PowerPoint, or…text & multimedia in class

Eva M. FernándezQueens LOTE Consortium

Linguistics & Communication DisordersQueens College — CUNY

LOTE@qc.edu

Main Features

Create SLIDES• projected from PC• printed as transparencies• printed as hand-outs• uploaded to web server

Integrate text and multimedia content

Deliver presentations • in formal or informal settings• in classrooms or conferences

A Glorified Word Processor?

Yes… but,

PPT (and other similar software titles)ISN’T (aren’t) JUST FOR MANAGING TEXT

• to use Microsoft’s jargon:“you can easily organize, powerfully illustrate, and professionally deliver your ideas”; PPT gives you “the tools you need to communicate with impact”

found somewhere on the Microsoft.com website

““you can easily organize, powerfullyyou can easily organize, powerfullyillustrate, and professionally deliver yourillustrate, and professionally deliver yourideas”; PPT gives you “the tools you need toideas”; PPT gives you “the tools you need tocommunicate with impact”communicate with impact”

Word Processors ~Word, WordPerfect, Wordstar, …

entering large amounts of text printing text, or displaying it on a small

computer screen so…

• small fonts, aligned left, portrait orientation• can manage

incorporation of multimedia objects, but can’t display them well

• keyboard commands for entering and formatting text, but not for presentations

Presentation Software ~PowerPoint, Freelance, Corel Presentations…

Designed for making slides

• default font sizes are big

• default alignment and spacing of text varies, depending on slide layout

• default image is oriented as landscape ideal for overhead

projectors

with data projectors,takes advantage of screen size

Presentation Software ~PowerPoint, Freelance, Corel Presentations…

Designed for running slide shows

• features to maximally use screen when running a presentation

• keyboard commands to simplify presentation tasks browsing from slide to slide

changing color of screen

using / hiding pen or pointer

Presentation Software ~PowerPoint, Freelance, Corel Presentations…

AND you can associate a slide with notes, an outline, etc.• simplifies making

handouts and summaries• helps organize ideas• improves efficacy of

presentation

Presentation Software ~PowerPoint, Freelance, Corel Presentations…

FINALLY, you can save presentations as HTML files, to upload to the web• for asynchronous

delivery of lectures / talks• or even for

synchronous delivery features to set up

“Online Broadcasts”

How Does It Work?

A PPT file = a sequence of “slides”• screens with text and/or multimedia

content• each associated with an outline (generated

automatically) and notes (generated by author)

Multi-panel user interface• workspace (slide)• outline or thumbnails of slides• notes• scrollbars, menus, toolbars

Multipanel (“Normal”) View

Slide Sorter View

Design Features

ENTERING TEXT: DEFAULT LAYOUTS

Disadvantage:• reduces creativity?

Advantages: • generates outline automatically• makes global changes easier

Design Features

TEMPLATESSlide background and text designs,

color schemes, animation schemes

Disadvantages:• induces wasting time?• may add to “slide clutter” problem

Advantage:• “cool” and fun… and possibly effective?

Drawing & Animating

Some Examples

Autoshapes

S

NP VP

simple: S NP VP S

S SCONJ

SS

SCONJ

coordinate: S S CONJ S

subordinate: S SS

S S

S CONJ

S

Simple & Complex

An architecture for bilingual cognition

JOINT MEMORY STOREevents lived in Lx or Ly

material learned in Lx or Ly

LEXICON X LEXICON Y

GRAMMAR X GRAMMAR Y

pragmatics X pragmatics Y

semantics X semantics Y

syntax X syntax Y

phonology X phonology Y

Here is a red kite and a green kite.

They have different color tails.

18 What color is

the tail of the kite that has a bow on it?

Images

“Prefab” Clipart or Your Own Snapshots

Charts & Graphs

ON-LINE READING TIMES:MONOLINGUALS & BILINGUALS

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

English Materials

Spanish Materials

Rel

ativ

e C

lau

se, O

vera

ll R

Ts

(mse

c)USENG &CSPA

EDOM

SDOM

The United States

A place with numerous linguistic minorities

Take Queens County, for example• 44% of the population

speaks a LOTE at home (1990 US Census)

• Of this 44%, MOST are BILINGUALS

• Figures overlook people who speak LOTEs, but don’t use them at home

Queens County,1990 US Census: speakers of LOTEsspeak English...

