56
363 V.J.H. Powell et al. (eds.), Integration of Medical and Dental Care and Patient Data, Health Informatics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2185-5, © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012 Appendix A
363V.J.H. Powell et al. (eds.), Integration of Medical and Dental Care and Patient Data, Health Informatics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2185-5, © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012
Appendix A
364 Appendix A
365Appendix A
366 Appendix A
367Appendix B
Appendix B – Wisconsin Diabetes Mellitus Essential Care Guidelines, 2011
The referral and screening tools in Appendices B.1 and B.2 are reproduced by per-mission of Leah Ludlum, Director of the Wiscon-sin Diabetes Prevention and Control Program, with the explicit support of Warren LeMay, DDS, MPH, Chief Dental Offi cer, Wisconsin Division of Public Health. This material is available online at http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/health/diabetes/PDFs/T-MedDentalTeam.pdf and http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/health/diabetes/PDFs/T-ScreenGumsTeeth.pdf both accessed 15 May 2011, respectively.
For the Wisconsin Diabetes Mellitus Essential Care Guidelines section on oral care, see: http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/health/diabetes/PDFs/GL09.pdf . According to that section, “people with diabetes are more susceptible to oral infections such as periodontal disease. Susceptibility is further increased during periods of poor glyce-mic control or prolonged periods of hyperglycemia. The presence of active periodon-titis can, in turn, impair glycemic control and increase risk of developing sys-temic complications of diabetes, particularly cardiovascular disease and stroke. Pregnant women with diabetes maybe at increased risk of periodontitis and as a result could be at increased risk of preterm delivery with a low birth weight infant. Individuals can avoid the negative outcomes of periodontitis through early screening, referral, and treatment.”
The “Frequency of Essential Tests for People with Diabetes” quick reference guide specifi es a “dental exam by general dentist or periodontal specialist at diagno-sis” and periodically thereafter; see: http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/health/diabetes/PDFs/GLQuickRef.pdf accessed 15 May 2011. The Wisconsin Essential Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines are exemplary for integrating diabetes-related oral health care at the same level of attention as diagnosis and treatment for diabetes-related eye care and foot care.
368 Appendix B
B.1 Medical-Dental Team Referral Form, Wisconsin Diabetes Mellitus Essen-• tial Care Guidelines
369Appendix B
B.2 Wisconsin Diabetes Mellitus Essential Care Guidelines, Diabetes Screening • Tool for Inspection of Teeth and Gums
Healthy PeriodontalDisease
Plaque
Tartar
ReducedBone level
Healthy bonelevel
Healthy gums
370 Appendix C
Appendix C
Contact Points Between Medical and Dental Care and Research, C-1–C-37
C-1 Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome – Periodontal Diseases C-2 Hypertension C-3 Manifestations of Thyroid Disease, HPT C-4 [C] Cardiovascular Disease, [H] Heart Disease, [S] Stroke – Gingivitis and Periodontal Diseases C-5 Stomatognathic System and Body Posture C-6 Oral Health and Bone Diseases (Osteoporosis, Osteopenia) C-7 Obstructive Sleep Apnea – Anterior Mandibular Positioning (AMP) Devices C-8 [R] Respiratory diseases ([A] Asthma, [P] Pneumonia, [C] COPD) – Periodontal Diseases C-9 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD); End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) – Periodontal Diseases; Oral Manifestations of Renal Disease, Hemodialysis (HD) and Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) C-10 Organ Failure Patients and Transplant Candidates – Oral Health Care C-11 Oral Health – Stillbirth, Low Birth Weight (LBW), Prenatal Care [Disputed] C-12 Mental Health – Eating Disorder Screening C-13 Oral Health and Mental Health C-14 Neurologic Topics: Dementia, Alzheimer Disease, Bell Palsy C-15 HIV/AIDS – Dental Screening C-16 Immunology – Sjögren Syndrome and Xerostomia– Dental Screening C-17 Rheumatoid Arthritis and Oral Health C-18 Rheumatology – Ankylosing spondylitis and Periodontal Disease C-19 Tobacco/Betel Use Screening and Cessation (Risk Factor for Oral Cancer) C-20 Oncology – [C] Cancer; [O] Oral Cancer Screening, Oral Premalignant Lesions, Oral Cancer Care; C-21 Bisphosphonate Osteonecrosis ([B] BON) and Osteoradionecrosis ([R] ORN, Postradiation osteonecrosis) C-22 Blood Disorders, Iatrogenic or Otherwise: von Willebrand disease, Neutropenia, Polycythemia, Aplastic Anemia, Sickle Cell Anemia, Hemophilia C-23 Bacterial Diseases C-24 Archaeal Role in Disease C-25 Fungal Diseases C-26 Viral Diseases C-27 Dermatological Disease Including Nummular Eczema as a Dental Focal Infection C-28 Special Populations: Children (Pediatric) C-29 Special Populations, Geriatric Care
371Appendix C
C-30 Special Populations, ND/ID C-31 Congenital Conditions, CL/CP, Hutchinson Teeth, Macroglossia C-32 Ectodermal Dysplasia and Severe Hypodontia C-33 Breath Odor: Halitosis C-34 Cognitive Parameters of Reducing Disparities in Healthcare (Including Dental Care) C-35 Periodontal Diseases – Systemic Infl ammation [Research] C-36 Biofi lms: Cystic Fibrosis, Endocarditis, Cystitis, Dental Plaque, Indwelling Devices and Implants. [Research] C-37 Anesthesia, Sedation, Pain or Odontalgia Management
Contact Points Between Medical and Dental Care/Research: Categories 1–37 and References
Contributions to this page from Valerie J.H. Powell, Ph.D., M.S., RT(R), Clinical Data Integration Project, Robert Morris University; Franklin Din, DMD, M.A. HP Enterprise Services, Global Healthcare, Amit Acharya B.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., (Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation/Biomedical Informatics Research Center), Edward P. Heinrichs, DMD, Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh; Titus K. Schleyer, DMD, Ph.D., Director, Center for Dental Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Shin Mei Rose Yin Geist, DDS, M.S., Diplomate ABOM, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Miguel Humberto Torres-Urquidy, DDS, M.S., Ph.D. Candidate, Center for Dental Informatics, University of Pittburgh. Categories devoted to research (rather than care) are marked [Rsch]. Research results disputed or controversial marked [Dsptd].
372 Appendix C
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mar
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are
as o
f cr
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dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
efer
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ddin
g re
fere
nces
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rogr
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373Appendix C
Sum
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are
as o
f cr
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dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
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n D
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l sp
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lties
M
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al
subs
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s (a
ddin
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fere
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in p
rogr
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d pe
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M
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Appendix C
375
Sum
mar
y of
are
as o
f cr
oss-
dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
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s (a
ddin
g re
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6. O
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ain
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atio
n D
enta
l sp
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lties
M
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peci
altie
s R
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ddin
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ain
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ntal
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atio
n D
enta
l sp
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lties
M
edic
al
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s R
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ddin
g re
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dom
ain
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ntal
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unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
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lties
M
edic
al
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ts A
, Cri
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ins
EM
, Gat
z M
. Infl
am
mat
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as a
pot
entia
l med
iato
r fo
r th
e as
soci
atio
n be
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n pe
riod
onta
l dis
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. Neu
rops
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atr
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6; A
t: ht
tp://
ww
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ovep
ress
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/infl a
mm
atio
n-as
-a-p
oten
tial-
med
iato
r-fo
r-th
e-as
soci
atio
n-be
twee
n-pe
rio-
peer
-rev
iew
ed-a
rtic
le . A
cces
sed
10 M
ay 2
011.
15. H
IV/A
IDS
– de
ntal
Sc
reen
ing
Gen
eral
den
tist
Prim
ary
care
, im
mun
olog
ist,
infe
ctio
us
dise
ase
Ger
bert
B, B
adne
r V
, Mag
uire
B. A
IDS
and
dent
al p
ract
ice.
