

SOJASADAM H

ARBOUR

PEETRI HARBOUR

KARAVANI HARBOUR

OLD CITY M

ARINA

SEAPLANE HARBOUR

OLD FISH HARBOUR

BATTERY HARBOUR

PORT NOBLESSNER

PALJASSAARE H

ARBOUR

KADRIORU BEACH

KAKUMÄE BEACH

STROOMI BEACH

KOPLI BEACH

PIRITA BEACH

MERIVÄLJA BEACH

ports & beaches of Tallinn

15

BUILT BETWEEN 1829-1917BUILT BETWEEN 1920-1940BUILT IN SOVIET TIMES

GO

RGE

COM

MUNICATIO

N BUILDING

PILLBOX O

F

MORTAR

BATTERY

FLÊCHE BUILDING LEFT WING

FLÊ

CH

E B

UIL

DIN

G R

IGH

T W

ING

SINGLE CHAMBER

BUILDING

TETETETTE

UNETTE

NLUNUNETTE

NLULULU

ING LEFT WIN

ING

RIG

HT

Battery Buildings

16

H

H

H

37.847 m²

total: 37.847 m² + 3209 m² + 1193 m² + 30 m² + 2853 m² = 45.132 m²

3209 m²1193 m²

30 m²

2853 m²

approximate areas on Site

17

4875 m²

231 m²

950 m²

1070 m² 1070 m²

231 m²2477 m²

2573 m²

one level: 8427 m² + 5050 m² = 13.477 m²three levels: 25.281 m² + 15.150 m² = 40.431 m²

approximate areas in the Building

18

CULTURE KM.

1911111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999

C U L T U R E K I L O M E T E R

Culture Kilometer ´12

20

1 Bastion Belt interceptions

2 connected Bastion Belt

3 Esplanade

4 Culture Kilometer

5 Beach Promenade

6 connections

7 new City Pattern

8 opening city to sea

9 temporary space usage/ time(Suur Tõll; concerts; beach; park; Fish Market; EKKM;

viewing platform; parking; tourists)

ideas from Tallinn City Forum I (27.-28.10.2009)

212222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

C U L T U R E K I L O M E T E R

Culture Kilometer ´12

22

OLD TOWN-RAILWAY STATION-KALAMAJA

CREATIVE CITY-KALAMAJA-BATTERY

CREATIVE CITY-KALAMAJA-NOBLESSNER

OLD TOWN-CULTURE HUB

CULTURE HUB-OLD FISH HARBOUR-BATTERY-SEAPLANE HANGARS

KALAMAJA CEMETRY PARK-SEAPLANE HANGARS-BATTERY

C U L T U R E K I L O M E T E R

culture kilometer; where else?

23

connection = entrance?

24

LIMESTONE

25

Kukersite – the Estonian oil shale.Kukersite – the Estonian oil shale. Lasnamägi limestone.Lasnamägi limestone.

Iron-ooid-containing Aseri limestone.Iron-ooid-containing Aseri limestone.Kunda limestone with abundant nautiloids.Kunda limestone with abundant nautiloids.

Dictyonema shale at Dictyonema shale at

Pakri Peninsula.Pakri Peninsula.

Variegated limestone of Variegated limestone of

Tõrvajõgi.Tõrvajõgi.

Limy sandstone with Limy sandstone with

kerogene (brown) of kerogene (brown) of

Pakri Formation.Pakri Formation.

Glauconite sandstone Glauconite sandstone

of Leetse.of Leetse.

North Estonian Klint - selection of rocks

26

North Estonian Klint

27

Tallinn Klint

28

Interval0,0-0,7

Abs. height2.1 m

Description

0,7-1,4 Filling soil, clay sand – sand clay, limestone gravel, brick crumbs. Blackish g

1,4-2,00,8--1,5

Filling soil, sand clay, including gravel and brick pieces. Very damp.

1,5--3,0Filling soil, sand clay, sand fraction is of coarse up to average granular, inclugravel and brick pieces, wet. Bluish grey.

3,0--4,5 Blue clay, dry.

