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©2010 PowercastCorporation 1
OEM End DevicesPowercaster™ Transmitter Powerharvester™ Receivers
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Powercast Technology Overview
• Enables the delivery of micro-power overdistance using common radio waves
– milliwatts and microwatts
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• “Green” power solution – eliminates wires and simplifies installation
– provides lifetime power to battery-free devices
– reduces/eliminates battery replacement
2
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Wireless Power from Radio Waves
Features
• Power over distance
• One-to-many powering
• Controllable wireless ower
Benefits
• Provide lifetime power
– Replenish battery energy
– Continuous trickle charge
• Zero maintenance devices
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– Continuous
– Scheduled
– On-Demand
– Battery-free – Inaccessible locations
– Increased deployment
• Enhance device capabilities
– Sealable
– Waterproof
– Other feature enablement
3
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Power Source Categories
?
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Anticipated UnknownIntentional
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Ambient RF vs. Dedicated Tx
Ambient RF (Anticipated/Unknown)• Infrastructure is already in place (TV, radio, mobile, etc)
• Limited amount of power• Broadband antennas are larger than desired
• Received power can fluctuate
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Dedicated Power Transmitters (Intentional)• Provide application enablement (short to mid-range)
• 24x7 availability and consistent power
• Negligible energy use (similar to a night-light)• Far less RF exposure than your mobile phone
• Engineered power solution
5
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Simplifying RF Design
Data
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Custom Design
Drop-In Modules
Power
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Product Portfolio
P1110 Powerharvester™ Receiver• Battery Charging• Direct Power
• Remote Activation
P2110 Powerharvester™ Receiver• Battery-free devices•
0.5”
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Powercaster™ Transmitter• 4 watts, DSSS
• 915 MHz• ID number broadcast
• Remote Activation
Sensor / Receiver Module• Antenna• Powerharvester™ Receiver
• Other electronics- battery charging- wireless sensors
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Powerharvester Receivers
P1110 – Battery
• Converts RF to DC
• Received Signal StrengthIndicator (RSSI) output
• Data out ut
P2110 – Battery-Free
• Converts RF to DC
• Received Signal StrengthIndicator (RSSI) output
• Data out ut
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• Overvoltage protection – User adjustable up to 4.2V
• Regulated output voltage – User adjustable up to 5.25V
• External MCU interrupt
• MCU control of DC output
9
Standard 50Ω antennas
Regular manufacturing processes
Designed for:
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P1110 Powerharvester™ Receiver
Typical Application
Pin Configuration
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RF to DC
Converter RFIN
ALK
3
2 5
10
6
VOUT
LI1
7
8
9
Voltage
Monitor
4
VSET
Functional Block Diagram
Max Output Voltage SelectionALK=3.3V, LI=4.2V, VSET=custom
RSSI and Data Output
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P2110 Powerharvester™ Receiver
1.25V
1.05V
Pin ConfigurationTiming Diagram
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P2110Microprocessor
GNDCAP
Sensors
Radio moduleDOUT
INT
RESET
DSET
RFIN
VOUT
Power Receiving
Antenna
Communication
Antenna
Typical ApplicationFunctional Block Diagram
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Battery-Free Sensor Demo
Module Components & Features
• Powercast P2110 Powerharvester™ Receiver
• MCU: Microchip PIC24 XLP• Radio module: Microchip 802.15.4, 2.4GHz
• System power: 3.3V
• Su er ca acitor: 50mF, low ESR
Radio module
P2110 Powerharvester
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• Discrete sensors: Temp, Humidity, Light
• Wireless protocol: MiWi™ P2P
• Data packet: Node ID, Temp, Humidity, Light, RSSI
Power supplied by:
• 4 watt Powercaster™ Transmitter, 915 MHz
12
SensorsTemp/Humidity/Light
MicrocontrollerSuper capacitor
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Battery-Free Sensor Performance
80
100
120
P a c k e t s ( s )
4W EIRP Power Transmitter
Patch RX Antenna G = 3.9
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0
20
40
60
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
T i m e b e t w e
e n
Distance (ft)
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Powercaster™ Transmitter
• 915 MHz center freq.
• DSSS modulation
• 4 Watts EIRP
• Antenna Gain ~6
6.25” width
6.75”height
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• 8-bit ID (On-Off Keying)• Mounting holes (8)
14
1.63” depth
Status Indicator LEDGreen – TransmittingRed – Fault Condition
Power Jacks (2) – 5VBack – for tabletop placementBottom – for wall mounting
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Wireless Power Calculator
•Simple analysis tool
• Excel format
Wireless Power Calculator v1.1
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Simplfied Friis Equation
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• Minimal parameters
15
http://www.powercastco.com/resourceshttp://www.powercastco.com/wireless-power-calculator.xls
Input Paramaters
Frequency 915MHz e.g. 2.4 GHz = 2400 MHzTransmitter Power 1.0Watts
Transmitter Antenna Linear Gain 4.0 do not use dBi
Receiver Antenna Linear Gain 6.0 do not use dBi
Distance 5.0meters
RF-to-DC Conversion Efficiency 60% use 50-75%
Wavelength 0.328meters
Available Power (after RF-to-DC conversion)
0.392mW
391.563uW
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Device Power Profiles
r C o n s u m
p t i o n
>10 W
Target Profiles forRF-based Wireless Power
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A
v e r a g e P o w
Battery Run Time
Hours Days Months Years
>50 mW
<1 mW
Low-powerWirelessSensors
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Sensor Networks Won’t Scale Using Batteries
n a g e m e n t E f f o r t
Battery-Powered
“The Internet of Things”
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10s 100s 1000s
C o s t / M
Battery-Free
BatteryReplacement
“Industry will need to manage wireless sensor networks involving tens of thousands of
nodes with their own power. These cannot be visited without great expense and labor and
some cannot be visited at all.” Dr. Peter Harrop, Chairman, IDTechEx (UK)
Nodes
April 26, 2007
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Target Applications
Defense
Energy Management
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Industrial Monitoring
Location Tracking
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Wireless Power distribution is similar to otherwireless infrastructure
• Any to Any
• Redundancy
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• Distributed
• Area Coverage
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A complete wireless infrastructurefor micro-power and data
Power
Near-termPotential:
Network
Data
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Data
20
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Ambient micro-powerfrom existing infrastructure
Long-termVision:
Network
ZigBee
TXT
Mobile
Mobile
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Wi-Fi
TXT
TXT
EnOceanTV
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Awards and Media Coverage
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2009 Product Showcase