J P
ublic
Hea
lth D
ent.
1988
;48(
2):6
8–73
.
Gen
naro
S, N
aido
o S,
Ber
thol
d P.
Ora
l hea
lth a
nd H
IV/A
IDS.
MC
N A
m J
Mat
er C
hild
N
urs.
200
8;33
(1):
50–7
.
HR
SA. H
AB
HIV
per
form
ance
mea
sure
s: o
ral h
ealth
ser
vice
s, H
RSA
. 200
9. h
ttp://
hab.
hrsa
.gov
/spe
cial
/HA
BPM
sOra
lHea
lth.p
df . A
cces
sed
15 J
une
2011
.
Kah
abuk
a FK
, Fab
ian
F, P
eter
sen
PE, N
guvu
mal
i H. A
war
enes
s of
HIV
/AID
S an
d its
ora
l m
anif
esta
tions
am
ong
peop
le li
ving
with
HIV
in D
ar e
s Sa
laam
, Tan
zani
a. A
fr J
AID
S.
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):91
–5.
16. I
mm
unol
ogy
– Sj
ögre
n sy
ndro
me
and
xero
stom
ia–
den-
tal s
cree
ning
All
spec
ialti
es
Prim
ary
care
, im
mun
olog
ist,
opht
halm
olo-
gist
, rh
eum
atol
ogis
t
Fox
PC, B
owm
an S
J, S
egal
B, V
ivin
o FB
, Mur
ukut
la N
, Cho
ueir
i K, O
ale
S, M
cLea
n L
. O
ral i
nvol
vem
ent i
n pr
imar
y Sj
ögre
n sy
ndro
me.
J A
m D
ent A
ssoc
. 20
08;1
39(1
2):1
592–
601.
Iaco
pino
AM
. Sjö
gren
syn
drom
e: r
educ
ed q
uali
ty o
f li
fe a
s an
ora
l-sy
stem
ic c
onse
-qu
ence
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an D
ent A
ssoc
. 201
0;76
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da.c
a/ar
ticl
e/a9
8 . A
cces
sed
15
June
201
1.
(con
tinue
d)
Appendix C
380
Sum
mar
y of
are
as o
f cr
oss-
dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
efer
ence
s (a
ddin
g re
fere
nces
in p
rogr
ess)
17. R
heum
atoi
d ar
thri
tis
and
oral
hea
lth
Gen
eral
den
tist,
peri
odon
tist
Prim
ary
care
, im
mun
olog
ist
Lea
der
D. H
ow R
heum
atoi
d ar
thri
tis a
ffec
ts o
ral h
ealth
, hea
lth a
nd w
elln
ess
2007
; Apr
il 23
200
7. h
ttp://
ww
w.a
ssoc
iate
dcon
tent
.com
/art
icle
/214
081/
how
_rhe
umat
oid_
arth
ri-
tis_a
ffec
ts_o
ral.h
tml?
cat .
Acc
esse
d 10
Jun
e 20
11.
Mer
cade
FB
, Mar
shal
l RI,
Kle
stov
AC
, Bar
told
PM
. Rel
atio
nshi
p be
twee
n rh
eum
atoi
d ar
thri
tis a
nd p
erio
dont
itis.
J P
erio
dont
ol. 2
001;
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):77
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.
18. R
heum
atol
ogy
– A
nkyl
osin
g sp
ondy
litis
and
pe
riod
onta
l dis
ease
Gen
eral
den
tist,
peri
odon
tist
Prim
ary
care
, rh
eum
atol
ogis
t Pi
scho
n N
, Pis
chon
T, G
ülm
ez E
, Krö
ger
J, P
uruc
ker
P, K
lebe
r B
-M, L
anda
u H
, Jo
st-B
rink
man
n P-
G, S
chla
tterm
ann
P, Z
erni
cke
J, B
urm
eist
er G
-R, B
erni
mou
lin J
-P,
But
tger
eit F
, Det
ert J
. Per
iodo
ntal
dis
ease
in p
atie
nts
with
ank
ylos
ing
spon
dylit
is. A
nn
Rhe
um D
is. 2
010;
69:3
4–8.
19. T
obac
co o
r be
tel u
se
scre
enin
g an
d ce
ssat
ion
(ris
k fa
ctor
fo
r or
al c
ance
r)
Gen
eral
den
tist
Prim
ary
care
, on
colo
gist
Je
tte A
M, F
eldm
an H
A, T
enns
tedt
SL
. Tob
acco
use
: a m
odifi
able
ris
k fa
ctor
for
den
tal
dise
ase
amon
g th
e el
derl
y. A
m J
Pub
lic H
ealth
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–6.
McD
anie
l AM
, Str
atto
n R
M, B
rita
in M
. Sys
tem
s ap
proa
ches
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bacc
o de
pend
ence
tr
eatm
ent.
Ann
u R
ev N
urs
Res
. 200
9;27
:345
–63.
Zha
ng X
, Rei
char
t PA
. A r
evie
w o
f be
tel q
uid
chew
ing,
ora
l can
cer
and
prec
ance
r in
m
ainl
and
Chi
na. O
ral O
ncol
. 200
7;43
(5):
424–
30.
20. O
ncol
ogy
–[C
] C
ance
r; [
O]
Ora
l ca
ncer
scr
eeni
ng,
oral
pre
mal
igna
nt
lesi
ons
[H]
Hea
d an
d ne
ck c
ance
r
Gen
eral
den
tist,
peri
odon
tist
Prim
ary
care
, on
colo
gist
[H
] C
loos
J, S
pitz
MR
, Sch
antz
SP,
Hsu
TC
, et a
l. G
enet
ic s
usce
ptib
ility
to h
ead
and
neck
sq
uam
ous
cell
carc
inom
a. J
Nat
l Can
cer
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. 199
6;88
:530
–5.
[O]
Goo
dman
HS,
Yel
low
itz J
A, Y
ello
witz
AM
. Ora
l can
cer
prev
entio
n: th
e ro
le o
f fa
mily
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actit
ione
rs. A
rch
Fam
Med
. 199
5;4(
7):6
28–3
6.
[O]
Mao
L, L
ee J
S, F
an Y
H, R
o JY
, Bat
saki
s JG
, Lip
pman
S, H
ittel
man
W, H
ong
WK
. Fr
eque
nt m
icro
sate
llite
alte
ratio
ns a
t chr
omos
omes
9p2
1 an
d 3p
14 in
ora
l pre
mal
ig-
nant
lesi
ons
and
thei
r va
lue
in c
ance
r ri
sk a
sses
smen
t. N
at M
ed. 1
996;
2:68
2–5.
do
i: 10.
1038
/nm
0696
-682
.
[C]
Mic
haud
DS,
Jos
hipu
ra K
, Gio
vann
ucci
E, F
uchs
CS.
A p
rosp
ectiv
e st
udy
of
peri
odon
tal d
isea
se a
nd p
ancr
eatic
can
cer
in U
.S. m
ale
heal
th p
rofe
ssio
nals
. J
Nat
Can
cer
Inst
. 200
7;99
:1–5
.
Appendix C
381
Sum
mar
y of
are
as o
f cr
oss-
dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
efer
ence
s (a
ddin
g re
fere
nces
in p
rogr
ess)
[H]
Parz
ucho
wsk
i JS,
Jor
don
J, B
urge
ss L
, Wits
ell M
, Sob
ol L
, Ron
tal M
, Bal
aram
an S
, Ig
natiu
s R
, Ven
utur
umill
i P, K
raus
s D
, Che
n P,
Fon
tane
si J
, Ake
rval
l J. L
ead-
time
from
di
agno
sis
to s
tart
of
radi
atio
n sh
orte
ned
by 4
4% f
or h
ead
and
neck
can
cer
whe
n pa
tient
s go
thro
ugh
a m
ultid
isci
plin
ary
clin
ic. J
Clin
Onc
ol.
