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PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME...

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© BAE Systems 2010 IDLS 2010 FCA End-To-End Solutions Steve Dunks TDL Design Authority – BAE Systems AeI 1
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Page 1: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

IDLS 2010FCA End-To-End SolutionsSteve DunksTDL Design Authority – BAE Systems AeI

1

Page 2: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Presentation Overview

• Some basic facts about Link 16 operation

• Why monitor against Frequency Clearance Agreement (FCA)

• Tools and techniques for monitoring the FCA

• UK experiences with FCA

• Cross-Border monitoring challenges

• Future of the L-Band and what impacts that may have on Link 16

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Page 3: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Link 16 Usage – The Facts

• Link 16 operates within the 960-1215MHz frequency range (L-Band)

• Link 16 is an UNAUTHORISED user of the L-Band

• L-Band Allocated to Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services (ARNS)

• World Radio Conference (WRC) does not recognise Link 16 as an official user

• Link 16 unlikely to ever get official worldwide status in the L-Band

• Most National Aviation Authorities have given permission to operate Link 16 under a FCA

3

Page 4: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Frequency Clearance Agreement

• FCA defines the organisation and rules by which Link 16 can be operated

• UK FCA 6.8 includes• FCA management structure• Monitoring criteria and SOPs• IPF features• Compliance monitoring requirements• Cleared units/terminals• Monitored sites and areas• Points of Contact

• It is a State responsibility to agree its own FCA• Significant differences between nations’ FCA• From 2 to 100 pages

• Work is underway to create a Common FCA through the MIDS/JTIDS Multi National Working Group (MNWG)

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Page 5: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

What is the Potential Problem?

• IFF protected with 2 guard bands in the frequency spectrum

• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS

5

TACAN/DMEFrequencies

960MHz

1215 MHz

969MHz

1206MHz

JTIDS/MIDSFrequencies

1008MHz

1053MHz

1065MHz

1113MHz

1030 MHzIFF Tx

1090 MHzIFF Rx

Page 6: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Impact on ICAO Threshold

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50

Beacon Signal Level (dBm)

Bea

con

Rep

ly E

ffici

ency

(%)

NO_JTIDS -33dBm -33dBm / -70dBm -33dBm / -75dBm -33dBm / -80dBm -33dBm / -85dBm

Page 7: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Techniques for FCA Management

• Different nations have different FCA criteria• Different approaches to dealing with their FCA with all trying

to manage the same problem in myriad different ways

• Pre-planned FCA management• Network Design Tools• TDL Architecture Planners• US De-confliction Server

• Active JTIDS/MIDS monitoring and reporting• Monitor live against planned activity• Dynamically react to operational events

• RF monitoring• DME performance focused

• SOP’s, but getting harder in a dynamic environment!

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Page 8: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

FCA UK Perspective

• UK has always had a comprehensive set of criteria for use of JTIDS/MIDS in the UK• High civil aircraft density in limited area• Limited ability to separate military operations• Specific DME/TACAN equipment performance limitations

• UK approach to enabling JTIDS/MIDS operations has always been an end-to-end solution

• Test it• Plan it• Actively Monitor it• Report it• Relax it

• FCA relaxation achieved through• Increased and continued test evidence• Enhance monitoring and reporting capabilities• Baselining and monitoring the ATC Environment

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Page 9: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

FCA Test Program

• Rigorous and successful testing program run in the UK

• 8-Net Simulator used to emulate RF pulse environments• Used to simulate specified operational RF conditions

• Connected to real DME equipment• Measure impact on each DME type in controlled environment• Determine potential impact on DMEs• Report to CAA

• Enables informed and defendable decisions to be made based on anunderstanding of the effect on safety of life systems

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Page 10: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

UK FCA Safety Strategy

• MoD produce and maintain a Safety Plan for MIDS/JTIDS in the UK• Organisation and activities performed

• Baseline Safety Case• General approach to safe operation of MIDS/JTIDS

• Safety Case produced for all individual platforms

• All terminal types require approval based on provided technical performance details

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Page 11: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

FCA Management

• UK approach to FCA Management• Multiple concurrent L16 Networks• Platform/Network planned/actual TSDF/ETSDF• Geo-Area Management• Protected Airspace Management• TACAN/DME TSDF/ranges• SSR ranges• Automated FCA alert reporting

• Time re-use platform loads

• Ability to dynamically manage network

• Configurable FCA monitoring criteria• FCA is not a static agreement

11

Page 12: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

MIDS/JTIDS and RF Monitoring Collaboration

• Research into integration of MIDS/JTIDS Monitoring with RF monitoring• JNMS integration with QinetiQ LJAF

• Actively monitor and measure cross border TSDF

• Compare MIDS/JTIDS vs RF calculated TSDFs

• Future options• Integration of DME performance monitoring• Detect split nets• Detect illegal transmitters

12

Page 13: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Cross Border Monitoring Challenges

• Pulses don’t stop at national boundaries

• Cross Border Management Procedures• European MIDS/JTIDS Cross-Border Coordination (EJCC)• EJCC Standard Operating Procedures • Information should be provided in JTIDS Forecast Activity Report (JFAR)

• How accurate and up to date is this information?• Are operational updates reflected on a daily basis?

• How can you monitor it?• It can be planned for• RF Monitors could be used

• How can you limit neighbouring nations usage?• Your country my already exceed FCA limits before you even turn on a single

unit?

13

Page 14: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

L-Band Future

• More Link 16 Platforms!

• Frequency re-mapping• 51 frequencies down to 37• Increasing pulse density per frequency

• Global Navigation Satellite Service (GNSS)• Testing shown similar impact of MIDS/JTIDS on GNSS receivers as DMEs• Geographic area limitation may be required to further restrict Link 16

• Aeronautical Mobile (Route) Service AM(R)S• Primary ATC datalink system post 2020• Current indications are Pulse base system

• Possible increase in European DME coverage• More Flights• More Systems – UAVs

• WRC Agenda Items 1.3 and 1.4

14

Page 15: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

L-Band Future Systems

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Page 16: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Will There be an Impact on JTIDS/MIDS?

• FCS adds to pulse density whichever system is selected

• If we maintain 51 Hopping Channels• There will be a need for FCAs to reduced pulse density for JTIDS to

compensate

• If there is a need for a reduction in number of Hopping Channels• This will increase loading on each channel• Thus need to revise FCA’s to maintain pulse density per channel as well as

a reduction to compensate for FCS, in effect a double blow to capability

16

Page 17: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Summary

• Link 16 has no authority within the L-Band• Able to operate only through agreement with the National Aviation Authority

• Different nations approach FCA monitoring differently

• UK adopts an end-to-end solution for FCA compliance• Plan, design, monitor, analyse and report and has a safety margin

• FCA is not static• Significant changes on the horizon that will mean new management

problems just to stand still let alone improve

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Page 18: PowerPoint Presentation...• TACAN/DME share the same frequencies as JTIDS/MIDS 5 TACAN/DME Frequencies 960 MHz 1215 MHz 969 MHz 1206 MHz JTIDS/MIDS Frequencies 1008 MHz 1053 MHz

© BAE Systems 2010

Questions

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