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Post Reconstruction Post Reconstruction AmericaAmerica
Westward MovementWestward Movement
Era of American CowboyEra of American Cowboy
Reasons for Westward Reasons for Westward MovementMovement
• Economic Opportunities in west
• Homestead Act–Free land out
west to anyone willing to farm the land
Reasons for Westward Reasons for Westward MovementMovement
• Southerners needed a new start after Civil War
• African-Americans moved out west to use their agricultural skills
Reasons for Westward Reasons for Westward MovementMovement
• Completion of Transcontinental Railroad made travel out west easier
ImmigrationImmigration
Old Immigrants (Pre-1871)Old Immigrants (Pre-1871)• Immigrated from
northern and western Europe
• Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden
New Immigrants (Post-New Immigrants (Post-1871)1871)
• Immigrated from southern and eastern Europe
• Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia, and present-day Hungary and Yugoslavia
• As well as Asia (China and Japan).
Reasons for ImmigrationReasons for Immigration
• Seeking freedom
• Better lives
• Escaping persecution
• JOBS!!!!
Ellis IslandEllis Island
• Processing center in New York for new immigrants from Europe
Ellis IslandEllis Island
• Statue of Liberty first sign of freedom and America as ships entered country
Angel Island Angel Island
• Processing center in California for immigrants entering from Asia
Contributions of Contributions of ImmigrantsImmigrants
ChineseChinese• Worked on
railroads
Irish (Ireland)Irish (Ireland)
• Worked on railroads
• Also worked in textile and steel mills
Italians/Slavs (Yugoslavia)Italians/Slavs (Yugoslavia)
• Worked in Coalmines
Poles (Poland)Poles (Poland)
• Worked in Coalmines
• Worked in Clothing Industry in New York
Problems facing Problems facing ImmigrantsImmigrants
AssimilationAssimilation
• Immigrants had trouble becoming a part of American culture–Did not speak English–Uneducated
• Public schools helped immigrants
Ethnic NeighborhoodsEthnic Neighborhoods
• City neighborhoods consisting of immigrants from the same culture
• Allowed immigrants to slowly learn American culture while keeping their own
Problems with Problems with ImmigrantsImmigrants
• Immigrants worked for less taking jobs from Americans
• Americans were scared of new religions and cultures
• Americans didn’t trust immigrants
Limits on Limits on ImmigrationImmigration
Chinese Exclusion Act of Chinese Exclusion Act of 18821882
• Put a limit on number of Chinese immigrants
Immigration Restriction Act Immigration Restriction Act of 1921of 1921
• Ended all immigration from Europe
• Although immigration dramatically slowed after these acts, immigrants continued to provide valuable contributions to American life