2011
;29(
Supp
l):a
bstr
e166
27.
[C]
Söde
r B
, Yak
ob M
, Meu
rman
JH
, And
erso
n L
C, K
linge
B, S
öder
P-Ö
. Per
iodo
ntal
di
seas
e m
ay a
ssoc
iate
with
bre
ast c
ance
r. B
reas
t Can
cer
Res
Tre
at. 2
010;
doi 1
0.10
07/
s105
49-0
10-1
221-
4 .
[C]
Uem
ura
N, O
kam
oto
S, Y
amam
oto
S, M
atsu
mur
a N
, et a
l. H
elic
obac
ter
pylo
ri
infe
ctio
n an
d th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
gast
ric
canc
er. N
Eng
l J M
ed. 2
001;
345:
784–
9.
See
Cat
egor
y 19
, Tob
acco
or
bete
l use
scr
eeni
ng a
nd c
essa
tion
(ris
k fa
ctor
for
ora
l can
cer)
21. B
isph
osph
onat
e os
teon
ecro
sis
([B
] B
ON
) an
d os
teor
adi-
onec
rosi
s ([
R]
OR
N,
post
radi
atio
n os
teon
ecro
sis)
Gen
eral
den
tist,
oral
and
m
axill
ofa-
cial
sur
geon
, or
al
radi
olog
ist
Prim
ary
care
, ra
diol
ogis
t, or
thop
edis
t, on
colo
gist
[B]
Mar
x R
E. P
amid
rona
te (
Are
dia)
and
zol
edro
nate
(Z
omet
a) in
duce
d av
ascu
lar
necr
osis
of
the
jaw
s: a
gro
win
g ep
idem
ic. J
Ora
l Max
illof
ac S
urg.
200
3;61
:111
5–7.
[B]
Mig
liora
ti C
A. B
isph
osph
onat
es a
nd o
ral c
avity
ava
scul
ar b
one
necr
osis
. J C
lin O
ncol
. 20
03;2
1:42
53–4
.
[O]
Ray
att S
S, M
urea
u M
AM
, Hof
er S
OP.
Ost
eora
dion
ecro
sis
of th
e m
andi
ble:
etio
logy
, pr
even
tion,
dia
gnos
is a
nd tr
eatm
ent.
Indi
an J
Pla
st S
urg.
200
7;40
(21
):65
–71.
[B]
Rug
gier
o SL
, Meh
rotr
a B
, Ros
enbe
rg T
J, E
ngro
ff S
L. O
steo
necr
osis
of
the
jaw
s as
soci
ated
with
the
use
of b
isph
osph
onat
es: a
rev
iew
of
63 c
ases
. J O
ral M
axill
ofac
Su
rg. 2
004;
62:5
27–3
4.
22. B
lood
dis
orde
rs,
iatr
ogen
ic o
r ot
herw
ise:
von
W
illeb
rand
dis
ease
, ne
utro
peni
a,
poly
cyth
emia
, ap
last
ic a
nem
ia,
sick
le c
ell a
nem
ia,
hem
ophi
lia
All
spec
ialti
es
Prim
ary
care
, he
mat
olog
ist
Cah
ill M
R, C
olvi
n B
T. H
aem
ophi
lia. P
ostg
rad
Med
J. 1
997;
73(8
58):
201–
6.
Picc
in A
, Fle
min
g P,
Eak
ins
E, M
cGov
ern
E, S
mith
OP,
McM
ahon
C. S
ickl
e ce
ll di
seas
e an
d de
ntal
trea
tmen
t. J
Ir D
ent A
ssoc
. 200
8;54
(2):
75–9
.
Wild
e JT
, Coo
k R
J. v
on W
illeb
rand
dis
ease
and
its
man
agem
ent i
n or
al a
nd m
axill
ofac
ial
surg
ery.
Br
J O
ral M
axill
ofac
Sur
g. 1
998;
36(2
):11
2–8.
(con
tinue
d)
Appendix C
382 Appendix C
Sum
mar
y of
are
as o
f cr
oss-
dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
efer
ence
s (a
ddin
g re
fere
nces
in p
rogr
ess)
23. B
acte
rial
dis
ease
s G
ener
al d
entis
t, pe
riod
ontis
t In
tern
ist,
depe
nds
on d
isea
se
The
U.S
. Sur
geon
Gen
eral
’s R
epor
t on
Ora
l Hea
lth in
Am
eric
a (2
000)
list
s:
1. M
ucou
s m
embr
ane
pem
pigo
id.
2. E
ryth
ema
mul
tifor
me
(Ste
vens
-Joh
nson
) sy
ndro
me.
[C
an b
e fa
tal]
.
3. P
emph
igus
vul
gari
s.
Lic
hen
plan
us
24. A
rcha
eal r
ole
in
dise
ase
Gen
eral
den
tist,
peri
odon
tist
Prim
ary
care
ph
ysic
ian
Lep
p PW
, Bri
nig
MM
, Ouv
erne
y C
C, P
alm
K, A
rmita
ge G
C, R
elm
an D
A. M
etha
noge
nic
Arc
haea
and
hum
an p
erio
dont
al d
isea
se. P
NA
S. 2
004;
101:
6176
–81.
doi
10.
1073
_pna
s.03
0876
6101
.
25. F
unga
l dis
ease
s G
ener
al d
entis
t, pe
riod
ontis
t In
tern
ist,
depe
nds
on d
isea
se
The
U.S
. Sur
geon
Gen
eral
’s R
epor
t on
Ora
l Hea
lth in
Am
eric
a (2
000)
list
s:
1. C
andi
dias
is.
2. H
isto
plas
mos
is. [
Can
be
fata
l].
26. V
iral
dis
ease
s G
ener
al d
entis
t In
tern
ist,
depe
nds
on d
isea
se
Nav
azes
h M
, Mul
ligan
R, K
ono
N, K
umar
S, N
owic
ki M
, Alv
es M
, Mac
k W
J. O
ral a
nd
syst
emic
hea
lth c
orre
late
s of
HIV
-1 s
hedd
ing
in s
aliv
a. J
Den
t Res
. 201
0;89
:107
4–9.
do
i: 10
.117
7/00
2203
4510
3752
90 .
The
U.S
. Sur
geon
Gen
eral
’s R
epor
t on
Ora
l Hea
lth in
Am
eric
a (2
000)
list
s:
1.
Pri
mar
y ac
ute
herp
etic
gin
givo
stom
atiti
s (h
erpe
s si
mpl
ex ty
pe 1
, rar
ely
type
2).
2.
Rec
urre
nt h
erpe
s la
bial
is.
3.
Rec
urre
nt in
trao
ral h
erpe
s si
mpl
ex.
4.
Chi
cken
pox
(va
rice
lla-z
oste
r vi
rus)
.
5.
Her
pes
zost
er (
reac
tivat
ion
of v
aric
ella
-zos
ter
viru
s).
383Appendix C
Sum
mar
y of
are
as o
f cr
oss-
dom
ain
(med
ical
/de
ntal
) co
mm
unic
atio
n D
enta
l sp
ecia
lties
M
edic
al
subs
peci
altie
s R
efer
ence
s (a
ddin
g re
fere
nces
in p
rogr
ess)
6.
Inf
ectio
us m
onon
ucle
osis
(E
pste
in-B
arr
viru
s).
7.
War
ts (
HPV
, pap
illom
avir
us).
8.
Her
pang
ina
(cox
sack
ievi
rus
A; a
lso
poss
ibly
cox
sack
ievi
rus
B a
nd e
chov
irus
).
9.
Han
d, f
oot,
and
mou
th d
isea
se (
type
A c
ocks
acki
evir
uses
).
10.
Pri
mar
y H
IV in
fect
ion
[Can
be
fata
l].
