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Power ConsumPtion

The Hidden Costso Copiers and Printers


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C

Executive Summary

Why Organizations

Need to Care AboutPower Consumption

Power Consumption:The Hidden Costs oCopiers and Printers

How to Read Labels

Comparing Printing

Technologies

RISO Technology

Tips to Reduce PowerConsumption

About RISO, Inc.

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excv say

Did you know that oce equipment is one othe astest growing electricity uses in commerciabuildings in North America? Oice equipmentconsumes approximately 7% o commercial electricity

or $1.8 billion in costs to businesses.

Although many organizations are adopting greener

business practices, energy consumption due to oceequipment and related energy systems, including air

conditioning to displace the heat generated rom suchequipment, is expected to rise. Reducing the amount

o this electricity has important environmental andeconomic benets. By choosing energy-ecientequipment, purchasers can save a substantial amount

on electricity costs, as much as 95% or productssuch as monitors and printers.

For organizations seeking to purchase printing

equipment, understanding power consumptionand the role it plays in the environment is criticalto maintaining a green workplace and can have

a positive impact on the bottom line. Althoughmany printer manuacturers are listening to buyers

and beginning to launch products that use lessenergy, buyers need to understand how energy

consumption works to be able to purchase a modelthat is best suited or their organizational needsand printing output volume.

This white paper will explain how to accurately read

printer and copier specication labels so that potentiausers can calculate the energy consumption theorganization will use. It will also provide tips on saving

energy and other ways o going green in yourbusiness environment.

http://us.riso.com | RISO, Inc. | 1


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wa f thgh

Copiers use more energy per unit than any other piece o oce equipment.

Every ton o recycled oce paper saves 380 gallons o oil.

Oce equipment consumes approximately 7% o commercial electricity or

$1.8 billion in costs to businesses.

1 kWh o electricity generated at a coal-red power station releases around 1 kg

(2.2 lbs) o carbon-dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. In 2007, 48.6 percent o

the electricity generated in the United States was rom coal.

why gaza d caab p cp

many organizations have a growing concern orthe environment. Businesses play a critical rolein developing and/or utilizing environmentally soundproducts and processes. Being aware o the impact

that oce equipment has on the environment andways to reduce negative eects will enable buyers

to make educated decisions on the oce equipmentthey purchase.

There are several general reasons why organizationshould establish green business practices.

Purchasing green equipment, designing andbuilding green solutions, paying attention to energy

consumption, and conscientiously disposing o andrecycling hardware helps organizations:

Reduce energy costs

Comply with government regulations

Meet increasing customer demands or cleaner,

more eco-riendly products

Appeal to customers and partners who want to

patronize and associate with green companies

Protect the environment



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P Cp:th Hdd C f Cp ad P

in order to determine how much electricity costs,its important to understand how it is measured.Power, measured in watts, is the real-time measurement

o the electrical energy being consumed by a device.To determine the number o watts consumed ia device lists amps, multiply the amps (electrical

current) by the voltage (electrical pressure). Onethousand watts equals 1 kilowatt.

20 amps x 120 volts = 2,400 watts or 2.4 kilowatts (kW)

The exact voltage coming out o an electrical socketcan vary, so electrical devices are designed to accept

a range o voltages between 110-120 volts. Printingdevices may be labeled as 110, 115, or 120 volts. Some

larger copiers and printers require 240 volts andrequire special wiring and receptacles; 240 volts willactually double the power in the example above.

Power consumption reers to the electrical energy

supplied over time to operate an electrical device.Electricity is charged by the kilowatt-hour (kWh).Using 1000 watts or 1 hour equals 1 kilowatt-hour.

For example, i the printer in the example above is

running at its maximum power or one ull hour, thepower consumption would be:

2.4 kW x 1 hour = 2.4 kilowatt-hours (kWh)

Now that we understand how to calculate power

consumption while a printer is running, we need togure out the monthly power consumption. This is

made dicult as most oce printing devices haveseveral power consumption modes including On,O, Standby, and Sleep. The challenge is nding

the energy consumed in these modes as ewmanuactures publish this type o data.

On mode reers to equipment that is perormingits primary unction, such as printing documents,

processing signicant data, and playing sound or video.

Standbymode reers to a power mode or printersthat use less energy then the on mode. In copiers

and laser printers this usually means that the user isbeing kept warm. Standby energy is the total energyconsumed over a period o time (measured in kWh).

