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APRACTICAL TRANING SEMINAR

ON

PLCCPURSUED

AT

JVVNL

2015-2016 GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED BY: Mr. Rahul Gupta Madhusudhan Agarwal (Asst. Prof., ECE Dept.) (PIET/EC/12/065)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Poornima Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Jaipur

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Table of Contents• Introduction• Definition• History• Types of Equipments• Working• Applications• Pros and Cons• Limitations• Future Scope• References• Conclusion

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carrier

Power line

Transmission

Power

frequency

Light

POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

Communica

tion

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If you Observe Home, Along side road, Internet Lan, Telephone line, Power lines, High Tension lines , At Power Stations, and many more.

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Definition

Fig 1.a

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HomeMeter

Transmission LineData

signal

Parameter1.Voltage2.Current3.Power4.Frequency

RTU(ADC)

Analog signal Display

unit

Is Normal 50Hz

Okay

yes Inform

GSS

Control

No

FrequencyModulation

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Fig 1.1

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History• The first significant step in the field was when two

patents were issued to American Telephone and Telegraph Company in the name of 'Carrier Transmission over Power Circuits' in 1920.

• in 1924 two other patents were filed for the systems transmitting and receiving communication signals over three phase power lines.

.

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About JVVNL

1. Rajasthan State Electricity Board started working from 1st june 1957

2. On 19th July 2000 Government of Rajasthan divided RESB in five part so that board will run efficiently

3. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Ltd.(RVUN), the generation Company. 4. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd.,(RVPN), the transmission

Company. 5. Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.,(JVVNL) , a regional distribution company. 6. Ajmer Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.(AVVNL) a regional distribution company. 7. Jodhpur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd.(JdVVNL) a regional distribution company

Contact Details Vidyut Bhawan, Jaipur, Rajasthan

E-mail : info@rajenergy.comWebsite: http://www.rajenergy.com/rseb.htm

8.

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JAIPUR VIDYUT VITRAN NIGAM LIMITED (Jaipur Discom) is engaged in distribution and supply of electricity in 12 districts of Rajasthan, namely Jaipur, Dausa, Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Kota, Bundi, Baran, Jhalawar, Sawaimadhopur, Tonk and Karauli.

JVVNL

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Equipments Of PLCC

Indoor Equipment`s:- Indoor Equipments consists of a batteries bank of battery charger of required ratings and carrier sets. Battery used in the system has 48V/DC.

Outdoor Equipment`s:- Equipments which are outside the control room, in yard are called outdoor equipments.

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EQUIPMENTS

• OUTDOOR EQUIPMENT1. Line Trap2. Line Matching Unit3. Balancing Transformer4. High Frequency Cable5. Capacitor Voltage Transformer

• INDOOR EQUIPMENT1. Carrier Terminal2. Lighting Arrester3. Battery Charger4. EPAX5. PLCC Cabinet

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OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS LINE TRAP

1. It is also called "Wave trap". 2. It is connected in series with the power

(transmission) line. 3. It blocks the high frequency carrier waves

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Specification

1.Operating voltage 145KV RMS

2.Operating Current 31KA

3.Type of tuning Board Band

4.Material use Non-Magnetic

5.Capacitance 13200pF

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OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTSBALANCING TRANSFORMER

1. Balancing transformer (BT) is used when phase to phase communication system is used for balancing the two LMU

2. The diagram of balancing transformer is shown in figure 3.1. As shown in diagram is very less in size but it is play a vital role in power line carrier communication.

Fig 3.1: Balancing Transformer (BT)

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OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS

1.HIGH FREQUENCY CABLE (HFC):It is used to carry the signal from PLCC cabinet to switch yard

2.LINE MATCHING UNIT: Tuning Device is the combination of R-L-C circuits which act as filter circuit. LMU is also known as Coupling Device. Together with coupling capacitor, LMU serves the purpose of connecting effectively the Audio/Radio frequency signals to either transmission line or PLC terminal and protection of the PLCC unit from the over voltages

3.CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER: It allows to pass the frequency to line. It provides low impedance path for carrier energy to HV line and blocks the power frequency. Circuit by being a high impedance path easily

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Specification(LMU)

1.Operating voltage 25.5-70.7V

2.Maximum watt 16W

3.Impendence 8 ohm

4.Frequency 50-15khz

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Specification(CVT)

1.Operating voltage 145KV

2.Voltage Factor 1.5

3.Temperature 55 degree C

4.Frequency 50hz

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INDOOR EQUIPMENTS PLCC CABINET

1. It is installed in control room.

2. It has two sections:

3.Transmitter: In this, voice frequency (VF) is amplified

and then modulated to intermediate frequency (IF) and

amplified, modulated into HF and then transmitted.

