S N E L , S N E L , THE STATE POWER THE STATE POWER
UTILITY OF THE DRCUTILITY OF THE DRCPRESENTPRESENT
POWER HIGHWAYS FROM INGA SITE IN DRC
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
SOCIETE NATIONALE
D’ELECTRICITE
1. INTRODUCTION : DRC HYDRO POTENTIAL
3. POWER HIGHWAYS
4. CONCLUSION
3.1 Definition of Power Highways Concept
2. INGA HYDROELECTRIC SITE
2.1 Location and characteristics
2.2 Development scheme
3.2 Existing Interconnections
3.3 Planned Interconnections
2.3 Existing and future Installations
3.4 Investment Costs
3.5 Implementation of the Projects
MatadiMoanda
Lukula
Tshela
Inga
SangaKikwit
Masi-
Kenge Mweka
Tshikapa
Kananga
Lungudi
TshalaLubilanji
Kabinda
Kaniama
Mbanza-
Kongolo
Kabalo
Kasongo
Kalemie
Kindu
Goma
Bukavu
Kisangani
Bandundu
BulunguIlebo
Tembo
Idiofa
InongoInongo
MbandakaBoende
Basankusu
Lisala Bumba
GbadoliteLibenge
Zongo
Gemena
Mobayi
Buta
Kyimbi
Kamina
Beni
Butembo
Kilubi
KolweziLikasi
Lubumbashi
Boma
NsekeNzilo
KoniM´sha
Piana Mwanga
Lepudungu
Nepoko
Mugombe
KakobolaKitona
Katende
Gungu
Kinshasa
Kamimbi
Ruzizi
Yangambi
Isiro
Kisalala
Rutshuru
Semliki
manimba
Bamba
Feshi
Kahemba
Kasongo-
PopokabakaNgungu
Kimvula
Seke-Banza
Lunda
Zongo
Bagata
Mushie
Kutu
Inongo
Kiri
Oshwe
Mbuji Mayi
DembaDimbelenge
LusamboLubefu
Lodja
Kole
Katako-Kombe
Luebo
Dekese
Kazumba
Mwene-Ditu
Luiza
Lubao
Sakania
Kipushi
Tshopo
Mpozo
Mitwaba
ManonoMoba
Bukama
Malemba-Nkulu
Kasenga
NyunzuMani
Kabongo
Dilolo
Sandoa
Kapanga
Luozi
Kasanza
Ingende
Bikoro
Ruki
BefaleBolomba
Bongandanga
Bomongo
BudjalaKungu
Bosobolo
Businga
Monkoto
Bokungu
Ikela
Djolu
Bumba Aketi
DingilaBambesa
AngoBondo
Poko
Niangara
Rungu
M’zoro
Faradje
Mahagi
AruWatsa
Wamba
Bafwasende
BanaliaBasokoBengamisa
Isangi
YahumaBabeba
WageniaWanie-Rukula
UbunduOpala
MambasaIrumu
Budana
Bunia
SoleniamaDjugu
Kibombo
Fizi
MangembeKampene
PangiUvira
MwengaMungombe
WalunguShabunda
Moga
Shabunda
LulinguKabare
Kalehe
Existing 220 kV transmission line
Line in project
HVDC Inga - Kolwezi
Existing hydro power plant
Hydro power plant in project
Existing 110 - 132 kV transmission line
Existing thermal power plant
Legend
100 2000 300 400 500
Kilometers
1.1.1.1. DRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITES
ANDANDANDAND
POTENTIALPOTENTIALPOTENTIALPOTENTIAL
Hydro potential : 100.000 MW OF WHICH
� 56.000 MW at different sites spread all over the country ;
� 44.000 MW concentrated at the Inga site.