Standby energy equals standby power multiplied bytime spent in standby mode.

Sleep mode reers to a low power mode or printers.In copiers and printers, this means that the user

is not being kept warm and that a warm-upperiod will be required beore the device is ready

to print. This mode saves signicant electricalconsumption compared to leaving a device ully on

and idle but allows the user to avoid having to resetprogramming codes or wait or a machine to reboot.Sleep energy is the total energy consumed over a

period o time (measured in kWh). Sleep energyequals sleep power multiplied by time spent in sleep

mode.

Knowing how long a device is actually printing

is needed to gure out the total monthly powerconsumption or a particular printing device. To

calculate:

Take the monthly volume or the prints/copies per

month and the speed o the device.

Determine how much time the printer or copier

would actually be printing and how much time it

would be on, standby, sleep, and o modes.

Then multiply the hours per month or each modeby the power used by each mode.

Monthly power consumption = kWh printing + kWh in

standby + kWh in sleep

Using our example:



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Printing 2.4 kW

Standby 310 watts or .31 kW

Sleep mode 200 watts or .2 kW

Speed (PPM) 75 (4,500/hour)

Monthly Volume 100,000 pages

Hours per month (30 days x 24 hours) = 720

Hours printing = 100,000 copies / 4,500 copies per

hour = 22 hoursHours standby = (720-22) x 60% (approx.) = 418 hours

Hours standby = (720-22) x 40% (approx.) = 279 hours

Monthly power consumption = kWh printing + kWh

in standby + kWh in sleep = (22 x 2.4kW) + (418 x.31kW) + (279 X .2kW) = 238 KWh

Once the total monthly power consumption hasbeen calculated in kWh multiply that by the cost o

electricity. The cost o electricity varies by region.In 2008, the price ranged rom 6.7 per kWh in

Idaho to 30 per kWh Hawaii. When calculatingelectricity costs take into account ees or delivery/

transmission, distribution and renewable energythat most providers charge. A recent invoice inMassachusetts stated the cost o electricity at 11.79

per kWh but with the added charges the actual costwas 17.17 per kWh thats 46% above the basic

cost o electricity.

Using our example and the Massachusetts costsnoted above we calculated the cost o 20 printers:

Cost o electricity = 238 kWh x 17.17 = $40.86 per

month x 20 printers = $9,807.60 annually

It is interesting to note that most printing devices

consume more power while in standby and sleepmodes than they do the whole time they are actually

printing. This is due to the number o hours thatthey remain idle during the day or overnight. In

our example, the cost o printing 100,000 pagesin a month would be $107.88 per year but the cost

o electricity use in idle and sleep mode would be$382.50. To save energy unplug the device or turnthe power bar o at night.

20 RISO printers would only cost $309 annually.

Compared to most comparable models that isa 97% savings. Also, RISO printers would stop127,704 pounds o carbon-dioxide (CO

2) being

released into the atmosphere.


P Cp:th Hdd C f Cp ad P

It is very conusing to have to manually calculate energy consumption. That

is why RISO created a simple energy savings calculator. Enter a ew variablesand the calculator instantly calculates the monthly and annual power

consumption and electricity costs. It then compares each alternative deviceto your choice o RISO printers.


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H rad Labl


the power requirements or power consumptioninormation can be ound on the specicationsheet or on the serial number plate o the printer/copier. There are several things to remember when

considering the power consumption o a printingdevice:

The amount o electricity listed on the label is the

maximum amount that the printer will use. For

example, a 2000-watt copier will only run at 2000

watts when printing at ull speed. Knowing how

much maximum electricity a device uses does not

tell you how much it will use in a month.

I the power is stated in amps (A) and volts (V),

multiply the two to get the power in watts or

kilowatts. Power (watts) = Voltage x Amps.

When 240 volts are required, or i the device

is rated at more than 15 amps, the device will

probably be a power hog and will require special

wiring and a dedicated circuit, which will require

the help o an electrician.

P y riso h a bcycl!

Because the RISO digital duplicator uses very

little electricity PB Copy in Surrey, BritishColumbia is able to power the machine witha solar panel and a bicycle; they oer

o-the-grid printing.

When we use the RISO digital duplicator, we

are zero carbon ootprint. Add to that the powersaving and the ace that we use only recycled

paper and we are very environmentally riendly.