Reg
ardi
ng H
IV S
ee c
ateg
ory
16, H
IV/A
IDS
– de
ntal
scr
eeni
ng.
27. D
erm
atol
ogic
al
dise
ase
incl
udin
g nu
mm
ular
ecz
ema
as
a de
ntal
foc
al
infe
ctio
n
Gen
eral
den
tist,
peri
odon
tist
Der
mat
olog
ist
Bre
wer
JD
, Ekd
awi N
S, T
orge
rson
RR
, Cam
iller
i MJ,
Bru
ce A
J, R
oger
s R
S 3r
d, M
agui
re
LJ.
Lic
hen
plan
us a
nd c
icat
rici
al c
onju
nctiv
itis:
dis
ease
cou
rse
and
resp
onse
to th
erap
y of
11
patie
nts.
J E
ur A
cad
Der
mat
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atio
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ain
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389Appendix D
These contact points, some based on oral manifestation(s) of systemic disease, inform the need for inter-domain communication among medical and dental providers of a patient to assure quality of care and patient safety.
Relevant resources:
Cappelli DP, Mobley CC. Prevention in clinical oral health care. St. Louis: • Elsevier; 2008. NIH. Oral health in America: a report of the Surgeon General. Rockville: U.S. • Department of Health and Human Services. Bethesda: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health; 2000. Little JW, Falace DA, Miller CS, Rhodus NL. Dental management of the medi-• cally compromised patient. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.
Appendix D
Editorial Team (Editing and Authoring)
Acharya, Amit • Amit Acharya , B . D . S , M . S ., Ph . D . is general dental surgeon and a computer scientist with expertise in the fi eld of biomedical informatics. Dr . Acharya ’ s research focus has been on integration of medical and dental data and clinical systems, design and architecture of electronic health records, developing clinical decision supports and expert systems, information modeling and developing ontologies and terminologies, principles of evidence based practices, knowledge development and representation, and investigating the oral-systemic relationship between periodontal disease and other systemic disease such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
In his current role as a Dental Informatics Scientist at the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation’s Biomedical Informatics Research Center and the Interim Director of the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation’s Biomedical Informatics Core of the UW Institution for Clinical and Translational Research, his main focus is on the development, implementation and evaluation of clinical informa-tion systems by leveraging the fi eld of translational biomedical and dental Informatics. Dr. Acharya also serves on the Management Committee of University of Wisconsin, Madison’s Computational and Informatics in Biology and Medicine program which is funded by National Library of Medicine.
Dr . Acharya has published in many national and international peer-reviewed journals. He has also presented in many national and international conferences and panels. Dr. Acharya has mentored several undergraduate and graduate stu-dents as part of the Dental Informatics internship program at Marshfi eld Clinic. He is also a key member of the American Dental Association’s Standard Committee on Dental Informatics and is involved in various national standards development activities. Dr. Acharya played a key role in the development and enhancement of an integrated electronic dental record module within the
390 Appendix D
Marshfi eld Clinic’s medical EHR system. He has also been involved in the devel-opment of a standardized information model for the general dental electronic dental records. As a co-investigator, Dr. Acharya represent Marshfi eld Clinic’s involvement in the HMORN consortium of 12 diverse integrated healthcare sys-tems within US and abroad, collaborating to develop a standardized, multi- system diabetes registry covering over 10 million enrollees and 750,000 members with diabetes mellitus. Din, Franklin • Franklin M . Din , D . M . D ., M . A . is the Solution Architect for Transactions, Code Sets & Informatics, HP Enterprise Services, Global Healthcare, and is responsible for providing Medical Informatics, Terminology, and other health-care data standards expertise improve healthcare delivery, costs, outcomes, and future trends. Standardization of data is essential to the Informatics goal of turn-ing massive amounts of data into useful and actionable knowledge.
Frank joined HP in February 2009. In July 2009, he led the Medical Informatics Center of Excellence (MICOE) team successfully partnered with a Title XIX account to seamlessly in-source business analytic work that was previously out-sourced at a cost of millions of dollars. In March 2010, he led the MICOE team that successfully delivered an HP proprietary, Medicaid-specifi c predictive model for diabetes. In November of 2010, Frank successfully designed, prototyped, and demonstrated an approach to perform Medical Term Standardization, Natural Language Processing, and Ontology development, all in Mandarin, for a Nationwide Medical Records Project in China.
Before joining HP, Frank was a Senior Informatics Consultant for Apelon, Inc. He was involved with data standardization for two rounds of the National Health Information Network (NHIN); he led the team that produced a strategy to cross-map discrete medication data streams which resulted in simplifi ed analyt-ics for an academic medical center; he devised a plan to bring SNODENT termi-nology into compliance with SNOMED CT; he worked on the improvement to the National Cancer Institute’s NCI Thesaurus that resulted in the new BioMed GT terminology while simultaneously creating the prototype of a collaborative semantic media wiki that permits remote collaboration on BioMed GT. While working for the VHA in the Salt Lake City Offi ce of Information, Frank created a tool to map concepts in VistA with SNOMED CT for the LDSI (Lab Data Sharing Initiative) which links the VHA and the Department of Defense lab sys-tems; he created an MS Excel mapping tool to convert the Kaiser Permanente ICD-9 based problem list into a SNOMED CT based list. This work became the basis of the FDA’s SPL problem list.
Prior to his specialization in Biomedical Informatics, Frank was a practicing dentist, Assistant Clinical Professor of Dentistry at NYU Dental School, and Course Director for Forensics Dentistry at Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery. He currently serves as a member of DMORT (Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team) to perform Forensic Dental Services at mass disaster sites, with previous deployments to the World Trade Center and Hurricane Katrina.
391Appendix D
Frank has active memberships in AMIA (American Medical Informatics Association) and HIMSS (Healthcare Information Management Systems Society). He was a member of HITSP and co-chaired the subcommittee on plan-ning and internal communications for HITSP’s Education, Communication, and Outreach (ECO) Committee.
Frank received a BS in Biology from Lehigh University, a DMD from Farleigh Dickinson University, and completed an NLM (National Library of Medicine) post-doctoral fellowship in Biomedical Informatics with an MA from Columbia University. Powell, Valerie J.H. • Valerie J . Harvey Powell , Ph . D ., M . S ., R . T .( R ), a native of Racine, Wisconsin, USA, fi rst studied humanities, with a focus on languages, philosophy, and lin-guistics, then computer science and information systems, and fi nally radiologic technology. Her undergraduate studies in German and philosophy at Wabash College in Indiana included a year of studies of philosophy and linguistics at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. She then earned a masters degree, and a Ph.D. at the University of Texas at Austin. Her post-doc-toral Masters Degree in Computer Science was completed at Texas A&M University in Commerce, Texas. She started teaching at The University of Texas at Austin in the fall of 1959 and has been teaching for over 50 years. She spent a sabbatical semester as a Visiting Scientist in Dynamic Systems at the Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University, where the focus of her work was formal modeling of resectorization in the FAA Air Traffi c Control system. Dr. Powell’s studies in philosophy sensitized her to the properties of classifi cation systems. She feels this foundation helped her question the routine sense of medical care that omitted attention to the stomatognathic system in cer-tain critical respects.
When she began to work with and teach MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System) in computer science in the early 1980s, she was soon invited to work with the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Her fi rst publications in the fi eld of hospital information systems appeared in the mid 1980s. She taught databases, including clinical databases, for a num-ber of decades ( both relational SQL technology and the MUMPS-based VA FileMan database technology of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. She was admitted to the Sigma Xi science research honorary for research leading to a paper presented in Nagoya, Japan, in 1988: “Implications of Non-1NF Extensions to the Relational Database Model for the MUMPS Standard and MUMPS Databases.” From 1988 through 1996 she served as a Consulting Scholar in medical computing for IBM Corporation. Dr. Powell carried out a number of projects for the VA (and also for the Indian Health Service (HIS)) over the years through 1999. From 1988 through 1992 she worked with Trident Technical College in Charleston, SC, to add an electronic dental record for patients served by their oral health education programs (dental hygiene and dental assisting).