Interval Abs. height3.0 m Description

0,0--0,8 Filling soil, sand clay, dirty grey, incl chippings and bricpieces.0,8--1,5

1,5--3,0 Filling soil, sand clay moraine, incl brick pieces and chippings, dry and dense.

Interval Abs. height2.3 m

Description

0,0--0,8 Filling soil, clay sand – sand clay, limestone gravel, brick crumbs. Blacgrey.

0,8--1,5 Filling soil, sand clay, including limestone and brick pieces.1,5--2,0

2 0 3 0Moraine, sand clay, with limestone pieces. Greenish grey.

Interval Abs. height3,8 m

Description

0,0-0,7 Coarse crushed limestone chippings.

0,7-1,4 Limestone-rich clayish, mud-like. Bluish grey, very damp.

1,4-2,0 Clayish, probably humus-rich material. Blackish grey.

Damp clay moraine. Greenish grey, dense, dry.

Interval Abs. height7.5 m

Description

0,0--0,2 Humus, same type sand. Beige-like grey.0,2--0,8 Aleurite sand, very even. Yellowish beige.0,8--1,5 Aleurite sand. Whitish beige.

Interval Abs. height7.2 m

Description

0,0-0,7 Humus, coarse sand, including gravel and constructioBeige-like grey.0,7-1,4

1,4-2,0 Filling soil, moraine, incl construction waste, greyish.

1,2--3,0 Aleurite sand, very even. Yellowish beige.

Moraine, sand clay, including coarse sand and graveBluish grey, dry and dense.

Interval Abs. height5.7 m

Description

0,0--0,5 Filling soil, consists mainly of sand, incl gravel and bric0,5--1,5

1,5--2,5Filling soil, sand clay moraine, including also chippingsgravel.

2,5--3,0Filling soil, sand clay moraine, including also gravel, cgrey. Surface layer polluted with oil products, smells s

Interval Abs. height3.2 m

Description

0,0-0,7 Humus-rich technogenic surface0,7-1,41,4-2,0

Fine includes sand and gravelmoraine, sand clay, including sandstone p

Interval Abs. height3.4 m Description

0,0--0,8 Filling soil, sand clay, dirty grey, including chipbrick pieces.0,8--1,5

1,5--3,0 Filling soil, sand clay moraine, including brick hi i d d d

Interval Abs. height3.6 m Description

0,0-0,7Humus-rich technogenic surface, fine.0,7-1,4

1,4-2,0 Clay sand, includes gravel granules, blackish g

29

Boreholes results from site

30

SITE PHOTOS

31

pppppphhhhhoooootttttooooosssssss ffffffrrrrrrooooooommmmmmm aaaaaarrrrroooooouuuuuunnnnnnndddddd ttttttthhhhhhheeeeeee SSSSSSSSiiiiiiitttttttteeeeeeee

32

eeeeeeexxxxxxxxxxttttttttttteeeeeeeeeerrrrrriiiiiiiiiiioooorrr ppphhhhooootttooosssss ffrrooommm ccccoouurrttyyaarrdd

33

exterior ppphhhotooosss ffffrroooommmm aaarrroooooooooouuuuuuuuuuuuunnnnnnnnnndddddddddd tttttttttthhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee BBBBBBBBBBBBuuuuuuuuiiiiillllddddddddiiiiinnnnnngggggggg

34

ppppppppphhhhhhhhhooooootttttooooooooosssssss fffffffrrrrroooooooooommmmmmm aaaaaarrrrrrrrrrroooooooouuuuuuuuuuuunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnndddddddddddd ttttttttttttthhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeee SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSiiiiiiiitttttttttteeeeeeeeeeeeee

35

iiiiinnttttttteeeeeeeeeriorrrrr phooooooooottttttttoos ((((((GGGGGGoooooooooooorrrrrrrrrrrrrrrggggggggggggeee BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBuuuuuuuuuiillllding)

