Class NotesTopic: ________________________

Questions/Main Ideas:

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Date _____________________________________Notes:

Power Notes – Atomic Structure

1. All Matter

2. What are Atoms?

• Is made up of tiny particles called atoms.

• Smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still keep its properties.

• EX: one atom of gold still has all the properties of gold….but if you split the atom it is no longer gold.

3. How do we know what we know about atoms?

4. How big is the atom?

• Most of what we know was discovered throughout history from indirect observations.(without ever seeing an image)

• The diameter is about one hundred-millionth of a centimeter (0.00000001 cm)

6. What is a proton?

7. What is a neutron?

• Found in the nucleus (center) of the atom

• No charge• Mass of 1 amu

5. What are the basic particles of an atom?

There are three different types of particles; protons, neutrons and electronsThey are called subatomic particles

• Found in the nucleus (center) of the atom

• Positively charged• Mass of 1 amu (atomic mass

unit)

9. What charge does the nucleus have? Why?

8. What is an electron?

• Found orbiting outside the nucleus of the atom

• Negative charge• Mass of 1/1840 amu• This particle determines how

the element will bond• This particle also determines

the charge of the atom

• Positive• Only protons (+) and neutrons

(no charge) in the nucleus• No other particles to cancel

out the + particles in this space

11. Which part of the atom has the most mass?

12. What does a model of the atom look like?

• Pg. 174 in your text. • Label: proton, neutron, electron &

nucleus. • Label their charges. • Color each particle a different color

10. What part of the atom take up the most space?(volume)

• The electron cloud• EX: If the center of an atom was the

size of a bee, the atom would be as big as a football stadium

• The nucleus (contains protons and neutrons)

• Both subatomic particles have 1 amu

14. What charge do the atoms have?

15. Are there atoms that are charged?

• Yes, they are called IONS• Ions will have more or less electrons than

protons• PLASMAS contain IONS

13. If all elements are made up of atoms, how do we know which element we are looking at?

• Each element has their own unique amount of protons

• No two elements have the same amount of protons

• Count the protons in the nucleus and you can identify what element you are looking at

• Atoms found on the Periodic Table are electronically neutral.

• They have the same # of protons (+) and electrons (-),.

• Their charges cancel each other out.

17. How do you read the Periodic Table box? (pg. 196)

18. The atomic number tell you the number of?

• # of Protons• # of Electrons if the atom is neutral

16. Periodic Table Connection

• Each element box contains all the information for finding the number of subatomic particles

• Label the CARBON box using the key on pg. 196

20. How do you find the # of neutrons

21. How do you know which is the most common ISOTOPE of an element?

• Round the atomic mass• EX: Li 6.9 Most common Isotope = Li 7• Cu 63.5 Most common Isotope = Cu 64

19. The atomic mass tells you the number of?

• Protons plus the number of Neutrons

• In other words: the mass of the nucleus

• Round the atomic mass to the nearest whole #

• Subtract the Atomic Number from the Atomic Mass

• Your answer represents the # of neutrons in the most common isotope of an element

23. What is an example of an ISOTOPE?

24. Illustrate, Label & Color the 3 different forms of Hydrogen (pg. 175)

*Clue: Tritium has one electron & 1 proton….how many neutrons?

22. What is an ISOTOPE?

• Same element with a different # of neutrons

• Hydrogen 1, 2 & 3 or Protium, Deutirium and Tritium

• All have 1 proton• Different # of neutrons in the nucleus

25. How are the ISOTOPES similar?

• Same # of protons• Same element

Review:

Use your notes to help answer the Review questions.

1. Introduction to Density + Cornell Notes- Due Wednesday

2. Corrections+ Parent Signature on Test #2 – Due Friday

End of the Quarter is Friday.