Indian Power Sector

Submitted By:Himani Garg (4004)Neha Bhattacharyya(4007)Shalvi (4008)

Power sector in INDIA0 The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 205.34

Gig watt (GW) as of June 2012, the worlds fifth largest.0 Thermal power plants constitute 68% of the installed capacity,

hydroelectric about 16% and rest being a combination of wind, small hydro, biomass, waste-to- electricity, and nuclear.

0 In terms of fuel, coal-fired plants account for 56% of India’s installed electricity capacity, compared to South Africa’s 92%; China’s 77%; and Australia’s 76%. After coal, hydropower accounts for 19%, renewable energy for 12% and natural gas for about 9%.

0 India is the worlds fourth largest energy consumer after United States, China and Russia

History 0 The first demonstration of electric light was conducted in Calcutta on

24 July 1879.0 The first hydroelectric installation in India was installed near a tea

estate at Sidrapong for the Darjeeling Municipality in 1897.0 The first hydroelectric power station in Jammu and Kashmir was

established at Mohra in Baramulla by Maharaja Partap Singh in 1905.0 Company (B.E.S.T.) set up a generating station in 1905 to provide

electricity for the tramway.0 The first electric train ran between Bombay’s Victoria Terminus and

Kurla along the Harbour Line.

Types OF Energy Sources In INDIA

Predominant Sources of Power in India

0Thermal Power Energy0Nuclear Power Energy0Hydro-Electric Power Energy0Solar Energy0Wind Energy0Geo-Thermal 0Tidal Wave Energy0Bio-mass Energy

Thermal Power Energy0 Thermal power plants convert energy rich fuel into electricity and

heat. Possible fuels include coal, natural gas, petroleum products, agricultural waste and domestic trash / waste.

0 Coal and lignite accounted for about 67% of India’s installed capacity.

0 India’s electricity sector consumes about 80% of the coal produced in the country

NUCLEAR POWER0 India has 4.8 GW of installed electricity generation capacity using

nuclear fuels.0 India’s Nuclear plants generated 32455 million units or 3.75% of

total electricity produced in India.0 India’s nuclear power plant development began in 1964 by commissioning of two boiling water reactors at Tarapur.

HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER0 India is one of the pioneering countries in establishing hydro-electric

power plants. The power plants at Darjeeling and Shimsha (Shivanasamudra) were established in 1898 and 1902 respectively and are among the first in Asia.

0 India is endowed with economically exploitable and viable hydro potential assessed to be about 84,000 MW at 60% load factor. In addition, 6,780 MW in terms of installed capacity from Small, Mini, and Micro Hydel schemes have been assessed. used form of renewable energy.

0 India is blessed with immense amount of hydro-electric potential and ranks 5th in terms of exploitable hydro- potential on global scenario.

Nagarjuna Dam in Karnataka over Krishna River(Largest Masonry Dam in the World)

Solar Energy 0 India is bestowed with solar irradiation ranging from 4 to 7

kWh/square meter/day across the country, with western and southern regions having higher solar incidence.

0 India is endowed with rich solar energy resource. India receives the highest global solar radiation on a horizontal surface.

0 Government of India launched its Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission.

0 The first Indian solar thermal power project (2X50MW) is in progress in Phalodi Rajasthan.

Solar Panels at Gujarat

Wind Energy0 India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world. 0 The largest wind power generating state is TAMIL NADU

accounting for 30% of installed capacity, followed in decreasing order by Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Rajasthan.

0 The state of Gujarat is estimated to have the maximum gross wind power potential in India, with a potential of 10.6 GW.

GEO-THERMAL ENERGY0 India’s geothermal energy installed capacity is experimental at the

moment. So commercial use is insignificant.0 India has about 340 hot springs spread over the country. Of this, 62

are distributed along the northwest Himalaya, in the States of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

0 Andaman and Nicobar arc is the only place in India where volcanic activity geo-thermal energy is present.

TIDAL WAVE ENERGY0 India is surrounded by sea on three sides, its potential to harness tidal

energy is significant.0 The Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf of Kutch on India’s west coast

where the maximum tidal range is 11 m and 8 m with average tidal range of 6.77 m and 5.23 m respectively AND 4m is sufficient.