392
During this period she also served on software standards committees: X3/DBSSG (Database Systems Study Group), X11 (MUMPS Users Group), NCITS/T3 (OSI Telecommunications), and as chair of NCITS/J21 (model-based formal specifi cation systems), a committee with U.S. Technical Advisory Group (TAG) responsibilities for the Z and VDM international standards. Dr. Powell learned health informatics through collaboration with Dr. Charles J. Austin, author of textbooks on hospital information systems, and Dr. med. Wolfgang Giere, Director, Zentrum für medizinische Informatik, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and through almost 30 years of experience assisting the U.S. Veterans Health Administration and working with its DHCP (later VistA) electronic health record (EHR) technology. In 1999 she gave invited lectures on health informatics and Year 2000 concerns at the Zentrum für Medizinische Informatik, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. She also lectured on Year 2000 issues at the Brandenburg Technische Hochschule in Cottbus. These lectures were sponsored by the U.S. Embassy in Berlin.
In 2000 she felt she needed clinical experience to do the kind of work in health care informatics she wished to do and completed the prerequisites for a degree in Radiologic Technology, and then the degree itself, passing the ARRT registry exam in 2002. She found this clinical experience valuable in her infor-matics work. She chose imaging as it would (and did) give her contact with many sub-specialties of medical care as well as fi rst-hand experience in the Emergency Department and with a variety of surgical procedures in the operating room envi-ronment. It gave her experience with the workfl ow of the care setting and the necessary sense of delivering care to an individual patient for which one is responsible and not just for patient data. Since 1999 Dr. Powell has worked with WorldVistA, a non-profi t organization making open-source VA VistA EHR tech-nology available domestically and internationally. In 2007 she was invited by the Mexican government agency Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) to provide technical advice on health information technology (HIT) in Mexico City. She taught health care informatics at Robert Morris University.
In 2007, Pennsylvania Gov. Ed Rendell appointed Dr. Powell to the Governor’s Commission on Chronic Care Management, Reimbursement, and Cost Reduction, because of her extensive work with health information technology. With this assignment and facing the question as to whether performance measures pro-posed for the Commission’s strategic plan were adequate, she noticed the omis-sion of “dental referral” from the set of diabetes performance measures. She sought advice from the American Academy of Periodontology research staff in Chicago to learn what she needed to know to evaluate diabetes performance measures. She set about bringing her evaluation to the attention of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and encouraged the ADA to add “dental referral” to its Standards of Care (SoC) for diabetes. This was done in 2007–2008. In 2008 she started giving lectures on and writing on the need to integrate medical and dental care and patient data. She holds an appointment as University Professor, Computer and Information Systems, at Robert Morris University, Moon Township, Pennsylvania, where she has taught for 20 years. Contact information: [email protected]
Appendix D
393
Torres-Urquidy, Miguel Humberto • Miguel Humberto Torres-Urquidy, D . D . S ., M . S ., Ph . D . (candidate) is a den-tist who graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. He continued his training with a Masters in Biomedical Informatics at the University of Pittsburgh where he is also fi nishing his PhD. In addition, he works as Informatics Fellow for the Infl uenza Division at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He is also Chair of the Dental Informatics Working Groups for both the American Medical Informatics Association and the International Medical Informatics Association. He has published and currently serves as reviewer in several major scientifi c journals and conferences.
List of Contributing Authors
Araújo, Filipe Miguel • Filipe Araújo , D . M . D ., M . Sc ., is a Masters Degree Lecturer in Dental Medicine of the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University. Born in Coimbra, Portugal, Dr. Araújo was part of the second graduation course in Dental Medicine (2007) in the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University, a state-of-the-art modern dental school incorporating dental new technologies, including an all-in-one concept of clinical equipment, coupled with an advanced interactive ICT-based infrastructure.
Immediately after his graduation he was invited to start teaching Fixed Prosthodontics and Dental Biomaterials as a Lecturer. In 2010, he completed his Masters Degree in Dental Medicine with research in fi xed prosthodontics. In 2011 he was invited to teach also in Dental Informatics, under the supervision of Professor André Correia, Head of this Curricular Unit.
Dr. Araújo is fully committed to electronic oral-health records and practice management systems, since the University Dental Clinic of the Portuguese Catholic University has electronic support provided by Newsoft Dente®, a lead-ing PMS company in Portugal.
Dr. Araújo also has a private practice in Dentistry with special dedication to Dental Implants, Biomaterials and Prosthodontics. His research interests included Prosthodontics, Biomaterials, Dental Informatics and Dental Education. He is member of the Portuguese Dental Association, and member of the International Team for Implantology (ITI).
Contact Information: Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Campus de Viseu, Estrada da Circunvalação 3504–505 Viseu; [email protected] Allen, Mureen • Mureen Allen , M . D ., M . S ., M . A ., FACP has held a number of positions in the health information technology (HIT) industry and has worked on a variety of HIT initiatives, including solutions directed to physicians. Dr. Allen is commit-ted to the development of HIT solutions that improve the delivery of health care. Her interests include clinical decision support, quality measurement, systems interoperability, usability, and the patient-centered medical home.
Appendix D
394
Dr. Allen was the Senior Associate for Informatics and Practice Improvement at the American College of Physicians (ACP), providing support for HIT public policy initiatives. Dr. Allen served as a co-chair of the Health Information Technology Standards Panel. As a co-chair she was active in identifying the appropriate standards to support consumer empowerment while using a personal health record, and also supported the identifi cation of standards for consumers to express their preferences for sharing data.
Dr. Allen is board-certifi ed in internal medicine. Beyond her recognition as a Fellow of the American College of Physicians, she is a member of the American Medical Association and the American Medical Informatics Association. Dr. Allen holds master’s degrees in Biomedical Informatics and in Technology Management.
Contact information: [email protected] Boggs, Kelly • Kelly A. Boggs, B.S., M.B.A - Ms. Boggs has recently transitioned to healthcare from a decade long career in sales. As an Academic Administrative Fellow in the Division of Education, serving under the Division Administrator since 2010, she is gaining knowledge of the vision and culture at Marshfi eld Clinic and working on various special projects. Prior to that she served as a healthcare account executive, at Johnson Controls in their building effi ciency division. Ms. Boggs received her Master’s Degree from the University of Phoenix in healthcare management, and her undergraduate degree in political science and public administration from the University of Wisconsin Stevens Point. Her interest lies in developing and imple-menting a new model of education that will bring the practice of medicine and dentistry closer, reduce costs and help streamline the process of delivering health-care. Ms. Boggs’ current projects include the creation of several dental programs including a post-baccalaureate program and dental residency program. Casamassimo, Paul • Paul Casamassimo , D.D.S., M.S., is Professor and Chair, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, and Chief of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio. He is former Editor-in-Chief of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) and its journal, Pediatric Dentistry , and also a past-president of AAPD. Dr. Casamassimo is past-president of the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped and past editor of the Journal of Dentistry for the Handicapped and the Journal of Dentistry for Children . Dr. Casamassimo has directed studies addressing early childhood caries and its management and represents the AAPD on projects related to infant oral health, maternal oral health, school health, and dental education. He is currently Interim Director of the AAPD Oral Health Policy Research Center. Chaudhari, Monica • Monica Chaudhari , M . S ., is a statistician providing methodological, analytical and statistical support to Washington Dental Service. She joined WDS in 2006 after attaining a master’s degree in biostatistics from the University of Washington. Her functional areas at WDS include facilitation of medical-dental collaborative research, multi-center provider profi ling, dental utilization and costs analysis, and dental treatments and outcomes assessment. Her work has focused on statis-tical methods for skewed and over-dispersed data, missing data, mixed-effect
Appendix D
395
models, longitudinal – survival joint models, propensity scores and estimation of lifetime cost models. She is also interested in applications of statistical decision theory to evaluate benefi t plans and treatment pricing strategy for cost effectiveness with subjective assessments of oral health outcomes. One future goal is to develop new longitudinal models to account for temporal patterns in multistate progres-sion of oral diseases when assessing the overall utility of oral health trajectory.
