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Power from the waves
Global ocean wave energy resource(annual averages in kW/m width of wave)
3249
19
18
17
25
33
97
50
24
15
15
38
48102
92 70
38
19
21
5038
12
3414
40
43
7884
7248
37
10
20
18
41
Masuda buoy
Japanese wave-powerednavigation buoy, firstintroduced in 1960’s.Overall diameter 3m.Air turbine and 60W
generator, powered byoscillating water column.
Output stored inlead-acid batteries.
Flotation chamber
Oscillating air flow
Generator
NorwegianOWC schematic
Generator
Wells turbine
Circular splash guardwith annular spacefor air flow to turbine
OWC chamber
Norwegian OWC
500 kW prototypedevice on shoreline
near Stavanger.
Concrete OWCchamber toppedby steel tubular
tower. Single-rotorWells turbine.
Constructed in1985, destroyed by
storm in 1988
Prototype oscillating water column device, Portnahaven, Islay.Wells turbine and generator rated at 75 kW. Constructed
in 1985, de-commissioned in 1999
Islay prototype OWC schematic
OWC chamberWells turbine
Generator
500 kW rated, shoreline mounted oscillating water columndevice near Portnahaven, Islay
Aerial view of tapered channel wave power plant
Tapered channelSea
Reservoir
Turbine house (250 kW)
Wave Dragon
A Danish design: the arms amplify the incoming waveswhich spill over into a central chamber. Power take-off
uses simple low-head hydro power technology
An artist’simpression
of the device.
At full scale,it would be260 m wideand woulddevelop up to 4 MW
A 1/4.5 scale prototype Wave Dragon during sea trialsoff the Danish coast, 2003
Cockerell raft wave energy converterFunded under UK wave energy programme in the 1980s
Segmentedraft flexes
under waveaction. Powertake-off usinghigh-pressure
hydraulics.
1/10-scaleprototype
tested in theEnglishchannel
Salter’s DuckFunded under UK wave energy programme in the 1980s.
Schematic view of cross-sectionAngular motion between duck and spine actuates
hydraulic pumps for power take-off
Testing of ducks at about 1/10 scale in Loch Ness, late 1980s.Each duck is free to take up its own angular position relative
to the common spine
1/7 scale Pelamisin sea trials in the
Firth of Forth nearEdinburgh, 2001
Pelamis power conversion module
Hydraulic ram
High pressureaccumulator
Hydraulic motorand generator
Fluid reservoir
Hinged joint
Pelamis 750 kW prototype in transit to Orkney test centre