Kevin LaHay, Owner/Operator

To read more on PB Copy visit the al

c d ab on our Web Site.


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Cpag Pg tchlg


when evaluating oce printers, its importantto understand the dierent technologiesavailable.

Cp/mFP/La P:

These devices use the same basic technology

to put an image on paper. Electronic signalsrepresenting an image (page) are sent to the printer,

or manipulate the refected light rom the copiedpaper. During operation, these devices use this

electronic signal to trigger a laser. The laser thenshines on a rotating drum, creating a charge patternthat denes the image or text to be printed. Next,

the charged portion o the drum rotates past thetoner supply, attracting particles o toner to the

charged areas o the drum. As the drum continuesto rotate over the paper, a charged wire beneath the

paper draws the toner rom the drum and onto thepaper. The key dierentiator here compared to thetechnologies noted below is the last step. The paper

travels into hot user rollers where the toner is usedto the paper. A massive amount o heat is required

to print rom laser technology.

ikj P:

Produce images by precisely moving an ink-

cartridge with an array o holes across each sheet opaper. The cartridge ejects a high-requency stream

o tiny droplets rom each hole on to the paperrom a cartridge containing one or more colorso ink. Inkjets usually produce ink droplets either

by rapidly-deorming piezoelectric elements thatrelease droplets rom an ink pressure chamber, or

by very rapid bursts o heat that locally cause the

ink to expand and expel the ink rom the cartridge.As the ink droplets impact the page, they spreadand are absorbed into the paper with no need orheat or a user. Inkjet technology oers additional

benets, most notably the provision o color printingcapability at low cost.

Dgal Dplca:

Files to be copied can be either scanned or sent

rom a computer. Duplicators digitally scan theoriginal document/image and transer that scannedimage to a master via a thermal imaging process.

The master is a paper plate with a polyester coating

that is automatically placed around a print cylinder.Ink is microprocessor-controlled and vacuum-drawn rom a cartridge to the surace o the master.

Paper is ed straight through and contacts the printcylinder and a pressure roller. The ink is transerredto the paper with no need or heat or a user, and

like the inkjet printer the ink is absorbed into thepaper. Spot color printing is possible by changing

the print cylinder.

th F Ky:

Copiers/MFPs and laser printers consume moreenergy than inkjet printers and duplicators, primarilybecause the user rollers must remain at high

temperatures to bond the toner to the paper. Theusing temperature can be as high as 400 F duringprinting, the laser printer actively supplies resistance

heat to ensure eective bonding. In addition,copiers/MFPs and laser printers require perpetual

heating in standby mode to avoid heat-up drivendelays in response to a print request. Copiers use

more energy per unit than any other piece o oceequipment. Power consumption in oce printingdevices largely depends on the copier, laser printer,

or MFPs print speed or copies per minute. Usuallythe aster the device, the more power is consumed.

The power consumed in this using process accountsor about 60% o the total power consumption o

copiers/MFPs and printers.


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riso tchlgy

unlike copiers and laser technology rISOduplicators and inkjet printers do not use userrollers. In act there is no heat required when printingwith RISO equipment. RISO printers use up to 95%

less energy than conventional oce printers andcopiers. A recent study was conducted by Buyers

Laboratory (BLI), an independent oce equipmenttesting lab, which proved RISO equipment ar moreecient than comparable models ranging in speeds

rom 40 ppm up to 85 ppm.

In BLIs lab evaluation, the RISO CZ180, EZ220,EZ390, and EZ590 duplicators, which each oervariable speeds o 60 ppm to 130 ppm, proved

to be more energy ecient when compared withmultiunctional devices and printers. In addition

to using signicantly less energy at 60 ppm thanthe lower-speed MFP and printer models (when

compared to the higher-speed 85-ppm MFP model),the RISO units use less energy at 80 ppm and 100

ppm. Plus, all our duplicator models and the 120-ppm HC5500 inkjet printer oer energy costs thatare considerably less than the comparable models

tested.

Additionally, assuming an electricity rate o $0.11 perkilowatt-hour, all ve tested RISO models would cost

users hundreds o dollars less in annual energy costs,based on various high-usage scenarios or machine

use 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Indeed, basedon these scenarios, each RISO duplicator would

save users as much as $100 a year over their MFPand printer counterparts and as much as $560 per

year when compared to the 85-ppm MFPs energycost during the high-usage energy consumptionscenario, which would equate to a savings o $2,800

over a ve year lease. Further, when matched upagainst the 85-ppm MFP, the energy costs o the

RISO HC5500 are $445 less when equipped with theoptional print controller and $500 less without using

the optional print controller, which would equate to asavings o $2,500 over a ve year lease.

