Poverty in ThailandPoverty in Thailand
The Second ASEANThe Second ASEAN++3 Seminar on Poverty 3 Seminar on Poverty Reduction Reduction
25-29 September 2006 ,Beijing25-29 September 2006 ,Beijing
Defining and Measuring Defining and Measuring PovertyPoverty
Poverty incidence is measured by Poverty incidence is measured by comparing per capita income against comparing per capita income against poverty linepoverty line
Poverty line is based on cost of basic Poverty line is based on cost of basic needs- food and non-food needs- food and non-food consumptionconsumption
Current poverty line: 1,242 Baht (as Current poverty line: 1,242 Baht (as of 2004)of 2004)
Thailand’s Poverty Thailand’s Poverty IncidenceIncidence
38.1832.50
25.04
17.03 18.7821.32
15.5511.25
44.91
5101520253035404550
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004Year
%
Poverty Ratio by RegionPoverty Ratio by Region
15.0539.16
48.04
55.94
44.94
10.9432.14
36.75
51.13
38.45
6.0021.20
35.56
47.35
29.37
2.8616.43
25.39
37.03
25.55
1.5811.19
16.80
25.65
17.20
1.6911.89
17.01
29.00
20.12
1.6210.49
23.45
35.03
17.06
2.228.04
18.71
23.74
13.85
1.645.09
16.24
17.16
7.82
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
BMR Central North Northeast South
Number and Ratio of Poverty by Group and Number and Ratio of Poverty by Group and AreasAreas
Ratio(%) Number(Million) 2000 2002 2004 2000 2002 2004
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Poor 8.7 27 6.7
19.7 4.9
14.3 1.6 11 1.3
8.2 1
6.1
Ultra Poor 4.9
16.6 3.4
11.2 2.3 6.9 0.9
6.9 0.7
4.7 0.5
2.9
Marginal Poor 3.8
10.3 3.3
8.5 2.6 7.4 0.7
4.3 0.6
3.5 0.5
3.2
Near Poor 4.1 9.9 3.8
9.3 3 8.3 0.7
4.1 0.7
3.9 0.6
3.6
Share of Income by Share of Income by QuintileQuintile
Share of income(%)Group Total Urban Rural
2000
2002
2004
2000
2002
2004
2000
2002
2004
Quintile 1
3.9
4.2
4.5
0.7
0.8
0.9
7.6
8.1
8.3
Quintile 2
7.3
7.7 8
1.9
2.2
2.7
13.3
13.9
13.5
Quintile 3
11.5
12.1
12.4
5.3
6.1
6.7
18.5
18.8
18.3
Quintile 4
19.5
20.1
20.2
16.7
17.2
17.7
23.3
23.3
22.7
Quintile 5 (richest)
57.5
55.9
54.9
75.4
73.6 72
37.3 36
37.1
Poverty Poverty AlleviatiAlleviati
ononStrategStrateg
yy
Pro-Poor Macro-
Economic Strategy
Strategy for Capability Building
Strategy for Social Safety
Net Improvement
Natural Resources
Management Strategy
Public Sector Restructuring
Strategy
Government Policy/Ninth PlanSufficiency Economy
Thailand Poverty Reduction StrategyThailand Poverty Reduction Strategy
Poverty Reduction Strategies and SelectedPoverty Reduction Strategies and Selected InterventionsInterventions
StrategiesStrategies Selected InterventionsSelected Interventions RemarksRemarksMacro&Micro Macro&Micro EconomicEconomicManagementManagement
Village and Urban Village and Urban Revolving Fund, People’s Revolving Fund, People’s Bank, OTOP, Soft loan Bank, OTOP, Soft loan for housingfor housing
Capacity Capacity Building andBuilding and Enhancing Enhancing EmploymenEmployment Ability t Ability
School bike program, School bike program, completion of completion of compulsory education & compulsory education & 12 yrs basic education12 yrs basic education
9 & 12 yrs 9 & 12 yrs ed. is in ed. is in pipeline to pipeline to be be implementeimplementedd
Social Social Protection and Protection and Social Safety Social Safety NetNet
Universal Health Universal Health Insurance Coverage, Insurance Coverage, cash transfer for cash transfer for indigent elderly indigent elderly
Poverty Reduction Strategies and SelectedPoverty Reduction Strategies and Selected InterventionsInterventions(continued)(continued)
StrategiesStrategies Selected InterventionsSelected Interventions RemarksRemarksNational National Resource Resource Management Management
Water resource Water resource management,management,Land settlement,Land settlement,Land reform schemeLand reform scheme
Streamlining Streamlining Public Public Administration Administration
Devolution of public Devolution of public resource management & resource management & responsibilities,responsibilities,Community action plan for Community action plan for poverty reduction poverty reduction
What is What is Community Community
PlanPlan A plan that is A plan that is formulated for the formulated for the development of development of community by community by community and community and for the community for the community itselfitself
A participant from A participant from members of the members of the community in the community in the process of process of formulationformulation
Self-relianceSelf-reliance Local resource and Local resource and
wisdomwisdom
Principles of Community Principles of Community PlanPlan
““explode from withinexplode from within " " / “knowing / “knowing oneself”oneself”
Area-based/Community based Area-based/Community based development: for by and of the development: for by and of the community: not for the government or community: not for the government or NGO agenciesNGO agencies
Participation from all sectorsParticipation from all sectors Other levels or agencies support but not Other levels or agencies support but not
guide/controlguide/control Community Information “know oneself”: Community Information “know oneself”:
reduces expenses, increases income reduces expenses, increases income and generates opportunitiesand generates opportunities
the Tenth National Economic and the Tenth National Economic and Social Development PlanSocial Development Plantowards the sustainable towards the sustainable
developmentdevelopment
1010thth Plan’s Five Development Plan’s Five Development StrategiesStrategies
Developing Thai society into a knowledge-Developing Thai society into a knowledge-based society and the potential of Thai peoplebased society and the potential of Thai people
Empowering communityEmpowering community with emphasis on with emphasis on social justice, promoting process of learning social justice, promoting process of learning and maintaining cultural diversity and and maintaining cultural diversity and indegenious wisdomindegenious wisdom
Economic restructuring to create sustainable Economic restructuring to create sustainable growth and competitivenessgrowth and competitiveness
Developing biological diversity and regulating Developing biological diversity and regulating the use of the country’s national resources the use of the country’s national resources and environmentand environment
Promoting the principles of good governance Promoting the principles of good governance
Summary of the Philosophy of Summary of the Philosophy of Sufficiency EconomySufficiency Economy
The Middle Path
Reasonableness Self-immunity
Moderation
balance / stability / sustainabilitylife / economy / social
Lead to
Moral Condition (honest, sincere, diligence,
perseverance, sharing)
Knowledge Condition(Know, prudence, care)
THANK YOU and SAWASDEETHANK YOU and SAWASDEE