"very well"50%

"well"27% "not

well" or "not at

all"23%

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 100 200 300 400 500

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500

Figure 5: Hits to homework areas against final grade, r (74) = .150, p > .10

Figure 7: Hits to lecture notes areas against final grade, r (74) = .015, p > .10

Figure 6: Hits to test areas against final grade, r (74) = .300, p < .01

Figure 5: Hits to miscellaneous admon. tools against final grade, r (74) = .276, p < .02

HitsHits

HitsHits

Gra

de

Gra

de

Gra

de

Gra

de

Organization Charts& Diagrams

Figure 1. Correspondences between bilingual and monolingual behavior in sentence processing, categorized as language-independent and

language-dependent. Sx indicates set of strategies associated with Lx.

B IL IN G U A L SS x = S y

la n gu a ge-in d ep en d en tp rocess in g

B IL IN G U A L SS x S y

la n gu a ge-d ep en d en tp rocess in g

M O N O L IN G U A L SS x S y

B IL IN G U A L SS x = S y

la n gu a ge-in d ep en d en tp rocess in g

M O N O L IN G U A L SS x = S y

BLUE

REDYELLOW

Equations

])([])([

))((2222 YYNXXN

YXYXNr

Linear Correlation Coefficient (r)

Buttons Hyperlinked to URLs

Internetlocal files

local or remote executablesetc.

QC ONLINE / BLACKBOARD

the class website is accessible only through QC ONLINE (Blackboard 5)

to access it, you must:

1. activate your account:

2. login to QC Online and edit your personal information:

http://vanguard.qc.edu

http://online.qc.edu

Sounds & Moving Images

BORROWING: use of a word or phrase from Lx within Ly utterance

Ya no están, están en special

Ahí para comprarlo para este weekend; pa este weekend

mot juste, gap in lexicon, etc. phonological & morphological

integration into host language

notice, both borrowed words are from English

Saving Work ~:-)

“Save” & “Save As…”• presentation (*.ppt)• show (*.pps)• outline (*.rtf)• set of images (*.gif, *.jpg, *.tif, etc.)

“Save As HTML…”

Record & save online broadcasts

Saving Work ~:-)

Embedding true-type fonts

Embedding versus linking associated files

“Pack and Go” function

Running a slide show

the “full screen” view keyboard v. mouse black-outs, white-outs navigating through slides the mouse as pointer or pen

Keyboard shortcuts

Advance to next slide:• space, N, right or down arrow, enter, page down

Return to previous slide:• backspace, P, left or up arrow, page up

Go to slide number “#”:• “#” + enter

End show:• esc, ctrl+break

More keyboard shortcuts

black-out: B white-out:W

show / hide arrow pointer: A

pointer-to-pen: ctrl+P pen-to-pointer: ctrl+A

hide pointer & button: ctrl+H erase drawing: E

Printing Slides

As overheads• on plain paper• on transparencies

As handouts• the gray-scale print-out• the black-and-white print-out• the outline print-out• the “handout” print-out

Running an Effective Show

Prepare your slides• “Slide Show” “Set Up Show”• remember to embed fonts• save as *.pps, rather than *.ppt

Rehearse!• practice the talk• practice the timing

Running an Effective Show

Technical considerations:• how to order the equipment• how to save your files• how to set up the equipment

• troubleshooting…

Running an Effective Show Design considerations

• consistent use of text amount, size, positioning• conservative use of images

as many as will illustrate your point(no more, no less)

• sparing but purposeful use of animation

• quantitative information is often best presented graphically

avoid three-dimensional graphs (hard to read)

Eva M. Fernández

Linguistics & Communication DisordersQueens LOTE Consortium

THANKS!

Please addressquestions and comments to:

LOTE@qc.edu