36

DRAWINGS

37

ground fl oor plan

38

fi rst fl oor (partial) plan

39

second fl oor plan

40

plans & sections

41

sketch for site plan

42

MOVEMENT

43

GATES GORGE entrances / all from ground level, south

COMMUNICATION B. entrances / ground, 1. & 2. level FLECHE B. entrances / ground & 1. level

access

4444

45

circulation

46

STRUCTURE

47

Gorgerreetthhinnkkiinngg tthhee GG

48

rethinking the Communication Building

49

rethinking the Flêche

50

51

rethinking the Building

52

SKETCHES

53

grreetthhiinnkkinngg the Building

54

rethinking thee Building

55

rreetthhiinnkkiinngg tthhee Building

56

rethinking thhe BBuuiillddiinngg

57

rethinking the Entrances

58

rooms with vaulted ceilings in the Building

59

~ 10 m

~ 21 m

typical room in Gorge Building

6066660000006600

61

space & material studies (Gorge Building)

62

MODEL PHOTOS

63

Gorge buildingttyyppiiccaaall ceeiilliinngg iinn GG

64

typical roommmmm iiinnnn GGGGoooorrrrgggeee bbbbbbuuuuuuiiiiiilllllldddddiiiinnnnngggg

65

ery buildingBBBBaattttee

66

19 STORIES

67

collage “memories of the Battery”

68

collage “Battery Apartment”

69

collage “Battery Art Studio”

70

collage “Battery Arts & Architecture School”

71

collage “Battery Theatre”

72

collage “Battery Fitness Center”

73

collage “Battery Museum”

74

collage “Battery Offi ce”

75

collage “Battery Spa”

76

collage “Battery Broadcasting”

77

collage “Battery Hostel”

78

collage “Café Battery”

79

collage “Battery Fishmarket”

80

collage “Battery Christmas Market”

81

collage “Battery Station”

82

collage “Battery Marina”

83

collage “Battery Beach”

84

collage “Secret Gardens of Battery”

85

collage “Battery Concert Venue”

86

MEDIA

87

Google search for “Battery

prison” in Estonian

88

Selection of newspaper articles on the topic of Battery

Sea Fortress-Prison from the year 2012.

“The Evil of Battery Prison set the house of

art historian Juhan Maiste on fi re”.

Postimees, 23.02.2012

“Urmas Reinsalu: Battery 2020 - something

for everyone”.

Eesti Päevaleht, 01.09.2012

“Battery prison is on sale with a starting

price of € 3 million”.

E24, 27.04.2012

89

“The War Museum would like to relocate

itself to Battery”.

Tallinna Postimees, 16.12.2012

“Mati Mandel: Battery into sufferings and

resistance museum!”

Postimees, 16.05.2012

“Evelyn Sepp: National merchandising of

sufferings should be ended”.

Postimees, 26.08.2012

90

IDEA 001

91

“UNFINISHED BUSINESS”

Battery Sea-Fortress Prison as a new Culture Hub of Tallinn as a project of combining:

cultural heritage and cultural program & empty buildings and homeless projects.

92

Estonian Public Broadcasting

Estonian Academy of Arts

Theatre NO99

a selection of “homeless” programmes in Tallinn

93

Estonian Public Broadcasting ~21.000 m²

Estonian Academy of Arts 26.738 m²

Theatre NO99 ~5000 m²

Culture Kilometer

Marina

need for space

94

Academy of Arts by SEA + EFFEKT, 2008

the old building was demolished; various problems

occured before starting to build the new one

95

Estonian Broadcasting by Nobel Arkitekter, 2007

various problems occured before starting to build

the new building

96

NO99 Straw Theatre by Salto, 2010

97

NO99 Straw Theatre by Salto, 2010

a temporary theatre of NO99

does not exist anymore

98

Blacks:

BXH

14 legs 3,5 x 7 m

3 borders 17x1,5 m

4 borders 16 x 0,5 m

4 borders 16 x 1 m

4 borders 16 x 1,5 m

1 backdrop (2 pieces) 9 x 7 m

1 1 housecurtain (2 pieces, pleated) 9 x 7 m

Projekcionscreen Studio (grey) 16 x 6 m

1 7-layered accoustic curtain over the whole width

Traveller tracks

2 Trumph 95 incl. accessories

Stage elements

40 stage elements 200 x 100 cm (500kg/m2)

Seating rake

seating rake for 336 people (incl. 4 wheelchair spaces) - 16 rows front

segment can be removed (rows 1-6)

Technical grid

grid iron in seating rake and stage area

Marley

marley “Vario” for stage area of 16 x 16m black/grey

Stage fl oor

sprung wooden parkett fl ooring

Truss

aluminium truss Litec QD 30 á 15 m black

Chainhoist

10 chainhoists DM Lodestar SWL 500kg (D8) 8-time controllsystem

Hand winch bars (BGV-C1)

5 bars á 15m long, SWL 100kg distributed load

Availability of additional materials can be arranged subject to prior reservation.

