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{ Power Plant cycle for Power Plant cycle for Main plant Main plant By By Raj Rampally Raj Rampally
8/2/2019 Power Plant Water and Steam Cycle
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Power Plant cycle for Power Plant cycle for Main plantMain plant
ByBy
Raj RampallyRaj Rampally
8/2/2019 Power Plant Water and Steam Cycle
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/power-plant-water-and-steam-cycle 2/8
The coal from the coal jetty is bought to the GroundThe coal from the coal jetty is bought to the Ground
Hopper system located in the site.Hopper system located in the site.
Through Stacker Through Stacker reclaimer reclaimer the coal from coal stock yardthe coal from coal stock yardis sent to the crusher house through conveyor belt.is sent to the crusher house through conveyor belt.
In the crusher house the coal is being crushed to the sizeIn the crusher house the coal is being crushed to the size
of up to 6 to 8 mm.of up to 6 to 8 mm.
The coal is sent from crusher house to coal bunkers.The coal is sent from crusher house to coal bunkers.
Usually there will be 4 to 5 coal bunkers for the storage.Usually there will be 4 to 5 coal bunkers for the storage.
From the coal bunker the coal Is transferred to Boiler From the coal bunker the coal Is transferred to Boiler
Furnace bed.Furnace bed.
Coal Linkage to boiler Coal Linkage to boiler
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The coal directly falls on the furnace bed, the bed it self isThe coal directly falls on the furnace bed, the bed it self is
filled with fine sand and the necessary fuel for start up of thefilled with fine sand and the necessary fuel for start up of thepower plant is LDO.power plant is LDO.
The burners would be located both on the bottom and top of The burners would be located both on the bottom and top of
the bed.the bed.
Through the burners the coal get ignited, the LDO is used asThrough the burners the coal get ignited, the LDO is used as
a start up only.a start up only.
What's happening onWhat's happening on
Furnace bed?Furnace bed?
8/2/2019 Power Plant Water and Steam Cycle
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The furnace is formed by water wall tubes. TheThe furnace is formed by water wall tubes. Thewater wall tubes are designed in such a way thatwater wall tubes are designed in such a way thatit forms a boiler surrounding the Furnace Bed.it forms a boiler surrounding the Furnace Bed.
The water wall tubes are connected to the boiler The water wall tubes are connected to the boiler drum which is the major component for formationdrum which is the major component for formationof steam.of steam.
The boiler drum as got other separators in it andThe boiler drum as got other separators in it andit half filled with the water and same water isit half filled with the water and same water iscirculated through the water wall tubes for circulated through the water wall tubes for formation of steamformation of steam..
What exactly forms a FurnaceWhat exactly forms a Furnace??
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The water to the boiler drum is pumped using the BFP motorsThe water to the boiler drum is pumped using the BFP motors
which vary with size depending in the capacity of the plant.which vary with size depending in the capacity of the plant. The water is primarily sent to HP heater The water is primarily sent to HP heater --1 and HP heater 1 and HP heater --2 to2 to
reach up to the a temperature of 245 Degrees.reach up to the a temperature of 245 Degrees.
The water is sent to Economizer and thus further theThe water is sent to Economizer and thus further the
temperature is increased and the same water is sent to Boiler temperature is increased and the same water is sent to Boiler
drum and th
us to water wall tubes.drum and th
us to water wall tubes. Due to the temperatures around the water wall tubes the water Due to the temperatures around the water wall tubes the water
which is formed at the bottom of the bed is sent to drum usingwhich is formed at the bottom of the bed is sent to drum using
risers.risers.
Water to Boiler DrumWater to Boiler Drum ..
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The boiler drum has various sources of inletsThe boiler drum has various sources of inlets
and outletsand outlets
The water The water fromfrom Economizer.Economizer.
The water The water fromfrom Risers.Risers.
Water Water toto Down comersDown comers SteamSteam toto Super Heater.Super Heater.
Boiler DrumBoiler Drum
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The steam from the Boiler drum is sent to Super Heater which The steam from the Boiler drum is sent to Super Heater which
further increases the temperatures of steam up to 540further increases the temperatures of steam up to 540
Degrees.Degrees. The super heater is connected to Turbine through main steamThe super heater is connected to Turbine through main steam
line and the steam hits the HP turbine blades at a pressure of line and the steam hits the HP turbine blades at a pressure of
132.4 Bar and 540 Degrees for turbine rotation.132.4 Bar and 540 Degrees for turbine rotation.
Turbine usually have 3 stages HP,IP,LP located on the singleTurbine usually have 3 stages HP,IP,LP located on the single
shaft.shaft. After the HP turbine the steam which falls of pressure and After the HP turbine the steam which falls of pressure and
temperature will be sent to retemperature will be sent to re--heater where it builds up theheater where it builds up the
temp and through reheat line the steam is sent to IP turbine ,temp and through reheat line the steam is sent to IP turbine ,
and from the IP the unutilized steam hits the LP turbineand from the IP the unutilized steam hits the LP turbine..
Turbine Cycle and operationTurbine Cycle and operation
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The primary principle of condenser is to convert steam toThe primary principle of condenser is to convert steam towater. After the LP turbine the unused steam is collected inwater. After the LP turbine the unused steam is collected inthe condenser and through condenser extraction pump thethe condenser and through condenser extraction pump thewater is sent to make up water tank near BFP.water is sent to make up water tank near BFP.
In between certain stages of the water is also included in thisIn between certain stages of the water is also included in thisfeed water cycle.feed water cycle.
The Unused steam sent from IPThe Unused steam sent from IP--Turbine to LP Heaters, thereTurbine to LP Heaters, therewill be series of LP heaters depending on the plant capacity.will be series of LP heaters depending on the plant capacity.
All the water is sent through De All the water is sent through De--aerator to the BFP make upaerator to the BFP make uptank.tank.
Even the Water collected at the LP turbine also is sent to theEven the Water collected at the LP turbine also is sent to theLP HP heaters.LP HP heaters.
The Main objective of interconnecting everything is toThe Main objective of interconnecting everything is tocomplete a closed cycle where the maximum utilization of thecomplete a closed cycle where the maximum utilization of theresources is done and by increasing the boiler efficiency.resources is done and by increasing the boiler efficiency.
Condenser Condenser
