Cardiovascular DiseaseCoronary Artery Disease and

StrokeMary C. Corretti MDMary C. Corretti MD

Division of CardiologyDivision of Cardiology

University of Maryland School of University of Maryland School of MedicineMedicine

The Heart

Cardiovascular Risk Factors

� AgeAge� Genetics (Family Genetics (Family

lnheritance)lnheritance)� GenderGender

� High Blood PressureHigh Blood Pressure� SmokingSmoking� CholesterolCholesterol� DietDiet� AlcoholAlcohol� Physical ActivityPhysical Activity� DiabetesDiabetes

� EKGEKG� Stress TestStress Test� Nuclear ImagingNuclear Imaging� Echo ImagingEcho Imaging� EchocardiogramsEchocardiograms� TransthoracicTransthoracic� TEETEE� Stress EchoStress Echo

� Cardiac Cardiac Catheterization Catheterization � EPEP� Cardiac Cardiac biopsy biopsy

� Cardiac Cardiac SurgerySurgery

Ultrasound

C. Everett KoopSurgeon General

� Cigarette smoking is Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of the leading cause of preventable preventable premature death in premature death in our society and the our society and the most important most important public health issue of public health issue of our timeour time

�

Bad Effects of Tobacco Smoke

� Increases Blood ClottingIncreases Blood Clotting� Decreases HDL (the good Decreases HDL (the good

cholesterol)cholesterol)� Decreases Estrogen Increases Decreases Estrogen Increases

AndrogenAndrogen� Increase Free Radical Increase Free Radical

Production and Injury to all Production and Injury to all Blood VesselsBlood Vessels

� Increases Catecholamine Increases Catecholamine (adrenaline) --> Increases (adrenaline) --> Increases Blood PressureBlood Pressure