Power SuppliesPower Supplies

BasicsBasics

Power Supply Unit aka PSUPower Supply Unit aka PSUConverts 110/220VAC to 3.3, Converts 110/220VAC to 3.3, ±5, ±12 ±5, ±12 VDCVDCThere is a 5VDC standby in ATX PSUThere is a 5VDC standby in ATX PSURating is in Watts. More is better. Rating is in Watts. More is better. – Range from 250 – 1000 (normal) – 2000 Range from 250 – 1000 (normal) – 2000

(super normal)(super normal)– Active Power Factor Correction is good.Active Power Factor Correction is good.– Efficiency is importantEfficiency is important

ConnectorsConnectors

ATX Power : P1ATX Power : P1

20 or 24 pins20 or 24 pins

AT Power : P8, P9AT Power : P8, P9

2 6-pin Connectors 2 6-pin Connectors (black to black)(black to black)

Peripheral Power ConnectorsPeripheral Power Connectors

Floppy (Berg, mini-Floppy (Berg, mini-molex) Connector molex) Connector (5,12VDC)(5,12VDC)

Standard (molex)Standard (molex)

5,12 VDC5,12 VDC

SATA : 3 each 3.3,5,12 SATA : 3 each 3.3,5,12 VDC and 5 groundsVDC and 5 grounds

Display TechnologyDisplay Technology

How does it work?How does it work? Program/CPU send an object to video cardProgram/CPU send an object to video card Video card does graphic processing to add objectVideo card does graphic processing to add object Video card sends a signal to the display device Video card sends a signal to the display device

(CRT or LCD)(CRT or LCD)

Video TerminologyVideo Terminology

Video Standards define resolution and # colorsVideo Standards define resolution and # colors Resolution is number of pixels i.e. 1024x768Resolution is number of pixels i.e. 1024x768 Monochrome: pixel is off or on.Monochrome: pixel is off or on. CGA: 320x240 Four colorsCGA: 320x240 Four colors EGA: upto 640x350 16 colors (64 c. pallete)EGA: upto 640x350 16 colors (64 c. pallete) VGA: 640x480 16 color or 320x240 256 colorVGA: 640x480 16 color or 320x240 256 color Super VGA: 800x600 256 color (aka SVGA)Super VGA: 800x600 256 color (aka SVGA) XGA: IBM only, 1024x768, 256 colorsXGA: IBM only, 1024x768, 256 colors

Video ConnectorsVideo Connectors

Digital Video Interface (DVI)Digital Video Interface (DVI) DVI-A Analog (????????)DVI-A Analog (????????) DVI-D DigitalDVI-D Digital DVI-I BothDVI-I Both

High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) Extends DVI to faster frames, more res, digital Extends DVI to faster frames, more res, digital

audioaudio Signal compatible with DVI. Need an adapter.Signal compatible with DVI. Need an adapter.

Analog ConnectionsAnalog Connections

Component Video: different signals for Red, Component Video: different signals for Red, Green and Blue (well kind of)Green and Blue (well kind of)

S-video: Small (PS2 like) composite VideoS-video: Small (PS2 like) composite Video Composite: Sends all of the video signal on 1 Composite: Sends all of the video signal on 1

RCA ConnectorRCA Connector

MonitorsMonitors Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Sprays electrons at screen causing phosphors to glowCathode Ray Tube (CRT) Sprays electrons at screen causing phosphors to glow Flat Panel: grid electrodes control each pixel.Flat Panel: grid electrodes control each pixel.Features:Features:

CharacteristicCharacteristic DescriptionDescription

Screen SizeScreen Size Diagonal Length of ScreenDiagonal Length of Screen

Refresh RateRefresh Rate Number of times the screen is “drawn” per Number of times the screen is “drawn” per secondsecond

InterlacedInterlaced A Monitor which draws every other line on A Monitor which draws every other line on each passeach pass

Dot PitchDot Pitch Distance between pixelsDistance between pixels

ResolutionResolution The number of (horizontal and vertical) The number of (horizontal and vertical) Pixels on a ScreenPixels on a Screen

MultiscanMultiscan Monitors with multiple Refresh ratesMonitors with multiple Refresh rates

LCD LCD

LCD TypesLCD Types

Active Matrix: 2 transistors control each pixelActive Matrix: 2 transistors control each pixel Passive Matrix: Row/Column transistorsPassive Matrix: Row/Column transistors LCDs are DigitalLCDs are Digital LCDs have a native resolution. Everything LCDs have a native resolution. Everything

else is an approximation.else is an approximation.

CRTCRT

Cathode: shoots a Cathode: shoots a beam of beam of electrons.electrons.

Deflected by Deflected by magnetism via 4 magnetism via 4 platesplates

Each Pixel made Each Pixel made up of 1 or more up of 1 or more groups of RGB groups of RGB dotsdots