Equator
2.1 INGA SITE LOCATION
IIIIN N N N THE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGO
MatadiMoanda
Tshela
Boma
Kinshasa
Mbanza-NgunguINGA
15O km
225 km
* 225 km DOWNSTREAM FROMKINSHASA
* 150 km UPSTREAM BEFORETHE MOUTH OF THE CONGORIVER
DRC
2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS
a) EXCEPTIONNALLY
REGULAR RIVER FLOW
CONGO RIVER BASIN
- Basin Surface : 3.800.000 km2
- DRC Surface : 2.345.000 km2 Congo River
- On either side of the EquatorEquator
J F M A M J J A S O N D
60 000
MONTH
2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (ii)
b) SIGNIFICANT RIVER FLOW
Inter-annual Module40.000 m3/s
Historical Min (1905) :21.400 m3/s
Historical Max (1961) :83.400 m3/s
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
AV
ER
AG
ER
IVE
R F
LOW
(m3 /
s)
0
c) SIGNIFICANT NATURAL
SLOPE
102 m on a straight
distance of 15 km only
d) APPROPRIATE
TOPOGRAPHY FOR
FOR A PROGRESSIVE
EQUIPMENT OF THE
SITE
2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (iii)
INGA SITE GENERAL
VIEWSIKILA Island
15 k
m
BU
ND
I R
iver
EO
N
S
e) LOW GENERATION
COSTSf)
POTENTIAL
OF SITE
± 44.000 MW
320 TWh/year
WILD
ENERGY
WASTED
INGA =
MOST POWERFULHYDRO-POWERIN THE WORLD
� Installed kW :
671 to 339 USD/kW
� Produced Energy :
1,44 to 1,08 USc/kWh
Before :•
- «Three Gorges» (China) : 18.000 MW- «Itaipu» (Brazil/Paraguay) : 12.000 MW
2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (iv)
2.2 DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
MAIN WORKS
Dam the River
Evacuators
Restitution Channels
Water intake Channels
Inga I
Inga II
Inga III
Grand Inga
Matamba Dam
Bundi Dam
2. 3 EXISTING POWER STATIONS
INGA I INGA II
Commissioned in
Water head (m)
TurbineWater flow (m 3/s)
Number of units
Installed Capacity (MW)
Production (TWh/an)
1972
50
780
6
351
2,4
1982
58
2.800
8
1.424
10,4
INGA I
INGA II
INGA I
2.4 PLANNED POWER STATIONS
INGA III Gd INGA
Water head (m)
TurbineWater flow (m 3/s)
Number of units
Installed Capacity (MW)
Production (TWh/an)
60
6.300
16
3.500
23,5
150
26.400
52
39.000
288,0
GRAND INGA
INGA 3
3.1DEFINITION OF
POWER HIGHWAY CONCEPT
POWER HIGHWAY
=
LARGE POWER
Pmin = 1000 MW
TRANSMISSION
CORRIDOR
POWER HIGHWAYS FROM INGA SITE
Northern Route
North Route (alternative route)
Southern Route (Eastern corridor)
Southern Route (Western corridor)
Western Route
LEGEND
Existing sub-Stations
Planned sub-Stations
� Interconnection Projects
� Converter Sub-Stations
CO
NG
O
LIBYEALGERIE
MAROC TU
NIS
IE
NIGERMALI
MAURITANIE
SAH
ARA O
cc.
COTED’IVOIRE
GUINEE
GH
AN
A
TO
GO
BE
NIN
SENEGALGAMBIE
SIERRA LEONE LIBERIA
BURKINAFASO
GUINEE EQU.
LESOTHO
SWAZILAND
MO
ZAM
BIQUE
MA
DA
GA
SC
AR
MA
LA
WI
TANZANIA
KENYA
OU
GAN
DA
R.
B.
