POWER POWER Arthro, Arthro,

Bones, Skin, Bones, Skin, HairHair

Chanita Villegas – Chua, Chanita Villegas – Chua, M.D., FPOGS, FPSUOG, M.D., FPOGS, FPSUOG,

FMFM, MSCEFMFM, MSCE

What is What is osteoarthritis?osteoarthritis?

o ArthritisArthritis - inflammation of the joints

o OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis

Degenerative joint disease Most common type of arthritis Breakdown of cartilage in joints

Facts about Facts about OsteoarthritisOsteoarthritis US, >20M people US, >20M people

By 2030, 20% of Americans-- By 2030, 20% of Americans-- about 70M will be at riskabout 70M will be at risk

> 50% of the population ≥ 65yo > 50% of the population ≥ 65yo would show x-ray evidence in at would show x-ray evidence in at least one jointleast one joint

<45yo, men > women; after age <45yo, men > women; after age 45, it is more common in women45, it is more common in women

What causes What causes osteoarthritis?osteoarthritis?

Exact cause is unknown

Imbalance between the production of new collagen & proteoglycans, & breakdown of aging molecules

Chondrocytes don’t produce enough new collagen & proteoglycans to replace what has been lost

What causes What causes osteoarthritis?osteoarthritis?

Imbalance – joint cartilage become stiff & lose its elasticity, making it more susceptible to damage

Cartilage wear away, decreasing its shock-absorbing ability, tendons & ligaments stretch, causing pain

Bones rub against bones

What causes What causes osteoarthritis?osteoarthritis?

Combination of Factors

including being overweight

the aging process

joint injury

stresses on the joints from certain jobs and sports activities

What areas What areas are are

affected? affected? Neck

Ends of Fingers

Lower back

Hips

Knees

Thumbs

OA SymptomsOA Symptoms• Joint pain & limited movement

• Affects joints & not internal organs

• Rheumatoid arthritis– 2nd most common

begins at a younger age

causes swelling & redness in joints

may make people feel sick, tired, & (uncommonly) feverish

o firm, rubbery material that covers the ends of bones in normal joints

o ““Shock Absorber"Shock Absorber" - reduce friction in the joints & because of its ability to change shape when compressed

What is What is cartilage?cartilage?

chondrocyte collagenComponents of CartilageComponents of Cartilage

proteoglycans

synovial fluid (joint fluid)

ComponentComponents of s of

CartilageCartilageo CollagenCollagen

key component a fibrous protein building block of skin, tendon,

bone, and other connective tissues

provides strength & houses the other components

collagen

ComponentComponents of s of

CartilageCartilageo ProteoglycansProteoglycans

proteins and sugarsproteins and sugars

Strands of proteoglycans and Strands of proteoglycans and collagen weave together and collagen weave together and form a mesh-like tissueform a mesh-like tissue

allows cartilage to flex & allows cartilage to flex & absorb physical shockabsorb physical shock

proteoglycans

ComponenComponents of ts of

CartilageCartilageo ChondrocytesChondrocytes

produce new collagen and proteoglycans

release enzymes that help break down & dispose of aging collagen and proteoglycans

chondrocyte

ComponentComponents of s of

CartilageCartilageo Water Water

Comprises >70% of cartilage

"shock absorber“, lubricates & nourishes cartilage comprises >70% of cartilage

Joint Fluid

COMPONENTS• chondroitin• collagen• Elemental boron• glucosamine• Methylsufonylmethane

(MSM)• Ionic Trace Minerals

ChondroitinChondroitin Sulphate Sulphate

major constituent of cartilage, providing structure, holding water and nutrients, & allowing other molecules to move through cartilage – an impt. property, as there is no blood supply to cartilage

In OA, loss of chondroitin sulphate as the cartilage erodes

has been shown, in numerous double-blind trials, to relieve symptoms and possibly slow the progression of, or reverse, OA

ChondroitinChondroitin Sulphate Sulphate

Research indicates that this may promote healing of bone, which is consistent with the fact that the majority of glycosaminoglycans found in bone consist of chondroitin sulphate