More recently, Ms . Chaudhari and Group Health investigators examined association between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease in health outcomes and medical costs. They also looked at implications of diabetes in use of dental services and costs. Ms . Chaudhari serves as a journal referee and belongs to professional organizations including the International Biometric Society and the American Statistical Association (ASA). Cheriyan, Biju • Biju Cheriyan , M . B . B . S ., D . L . O . is an otolaryngologist who has worked as a fellow in a large teaching institution as well as a consultant in private practice in Holy Cross Hospital, Kottiyam and Caritas Hospital, Kottayam in Kerala, India. Dr . Cheriyan has rich clinical experience in the management of head and neck infections and tumors and chronic oro-facial pain. His special interests are mid-dle ear reconstruction procedures and microsurgical procedures of the larynx. Chyou, Po-Huang • Currently Dr . Po-Huang Chyou is the director of the Biostatistics group at the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation. He has 22 years of biostatistical applica-tion experience in cancer, coronary heart disease, and aging studies. This experi-ence includes seven years with the Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, and 15 years with the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfi eld, Wisconsin. In addition, Dr . Chyou has a strong interest in conducting epidemio-logical research and methodological research in the above-mentioned areas. He has authored or co-authored 90 papers in peer-reviewed journals. Regularly, he gives seminars and presentations to clinicians and scientists. Also, Dr . Chyou has many years of work experience using SAS and SUDAAN (Survey Data Analysis) statistical software packages and in helping research clinicians and scientists applying for and receiving research grants.
Contact information: Po-Huang Chyou, Ph.D., Director/Senior Biostatistician, Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfi eld, WI 54449, Work Phone: (715) 389–4776; Work E-mail: [email protected] dclin.edu ; Work Fax: (715) 221–6402. Correia, Andre • André Correia , D . M . D ., Ph . D ., is an Invited Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Porto (FMDUP) and in the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University (DCS-UCP).
Born in Porto, Portugal, Prof. Correia graduated in Dental Medicine in 2003 in FMDUP. In 2004 he was invited to become a Lecturer in the Dental Medicine Graduation Course of the DCS-UCP, a state-of-the-art modern dental school. This School pioneered the inclusion of Dental Informatics in its Curriculum, and Prof. Correia assumed the leadership of the area. From 2005 until now he is Head Professor of this discipline. Due to this commitment, Prof. Correia estab-lished formal contacts with Professor Titus Schleyer (Director of the Center for
Appendix D
396
Dental Informatics of the University of Pittsburgh) and in 2007 he completed an internship in this Center under the supervision of Professor Heiko Spallek, par-ticipating in a Project intitled “Proposal for an advanced IT / Informatics Course for Senior Pre-Doctoral Students”.
In 2006, he was invited to teach as a Lecturer in FMDUP. In 2009, he achieved a PhD Degree in Dental Medicine (Area of Prosthodontics and Occlusion) in FMDUP. In the same year he became an Invited Assistant Professor in FMDUP and in the DCS-UCP, and also a Researcher in the ‘Experimental Mechanics and New Materials’ Research Unit.
In 2010, FMDUP invited Prof. Correia to integrate a discipline of Informatics and New Technologies in Dentistry into its PhD Degree and also into the disci-pline of Dental Medicine, at the Masters Degree level of studies.
Besides his academic activity, Prof. Correia also conducts private practice Dentistry in the Dr. Manuel Neves Dental Clinic, Porto, Portugal, with special dedication to Oral Rehabilitation and to New Technologies applied to Dentistry. His research interests include Dental Informatics, Prosthodontics, Implantology, Oral Biomechanics and Dental Education.
Prof. Correia is fully committed to electronic oral-health records (e-OHR) and practice managements systems (PMS), being a full user of these technolo-gies in the University Dental Clinic and in its Private Practice. He is member of the Portuguese Dental Association, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, and Speaker of the International Team for Implantology (ITI).
Contact Information: 1. Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto. Rua Dr. Manuel
Pereira da Silva, 4200–393, Porto, Portugal. [email protected] 2. Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Campus de Viseu, Estrada da
Circunvalação 3504–505 Viseu; [email protected] Diehl, Mark • Mark Diehl , D . D . S , is the Director of the Health Informatics program at Misericordia University, Dallas, PA, where he has built a comprehensive under-graduate, graduate, and continuing education program. His research interests include data architecture and modeling, information governance, and the human-system interaction.
Dr. Diehl is member of the US Technical Advisory Group of the International Standards Organization Technical Committee 215 on Health Informatics, chair of the American Dental Association Standards Committee on Dental Informatics Subcommittee 11 on Clinical Informatics, and co-chair of the ASTM subcom-mittee E31.25 on Healthcare Data Management, Security, Confi dentiality, and Privacy. He is the principal author of several health informatics standards such as the ANSI/ADA Specifi cations 1000, 1027, and 1039, and ASTM standards E2145 and E2436. He has also contributed to standards work in Health Level Seven, serving as the HL7 liaison to the American Dental Association, and has worked on standards activities in the ANSI Health Information Technology Standards Panel and the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs.
Among his degrees, Dr. Diehl received a D. D. S. from Temple University, a MA in Computer Data Management and Health Systems Management from
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Webster University, and a MPH in Health Services Administration from the Uniformed Services University.
Contact information: 301 Lake St. Dallas, PA 18612; [email protected] . Farman, Allan • Allan G . Farman , B . D . S ., Ph . D ., M . B . A ., D . Sc ., Diplomate ABOMR , is a dentist with a current specialty license in Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology in the Commonwealth of Kentucky, current specialty listing in Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology from the General Dental Council, United Kingdom, and a current specialty license in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in the Republic of South Africa. He holds earned doctorates both in Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Dr. Farman is current President of the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (2009–2011), was 11th President of the International Association of DentoMaxilloFacial Radiology (1994–97), and is founder and organizer of the annual International Congress and exposition Computed Maxillofacial Imaging. He has served as a voting representative to the DICOM Standards Committee for more than a decade and is founding Co-Chair of DICOM Working Group 22 (Dentistry). He is Professor of Radiology and Imaging Science, The University of Louisville School of Dentistry, with concurrent appointments in Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, and in Diagnostic Radiology at the Medical School of the same institution. He is Honored Guest Professor to Peking University, Beijing, China. He has contributed to more than 400 journal articles and edited or authored more than 20 books and proceedings, in addition to editorships of a number of scien-tifi c journals. Foreman, Stephen • Stephen Foreman , J . D ., Ph . D ., M . P . A ., is Associate Professor of Health Economics at Robert Morris University, Pittsburgh, PA, and in 2008–2009 was a Fulbright Scholar at the Crimea State Medical University, Simferopol, Crimea, where he lectured and conducted research in comparative health policy. CMSU made him an honorary professor and a permanent member of the faculty. He has served as Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs for Robert Morris. He has also been Vice President for Research of the Pennsylvania Medical Society.
Dr . Foreman has authored reports for and has testifi ed on behalf of the American Medical Association, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, a number of state medical societies, the Attorney General of New York and a number of major national law fi rms dealing with health care reimbursement and the market for health insurance. He served on Governor Edward Rendell’s health care reform task force. He was the author of the 2005, 2007 and 2010 State of Medicine reports published by the Pennsylvania Medical Society.