0 Barrage technology could harvest about 8 GW from tidal energy in India, mostly in Gujarat.

0 Potential along the Indian coast is between 5 MW to 15 MW per meter, suggesting a theoretical maximum potential for electricity harvesting from India’s 7500 kilometer coast line may be about 40 GW.

BIO-MASS POWER0 In this system biomass, bagasse, forestry and agro residue &

agricultural wastes are used as fuel to produce electricity.0 In 2011, India started a new initiative with the aim to demonstrate

medium size mixed feed biogas-fertilizer pilot plants. This technology aims for generation, purification/enrichment, bottling and piped distribution of biogas.

0 India has additionally commissioned 158 projects under its Biogas based Distributed/Grid Power Generation programme, with a total installed capacity of about 2 MW.

Top Power & Energy Companies in India

0 NTPC0 NHPC0 Tata Power0 Reliance Power0 Adani Power0 Damodar Valley Corporation0 Lanco Infratech0 SJVN

NTPC: A Public Sector0NTPC is India’s largest power producer and the 6th

largest thermal power producer in the world, with install capacity of 41,184MW.

0By 2023, NTPC plans to reach 128,000MW power capacity.

0 It also have diversified into hydro power, coal mining, power equipment manufacturing, oil and gas exploration, power trading and distribution.

NTPC: A Public Sector Success0During the FY-13, NTPC’s sales increased at a rate of

12.3% and the profit at a rate of 10.5%.0NTPC accounts for 18.5% of India’s capacity, though it

contributes 27.4% of total power generation.0Currently 17,909MW of capacity is under-construction.

Net Profit of NTPC

FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY130

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1.5

1.9 1.8 1.92.1 2

2.3

Net Profit(USD Billion)

Net Profit

Tata Power: A Private Sector Success

0During FY06-12, Tata Power’s profit increased at a rate of 11.5%.

0The company has a installed generation capacity of 8,521MW in India and is present in all segment of the power sector.

0The company is eyeing the clean energy sector, it has recently acquired stake in two Australian companies in the sector.

Net Income of Tata Power

FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY120

50

100

150

200

250

300

138154

216201 198 206

244

Net Income

(USD Million)

Reliance Power: The Immerging Company

0Reliance power has 2,500MW of operational capacity and over 20,000MW under implementation.

0 It has three captive coal blocks in India, with aggregate coal reserves of around 2 billion tonnes and three coal concessions in Indonesia, with estimated coal resource of another 2 billion tonnes.

0 in FY12, the Rosa plant recorded annual generation of 8 billion units.

Revenue & Net Profit

FY10 FY11 FY12 FY130

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

178

421

577

973

144 167 181 186

Total IncomeNet Profit

USD Million

Electricity Demand Forecast

FY07 FY12 FY17(E) FY220

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

690969

1392

1915

Demand

DemandLinear (Demand)

• Demand for Electricity is expected to expand at a rate of 7.5% over FY07-22 to 1,915TWh.

• Current production levels are not enough to meet the demand, annual dean outstrips supply by about 7.5%.

Overall Power Sector Scenario

Continued…

Opportunities 0Growing Demand.

0 Expansion in industry activity to boost demand for electricity.

0 Growing population and increasing penetration per-capita usage to provide further impetus.

0 Power consumption is estimated to increase from 821.2Twh in 2013 to a estimated 1433.2Twh in 2022.

Continued…

0Higher Investment.0 Total FDI inflows in the power sector touched USD 7.8

billion in April2000-March2013, accounting for 4% of total FDI inflow in India.

0 Major investment earmarked by public as well as private sector companies across the value chain.

0Total demand in FY12 was 969.0Twh and the estimated demand for FY22(E) is 1915.0Twh

Continued..

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