SOM
ALIE
ETHIOPIE
DJIBOUTI
ERITREE
GUINEE-BISSAU
COMORES
SAO TOME &PRINCIPE
TCHADSOUDAN
RCA
NIGERIA
ANGOLA
AFRIQUE DU SUD
BOTSWANA
INGAINGAINGAINGA
EGYPTE
CAMEROUN
GABON
NAMIBIE
ZIMBABWE
ZAMBIE
REP. DEM. CONGO
3.2 EXISTING INTERCONNECTORS
RSA
DEM. REP. OF CONGO
Voltage Type
Length (km)
Line Capacity (MW)
Capacity ofConverters (MW)
Remarks
SPECIAL SECTIONS
Inga - Kolwezi
DC
1.774
1.120
560
Plannedrehabilitation
and upgrading
Karavia - Luano
AC
144
340
-
Plannedreinforcement
INGA
Karavia
Matimba
Luano
Kariba N/S
Phokoje
Kolwezi
Insukamini
DRC-ZAMBIA-ZIMBABWE-BOTSWANA-SA Interconnection : 3.676 km
( Inga - Kolwezi - Karavia - Luano - Kariba North -
- Kariba South - Insukamini – Phokoje - Matimba )
3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (i)« Northern Highway »
Voltage type
Length
Power Demand
Converter Stations
Tapping Stations
Investment Cost(by 2012)
Studies Completed
Direct current
5.300 km
4.000 MW (ph.1)
- Inga (DRC) - Cairo (Egypt)
- Boali (CAR)- El Fasher/Sudan
5.753 Mio USD
- Pre feasibility (1994) - feasibility (1997)
NORTHERN HIGHWAY(Inga – Boali – El Fasher - Cairo)
Dem. Rep. Of CONGO
TCHADEl Fasher
RCA
EGYPTE
INGA
SOUDAN
Boali
Le Caire
3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (ii)« Southern Highway - Eastern Corridor »
Voltage type
Length
Power Demand
Converter Stations
Investment Cost(by 2007)
Study completed
mixed AC/DC
3.676 km
1.000 MW(after upgrading)
- Inga (DRC) - Kolwezi (DRC)
569 Mio USD
feasibility (1997)
SOUTHERN HIGHWAYEastern Corridor
(Inga-Luano-Kariba-Insukamini-Matimba)
ZAMBIE
ZIMBABWE
AFRIQUE DU SUD
Dem. Rep. OF CONGO
INGA
Karavia
Matimba
Luano
Kariba N/S
PhokojeBOTSWANA
Kolwezi
Insukamini
3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (iii)« Southern Highway – Western corridor »
Voltage type
Length
Power Demand
Converter Stations
Investment Cost(by 2009)
Study completed
mixed AC/DC
2.734 km
1.000 MW
- Cambambe(Angola)
- Auas (Namibia)
1.052 Mio USD
Pre feasibility(1998)
SOUTHERN HIGHWAYWESTERN Corridor
(Inga – Cambambe – Auas – Aries)
ANGOLA
NAMIBIE
AFRIQUE DU SUD
Dem. Rep. Of CONGO
INGA
Cambambe
Aries
Auas
3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (iv)« Western Highway »
Voltage type
Length
Power Demand
Converter Stations
Tapping Station
Investment Cost(by 2007)
Study completed
Direct Current
1.600 km
6.000 MW (Ph.1)
- Inga (DRC) - Calabar (Nigeria)
(Cameroon)
600 Mio USD
pre-evaluation(1998)
WESTERN HIGHWAY(Inga – Lagos)
Dem. Rep. Of CONGOCO
NG
O
GABON
CAMEROUN
NIGERIA
NIGERMALI
ivoryCOAST G
HA
NA
TO
GO
BE
NIN
BURKINAFASO
GUINEE EQU.
SAO TOME &PRINCIPE
INGA
Calabar
3.4 SUMMARY TABLE OF INVESTMENT COSTS
Inga 1 & 2 Rehabilitation• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)
Inga 3 Power Station• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)
Grand Inga Power Station• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)
Power HighwaysInvestment Costs (Mio USD)
• Northern Highway• Southern Highway /East• Southern Highway /West• Western Highway
Total Cost (in Mio USD)
BY THE YEAR
2007 2012 2017 2023TOTAL
-569
-600
2009
6.0004.0004.024
1.7751.540103
3.5002.7503.500
5.753 --x
--
1.052
1.272 4.552 > 9.777
12.7508.0001.471
4.858 ---
19.50012.0001.471
4.649 ---
6.329 6.200
103
3.500
6.966
15.260569
1052> 600
> 28.050
THUS , INGA RAPIDS WHICH
� YESTERDAY WERE
� A major Obstacle for navigation
� ARE TO DAY
� a factor of development of African Cooperation
� a factor of peace and stability between Africannations
� a back up for Africa’s industrial integration through the NEPAD
� a factor of environment preservation for thosecountries that will be receiving energy from Inga