Dr . Foreman holds a Ph.D. in Health Economics from the University of California, Berkeley, a J.D. from the University of North Carolina and a Master in Public Administration from Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government. Dr. Foreman’s research includes the economics of aging and health insurance markets. Contact information: [email protected]
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Geist, Shin-Mey Rose Yin • Shin - Mey Rose Yin Geist , D . D . S ., M . S ., is an Associate Professor in the Departments of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences and Patient Management at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry. Born and raised in Taiwan, Republic of China, Dr . Geist graduated from Dental School in Taiwan in 1974. She specialized in Oral Surgery and was teaching in the University Hospital when she found her passion for Oral Medicine. She completed her master’s degree in Oral Diagnosis/Oral Medicine at the Indiana University School of Dentistry in 1985 and then studied and worked in Molecular Biology and DNA cloning research at the medical schools at Indiana University and Wayne State University. Dr. Geist received her DDS degree in 1990 from University of Detroit and has been teaching oral diagnosis and oral medicine at UDM since that time. She has been course director of the advanced oral medicine course for graduate students in Periodontics and advanced General Dentistry. Dr . Geist served as Chair of the Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine section of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) and is presently serving on the editorial review board of the Journal of Dental Education, the offi cial journal of ADEA. She was recently appointed as a member of the content analysis working group of MedEdPORTAL Oral Health in Medicine Model Curriculum. MedEdPORTAL is a peer-reviewed online publication of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), partnered with ADEA.
Dr . Geist has held a Diplomate of the American Board of Oral Medicine since 1992 and has special interest in medically complex dental patient management. She is committed to improving the interface between medical and oral health care. Her research interests include the effi ciency in teaching and service in providing comprehensive coordinated care. Contact information: [email protected] Glaizel, Jeff • Jeffrey R . Glaizel , D . D . S ., developed, designed, implemented and is currently President and CEO of myDDSnetwork.com, a secure web based dental referral and consultation network. The myDDSnetwork platform has been utilized in a project in Ontario to facilitate the secure electronic transfer of patient informa-tion from hospitals to medical doctors’ offi ces. Dr. Glaizel has also been con-tracted to provide consulting services to the health care industry in Ontario. He maintains a private practice dental offi ce in Toronto and is a consultant to the insurance industry with respect to dental claims.
Dr. Glaizel is a member of the Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario (provincial regulatory body) working group for electronic dental records, a mem-ber of the American Medical Informatics Association, American College of Legal Medicine, American Association of Dental Consultants, Ontario Dental Association, Canadian Dental Association, American Dental Association and the Canadian Association for People Centred Health. He lectures and consults groups on electronic record keeping privacy and security, health care workfl ow and interoperability of health care records. Dr. Glaizel received his Doctorate of Dental Surgery from the University of Toronto in 2001. Contact information: (e) [email protected] ; (w) www.myddsnetwork.com
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Gounot-Bertaud, Valerie • Valerie Bertaud - Gounot , Ph . D ., is Associate Professor at the University Psychiatric Hospital of Rennes in France. She obtained her bachelor’s degree in computer engineering and subsequently her dental degree. She later obtained a PhD in Biomedical Informatics followed by a Masters in Statistics. She teaches preventive medicine, biostatistics, evidence-based medicine and dental informat-ics. In addition, she continues her clinical activities providing care for patients at the Dental Emergencies Facility of the University Hospital and the Dental Offi ce of the Psychiatric Hospital of Rennes. Holder, Matt • Matthew Holder , M . D ., M . B . A ., is an international leader in the emerging fi eld of Developmental Medicine, Dr. Holder advocates on behalf of people with neu-rodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disabilities (ND/ID) for better health services. Dr. Holder currently serves as the Global Medical Advisor for Special Olympics International, the Executive Director for the American Academy of Developmental Medicine and Dentistry, and is the Chief Executive Offi cer of the Underwood and Lee Clinic in Louisville, Kentucky – a clinic whose mission is to serve the medical, dental and behavioral health needs of people with ND/ID. Over the course of his career, Dr. Holder has advocated at local, state, national and internal levels for better healthcare for people with ND/ID. To this end, Dr. Holder has authored numerous policy statements, research papers and educa-tional curricula. Hood, Henry • Henry Hood , D . M . D ., is Director of the Underwood and Lee Clinic, and he is also a Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Orthodontic, Pediatric and Geriatric Dentistry, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Hood is Co-Founder and Immediate Past President of the American Academy of Developmental Medicine and Dentistry and Chief Clinical Offi cer for the CHYRON Management Corporation. Johnson, Bruce • Bruce A . Johnston , M . L . S . is an Associate Professor of Learning Resources and Health Sciences Librarian at Robert Morris University, Pittsburgh, PA. In these roles, he is actively involved in the development and provision of library services, information, and instruction to faculty and students in the School of Nursing and Health Sciences. In addition, he serves on several University-wide committees and is co-chairperson of the Robert Morris University Institutional Review Board (IRB). A 1979 graduate of the University of Pittsburgh School of Library and Information Sciences, he has held several positions at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) including Director, Blair-Lippincott Library/Learning Resource Center at the Eye & Ear Hospital of Pittsburgh (1979–1996). He presently also serves as Administrative Librarian for the Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. He has co-authored several papers in the fi eld of library science, the most recent of which examined publication misrepresentation rates among Otolaryngology resident applicants.
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Kilsdonk, Joseph • Joseph Kilsdonk , AuD , has served as the Administrator for Marshfi eld Clinic’s Education Division since 2004. The Division oversees the largest community health center based training programs in the State of Wisconsin. Prior to that he served as an associate dean overseeing health career’s for a public college, served as an executive for a national ancillary health care service corporation, served on the management team of a multi-specialty physician group practice and a com-munity hospital, taught as an assistant professor, and founded and managed hos-pital and community based outreach practices.
Dr . Kilsdonk was the lead author on the Clinic’s dental education feasibility study leading to its current efforts in dental education resulting in a public – pri-vate partnership for rural dental education expansion. He has presented locally, regionally, and nationally on a number of health care and practice management topics. Most recently he has presented to the “National Health Policy Forum on Oral Health; 10 Years after the Surgeon’s General Report” in Washington DC. He has served on Wisconsin’s Dental Education Feasibility Study Advisory Committee and presently serves on the Advisory Committee for the Wisconsin Academy for Rural Medicine, the Committee for the Wisconsin Rural Physician Residency Assistance Program, and the Chancellor’s Advisory Committee for University of Wisconsin at Stevens Point. He has been a manuscript reviewer for the Journal of Dental Education since 2009. Dr . Kilsdonk received his doctorate in audiology for the Arizona School of Health Sciences, a Masters Degree from the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, and his undergraduate degree in commu-nicative disorders from the University of Wisconsin Stevens Point. Klein, W Ted • W . Ted Klein , M . S ., Klein Consulting, Inc. Vocabulary Co-chair, HL7 Inter-national. Contact Information: [email protected] Kovaric, Jessica • Jessica Kovarik , B . A ., is currently an ophthalmology resident at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. She received her BA in philosophy at Cornell and then pursued her MD at the University Of Miami Miller School Of Medicine. Her current interests include delivery of eye care in underserved populations. Leite, Filipa Almeida • Filipa Almeida Leite , M . D ., is a fi nal-year resident in a Pediatric Training Program in S. Teotónio Hospital, in Viseu, Portugal. Born in Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal, Dr. Leite pursued her Medical Degree in the Faculty of Medical Sciences in the New University of Lisbon, the capital of the country, achieving graduation in 2004. From 2005 to 2006 she completed a General Internship in S. Sebastião Hospital in Santa Maria da Feira, and in 2006 she entered a Pediatric Training Program in the S. Teotónio Hospital, in Viseu, which she will fi nish in June 2011. In this PTP she performed Clinical Attending through different Pediatric Departments during which she developed several publications in the form of papers, abstracts, posters and oral communications, winning a fi rst prize for the Best Oral Presentation in the 58th Congress of the Spanish Society of Pediatrics, in 2009.