Based on the RISO units overall energy consumptionperormance when compared with that o the

comparable devices, it is clear that RISO units willsubstantially reduce the overall amount o energy

consumed, which works to both save users moneyand help the environment.

Hgh uag* / Aal C

RISOCZ180

RISO EZ220 RISO EZ390 RISO EZ590 RISO HC5500w/o Controller

RISO HC5500w/Controller

CompetitiveAverage (A-F)**

Model G**

$33.00 $23.45 $28.27 $30.67 $75.40 $144.54 $227.85 $599.84

*Based on an assumed electricity rate o $0.11 per kWh and on monochrome simplex printing or 5 hours, idle or 2 hours and in sleep or 17hours or 7 days per week, 365 days per year.

**Model A-F reers to various competative printers/MFPs. Model G reers to a 85ppm copier.

Hgh uag* / Aal savg

% Less annual cost thanCompetitive Average (A-F)

% Less annual cost thanModel G

RISO CZ180 85.5% 94.5%

RISO EZ220U 89.7% 96.1%

RISO EZ390U 87.6% 95.3%

RISO EZ590U 86.5% 94.9%

RISO HC5500w/o Controller

66.9% 87.4%

RISO HC5500w/Controller

36.6% 75.9%

*Based on an assumed electricity rate o $0.11 per kWh and on monochrome simplex printing or 5 hours, idle or 2 hours and in sleep or 17hours or 7 days per week, 365 days per year.

To read the ull report, contact RISO at978-777-7377 orvisit our Web Site.



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tp rdc P Cp

there are simple, eective ways that organizationscan save energy.We recommend the ollowing energy saving tips:

rdcWhere easible, turn devices o at night or onweekends.

r-

Set printers/copiers deault to making two-sidedcopies.

rcyclChoose recycled papers and soy-based inks.

Lk h fChoose oce equipment that has a proven record o

reliability; replacement is required less oten. This willalso help reduce e-waste in landlls.

slp av

Copiers and printers are on all day but only usedor a small part o the day. Use the stand-by andsleep modes available on the device.

sav a

Save electricity and paper and read e-mail anddocuments directly rom the computer monitor. Ittakes ten times as much energy to create a piece o

paper than to put an image on it.

G h gh z/yp f dvcA mid-volume (20 to 44 copies per minute) copier

in a low-volume oce can use 70% more energy perpage than an ecient low-volume (under 20 copies

per minute) copier. Duplicators and inkjet printersuse up to 95% less energy than conventional printing

devices.

Cd alav

Explore adding solar or wind power to generateelectricity.

say clOce equipment generates heat in work spaces

which then requires more power or cooling. Putprinting devices in areas with natural ventilation and

good airfow to reduce the need or air-conditioning.Consider duplicators or inkjet printers that do not

produce heat.

Ch enerGY stAr

Look or the ENERGY STAR logo when buying oceequipment. The logo ensures that the device has

automatic power-management eatures and usesenergy more eciently.



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Ab riso, ic.

rISO, Inc., headquartered in Danvers,Massachusetts, is a wholly owned subsidiaryo RISO Kagaku Corporation, Japans leadingmanuacturer and distributor o production printers,

digital duplicators and supplies. RISO sells high-speed color and monochrome printing solutions

throughout the Americas. RISOs high-speed colorprinters provide ast and aordable ull colordigital printing or everyday communications, at

speeds o up to 120 pages per minute. Its line odigital duplicators includes one and two-color

systems that reliably produce millions o copies,are environmentally riendly, and are easy and

inexpensive to use.

For more inormation v hpag today.

For the ull BLI report, v wb s, and dontorget to use the riso gy avg calcla.



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Copyright 2008 RISO, Inc. All rights reserved. No part o this document may be reproduced without permission o RISO, Inc.

All products are trademarks o their respective companies. Specications subject to change without notice.

Printed in USA on a RISO HC5500 ComColor Printer.

riso, ic. | 300 rd Dv | s 210 | Dav, mA 01923

tl: 800-876-riso | hp://..c

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