ChondroitinChondroitin Sulphate Sulphate

BORONBORON plant sources include alfalfa,

lettuce, peas, cabbage, apples, dates, prunes, raisins, almonds & hazelnuts

keep teeth strong and healthy keeps cell walls strong so that

proper transfer of nutrients can occur throughout the body

has the ability to improve brain function, memory, and coordination

functions as an activating agent, that is, it triggers a variety of functions in the body that are necessary for life

Raises testosterone levels in men and helps to build muscle

BORONBORON

helps to convert Vit. D to an active state & Estrogen, in turn, increases calcium absorption, so the ability of boron to affect estrogen levels strengthens its ability to protect bones from disease and fractures

involved in processes that build and repair joints

BORONBORON

helps to regulate levels of other essential minerals, including calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus which are essential for bone health thus preventing osteoporosis

protect already brittle bones from fractures by helping to replace calcium

BORONBORON

can help patients with depression, decreased ability to handle stress, arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, joint problems, hormonal balance, muscle pain or weakness, memory problems, tooth decay, receding gums

BORONBORON

MethylsulfunylmethaMethylsulfunylmethanene

(MSM)(MSM)Plant sources – legumes, cabbage, brussel sprouts, garlic and onions are also beneficial

1930’s, Sulphur is an essential nutrient for joint tissue

In arthritis this mineral is deficient, restoration of sulphur levels will bring about significant benefit

•Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis• Interstitial cystitis•Snoring

Other Uses of MSMOther Uses of MSM

GlucosamineGlucosamine occurs naturally in the body and is found in synovial fluid

basic building block for proteoglycan, one of the important compounds of synovial cartilage

for the formation of lubricants & protective agents for the joints

Promotes the incorporation of sulphur into cartilage

exclusively researched and used for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA)

noted for its role as a symptom- and structure-modifying supplement in the treatment of OA

GlucosamineGlucosamine

essential to our bodies’ natural range of movements

vital for the underlying structure of muscles, tendons, cartilage, ligaments, and bones

Arthritis or bone-related pain report increased function and decreased pain

CollagenCollagen

for weak nails and brittle hair

to ward off sagging skin and wrinkles must be used in combination with Vitamin C

in arthritis should be used with glucosamine, chondroitin, MSM

CollagenCollagen

Role of Role of TRACE MINERALS TRACE MINERALS

o MagnesiumMagnesium – necessary for calcium’s proper incorporation into bone, by preventing a buildup of calcium into the soft tissues & joints

.... Most people, though, consume too much calcium and not enough magnesium“ (Burton Goldberg Group, Alternative Medicine: The Definitive Guide, Future Medicine Publishing, Inc. WA, p. 533)

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) most abundant

heteropolysaccharides in the body, highly viscous with low compressibility

ideal for a lubricating fluid in the joints and shock absorbers

their rigidity provides structural integrity to cells and provides passageways between cells, allowing for cell migration

Role of Role of TRACE MINERALS TRACE MINERALS

o Intracellular Mg is predominantly complexed: organic molecules (eg, adenosine triphosphatase)

cell and nuclear membrane – assoc. proteins

DNA and RNA

Role of Role of TRACE MINERALS TRACE MINERALS

o Intracellular Mg is predominantly complexed: enzymes (responsible for different processes responsible for joint and bone health & stability)

proteins (e.g. proteoglycans) Citrates

Role of Role of TRACE MINERALS TRACE MINERALS

o Elimination/rotation dietElimination/rotation diet - recommended, since allergy foods are implicated in osteoarthritis

o Foods to be avoided: Foods to be avoided:

dairy products, margarine, refined foods, meat, citrus fruits

Caffeine, alcohol & tobacco

Foods to avoidFoods to avoid

Foods to avoidFoods to avoidNightshade foods (tomatoes,

potatoes, eggplant, & peppers) are alkaloids that can increase inflammation & inhibit collagen repair

they also contain a toxic substance called solanine that triggers reactions in people, and should be avoided

Avoid saturated fats & trans fatty acids, follow a low-fat diet, but one that is proportionately rich in good fatty acids

Foods to avoidFoods to avoid

JOINT PAINSJOINT PAINS

“Fueling your body with the

sources of minerals and nutrients is essential to

help maintain vibrant health!”