4. Receiver: In this section HF signal is received and

then demodulated from HF to IF and connected to the

tale phone. Fig-1(a)PLCC Cabinet

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INDOOR EQUIPMENTS LIGTHING ARRESTER

1. The ground wires running over the towers provides an adequate protection against lighting called L.A.

2. It reduced the induced electrostatic or electromagnetic voltage.

A good light arrester must pass the following properties:3. It should not absorb any current during normal

operation.

4. After the over voltage discharge, it must be capable of interrupting the normal frequency of current

LIGHTNING ARRESTORFig-2

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INDOOR EQUIPMENTS

1.BATTERY CHARGER: It is used for 48 volts DC supply

2.CARRIER TREMINAL: The 9505 PLC terminals are intended for transmission of speech, telemetering, teleidication and tele protection in the signal carrier frequency

3.EPAX: It consist of PLCC carrier equipment and related electromechanically switching equipment`s like EPAX to provide voice communication

Fig-3

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Specification(LA)

1.Voltage 12-42KV

2.Current 500A

3.Temperature 50 degree C

4.Frequency 50hz

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Specification(PLCC)

1.Voltage 132KV

2.Current 1250A

3.Radio Interference voltage <500uV

4.Impendence 570ohm

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  BATTERY CHARGER 

1. PLCC (Power Line Carrier Communication) works on rectified AC or main

power supply.

2. When supply goes off, we use BATTERY CHARGER for proper functioning

of PLCC.

3. It provides supply to the PLCC equipment for uninterrupted working.

4. It provides DC to the panel by battery of 48V. In this type 24 batteries are

connected in series and individually per battery has approximately 2V

capacity.

 

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ADVANTAGES2

1. The cost is less because no separate wires are needed

for communication purposes

2. Power lines have appreciably higher mechanical

strength compared with ordinary lines.

3. Power lines usually provide the shortest route between

the power stations.

4. Carrier signals suffer much less attenuation because

power lines have large cross-sectional area

5. Power lines are well insulated to provide only

negligible leakage between conductors and ground even

in adverse weather conditions

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DISADVANTAGES

1. Proper care has to be taken to guard carrier equipment.

2. High voltages and currents

3. Due to Reflections attenuation increases and creates

problem.

4. Noise introduced by power lines is far more than in case of

telephone lines.

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Application

1.Prevent losses2.Transmission & Distribution Network

3.Home control and Automation4.Security Systems

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Limitations Electro-Magnetic Radiation Issues Noise interference Security Addressing issue

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Future Scope

1. Industrial Automation2. System Protection3. OPGW

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Conclusion1. For communication purpose between the power systems, PLCC plays a vital role

2.For better reliability between interconnected systems PLCC is must

3.I have gained a wonderful experience and practical knowledge in this training period

4.I also learnt the importance of PLCC in power system

5. Without PLCC a large power system cannot be assumed

6.I am also thankful to those who had been helpful during my training period

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References1. http

://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=6201240

2. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2013/712376/3. http://web.archive.org/web/20090214043341/http://www.rempli.or

g/4. http://www.isplc.org/docsearch/Proceedings/1997/pdf/0563_001.pd

f5. yamar.com/home/dcbus-ics6. http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1201/b16540-157. http://web.archive.org/web/20090520004013/http://

www.powerq.com.my/telecommunication/distribution-line-carrier-system

9. https://www.iiit.kit.edu/english/2161.php10.http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0714/ijsrp-p3152.pdf11.http://research.ijcaonline.org/comnet/number1/comnet1001.pdf12.http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470740302.ht

ml

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13.http://web.archive.org/web/20090520004013/http://www.powerq.com.my/telecommunication/distribution-line-carrier-system

14.https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140910024219-302442873-power-line-carrier-communication-plcc

15.http://www.quora.com/What-is-the-use-of-a-wave-trap-coupling-capacitor-and-line-matching-unit-in-power-line-carrier-communication-PLCC

16.http://www.finetopix.com/showthread.php?19780-Ebook-Power-Line-Communications

17.http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/5558.pdf18.http://

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.453.176&rep=rep1&type=pdf

19.http://www.isplc.org/docsearch/Proceedings/1999/pdf/0566_001.pdf20.IEEE Guide for Power-Line Carrier Applications. An American National

Standard.ANSI/IEEE std 643-1980. IEEE, 1980.

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Any Doubts

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Thank You