Tecnical Facilities Hall G- Stage

Halle G is a theatre that NO99

is thriving for

99

Halle G, MQ, Vienna

100

IDEA 002

101

Kova kallio Kõva kalju

Pehmeä kallio Pehme kalju

Meri Meri

Metroasema Metroojaam

Pasilan ratapiha-aluePasila depoo

Kaksoiskaupunki meren alla

Kaksiklinn mere all

Uppoluoto (Gråskärsbådan)Pinnaalune laid

Helsingin matalaHelsingi madal

Kansainvälinen laivaväyläRahvusvaheline laevaliin

Tallinnan matalaTallinn madal

MuugaMuuga

92

0 m

–50

–100

–150

–200

–250

80 60 40 20 0 km

120 km

92 km

57 km

50 km

35 km

Päijännetunneli Päijännetunnel

Helsinki–Tallinna-tunneliHelsinki–Tallinna tunneli

St Gotthardt -päätunneliSt Gotthardt peatunnel

Kanaalitunneli Kanalitunnel

Helsingin metroverkko *Helsingi metroovõrk *

Helsinki–Tallinna-tunneli verrattuna muihin tunneleihin

Helsingi–Tallinna tunnel teiste tunnelitega võrreldes

mk 4,02 suuso nenialanaaM *

mk 4,02 aso enulaaaM *

Talsinki 2010-2050

102

HELSINKIHELSINGI

Uppoluotouppoluoto

Helsingin matalaHelsingi madal

50

60

70

80

90

Helsinki–Tallinna-tunneliHelsingi–Tallinna tunnel

Vanha junarataverkkovanha raudteevõrk

TALLINNATALLINN

Tallinnan matalaTallinn Madal

10

20

30

40

Uus matalauusmadal

Talsinki 2010-2050

103

MetroasemaMetroojaam

Juna-asemaRongijaam

RaitiovaunupysäkkiTrammipeatus

Juna/metroRong/metroo

Maan allaMaa all

RaitiovaunuTramm

RakentamattaEhitamata

Lilleküla

Baldiski

Riisipere

Klooga-rand

Tallinna, Balti jaam Muuga

Kopli

j. Polska

Ülemiste

Aegeviidu

Tondi

Kivenlahti

Leppävaara

Vantaankoski

Helsinki-VantaanLentoasema

Itäkeskus

Pasila

Helsinki Rautatientori

Vuosaari

Mellunmäki

0-2050Talsinki 201

104

REFERENCES

105

BATTERY: http://www.patarei.org/eng/

TALLINN: http://www.tallinn.ee/eng/

WWW:

1 http://www.arhitektuurikeskus.ee/linnafoorumid/tallinn1/arenduskonseptsioon

2 http://pilt.delfi .ee/search/?query=kultuurikilomeeter&pageimg=1

3 http://www.sirp.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13398:tallinna-tead-

mistepohine-merepiir&catid=20:arhitektuur&Itemid=25

4 www.nobel.dk/

5 http://www.effekt.dk/

6 http://www.lethgori.dk/

7 http://pohuteater.no99.ee/pohuteater

8 http://www.salto.ee/

9 http://www.klint.envir.ee/klint/eng/index.html

10 http://www.geoeducation.info/geoturism/index.php

11 http://www.emhi.ee/index.php?nlan=eng

12 http://www.artun.ee/index.php?lang=eng

13 http://news.err.ee/

14 http://no99.ee/eng/

15 http://talsinki.net/

BOOKS:

1 PATAREI merekindlus ja vangla Tallinnas; Juhan Maiste,David Vseviov; Tallinn 2011

references

106