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Dr. Leite is totally committed to electronic health records, due to her experi-ence in different departments of various hospitals, where she has worked with Alert® (a leading clinical system in Portugal, with contracts in 12 countries), Medtrix EPR, a third prize awarded software by the XI Microsoft Health Users Group developed in S. Sebastião Hospital and SAM (electronic health record of the Portuguese Health System Central Administration).
Following a special interest in Neurology, Dr. Leite completed an observer-ship in the Department of Neurology of the Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, under the supervision of Prof. David Urion, in 2010. Besides the Clinical Training and a pediatric private practice, Dr. Leite had a Secondary Appointment as a Clinical Instructor of Pediatrics in the Medical Program of the Jean Piaget University of Angola. Dr. Leite is member of the Portuguese Medical Association and the Portuguese Society of Pediatrics. Contact information: fi [email protected] Liceaga, Rodrigo • Rodrigo Licéaga - Reyes , D . D . S ., Ph . D ., has been working since 2000 at the Juarez Hospital in Mexico City in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and he has been Associate Professor since 2004. His prominent work at Juarez Hospital made him an invited professor in oral and maxillofacial surgery from other programs of trainees in Mexico, Peru and the Dominican Republic.
Dr . Licéaga - Reyes has authored publications in different areas including oral surgery, oral and maxillofacial pathology, orthognathic surgery, maxillofacial trauma, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, reconstructive surgery and dental stem cells. He is member of the Mexican College and Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and is certifi ed by the Mexican Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
Dr . Licéaga - Reyes holds a Ph.D. in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from the Juarez Hospital and the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); He is currently Associate Professor or Oral Surgery at Technological University of Mexico (UNITEC). He is committed to improving the relationship between oral and medical health care systems as well as the medical and surgical educa-tion of the dental students. He also holds a DDS from the National Autonomous University of Mexico.
Dr . Licéaga - Reyes has been a speaker in Mexico, the USA, South America, Central America and the Caribbean. His private practice is established in Mexico City, limited to oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Contact Information: Tlaxcala 177–606, Col. H Condesa, Mexico, DF, Mexico 06170; [email protected] Mahnke, Andrea • Andrea Mahnke , B . S ., is a Usability Analyst for Biomedical Informatics Research Center of the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation. Andrea’s research focus is in health communication and emerging media technologies. Currently she is a usability analyst in the Interactive Clinical Design Institute (ICDI). ICDI features the Interaction Laboratory where she observes, records and analyzes people interacting with health care computer hardware and soft-ware interfaces. The understanding gained from these studies guides design of
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new computer systems that will be faster, easier to use and reduce medical errors. Andrea also mentors summer undergraduate and graduate intern students. She has presented posters at several national conferences. Andrea is currently pursu-ing her Master of Science degree.
Contact information: Andrea Mahnke, B.S., Usability Analyst, Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfi eld, WI 54449; 715-389-4474; mahnke.andrea@marshfi eldclinic.org Marques, Tiago Miguel • Tiago Marques , D . M . D ., M . Sc ., is a Masters Degree Lecturer in Dental Medicine of the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University.
Born in Viseu, Portugal, Dr.Marques was part of the second graduation course in Dental Medicine (2007) in the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University, a state-of-the-art modern dental school incorporating dental new technologies, including an all-in-one concept of clinical equipment, coupled with an advanced interactive ICT-based infrastructure.
Immediately after his graduation, in 2007, he was invited to start teaching Periodontology and Gerodontology in this Department. In 2008, he successfully completed a post-graduation in Oral Surgery at the Universidad La Habana, Cuba. In 2010, he completed his Masters Degree in Dental Medicine in the Health Sciences Department of the Portuguese Catholic University with a research on Periodontology. In 2011 he was invited to teach also in Dental Informatics, under the supervision of Professor André Correia, Head of this Curricular Unit.
Currently, he is the Clinician responsible for private appointments at the Portuguese Catholic University. Dr. Marques is fully committed to electronic oral-health records and practice managements systems, since this University has an electronic support provided by Newsoft Dente®, leading PMS company in Portugal.
Dr. Marques also practices private Dentistry with special dedication to Periodontology, Dental Implants, Prosthodontics. His research interests include Dental Informatics, Periodontology, Biomaterials and Dental Education. He is member of the Portuguese Dental Association of the International Team for Implantology (ITI).
Contact Information: Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Campus de Viseu, Estrada
da Circunvalação 3504–505 Viseu; [email protected] Mishra, Sushma • Sushma Mishra , M . B . A .. Ph . D ., is an assistant professor of computer informa-tion systems at Robert Morris University. She has a MBA degree from India and a PhD in information systems from Virginia Commonwealth University. Dr . Mishra ’ s research interests include information security, information assur-ance issues in health care information systems, systems auditing and systems development methodologies. Dr . Mishra has been published in several
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conference proceedings, book chapters and journal articles on these topics. She teaches information security and decision support systems. Contact information: [email protected] Nash, David A • David A . Nash , D . M . D ., M . S ., Ed . D ., is the William R. Willard Professor of Dental Education, and professor of pediatric dentistry, at the College of Dentistry of the University of Kentucky. He holds joint appointments as professor of behavioral science in the College of Medicine, and professor of public health ethics in the College of Public Health. From 1987–1997, Nash was dean of the College of Dentistry at Kentucky. Nash’s primary contributions to the literature are on the themes of dental education, professional ethics, and the oral health care workforce. He has served as a visiting professor at over one-half of the nation’s dental schools in the United States, and at several institutions interna-tionally. He has been a prime advocate of integrating dental education with medi-cal education, and has called for the creation and adoption of an “oral physician” curriculum. He has also been a leader in advocating adding a new member to the dental team, a “pediatric oral health therapist,” to help address the problem of access to oral health care for children. Nash has been named by the American Student Dental Association as one of its “visionaries” in American dentistry. He has been acknowledged by students with several outstanding teaching awards. Nycz, Gregor • Greg Nycz is Director of Family Health Center of Marshfi eld, Inc., (FHC) a fed-erally funded community health center. Greg has been involved with the planning and operation of FHC for over 36 years. The Family Health Center of Marshfi eld, Inc./Marshfi eld Clinic partnership has been a model of how a health care delivery system can be developed to meet needs of rural, medically underserved popula-tions. It was formally recognized as such by the Clinton Administration in 1999. Greg, who completed a U.S. Public Health Service Primary Care Policy Fellowship in 1997, has been a co investigator and/or project director for numerous research projects related to providing health care services to underserved rural areas and economically disadvantaged individuals and families.
Nycz also has been invited to attend, participate and make presentations at local, state and national conferences on such issues as the future of family health centers, mental health services in rural populations, Medicare and Medicaid ser-vices, health insurance for the uninsured, health care fi nancing, research oppor-tunities in rural settings and public and private efforts to improve public health. Greg has served on numerous state and national advisory groups and commit-tees, including recent appointments to the NIH Director’s Council of Public Representatives and the State of Wisconsin’s Special Committee on Health Care Access. Greg is a member of the University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health’s (UWSMPH) Oversight and Advisory Committee and Medical Education and Research Committee. He also serves on the Advisory Board for the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute.
Among many recognitions, Greg has been honored with the American Dental Association Access Recognition Award in 1995, the National Association of
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Community Health Centers Advocacy Award for outstanding work to advance the legislative agenda of the health center movement in 1996, the Wisconsin Rural Health Association’s “2000 Rural Health Achievement Award” for leadership, innovation and service for rural health in Wisconsin, and the National Network for Oral Health Access, Oral Health Champion Award, October 26, 2010.
Contact information: Greg Nycz, Director, Family Health Center of Marshfi eld, Inc., 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfi eld, WI 54449; 715-387-9137; nycz.greg@marshfi eldclinic.org Piraino, Beth • Beth Piraino , M . D ., received her bachelor’s of science from the University of Pittsburgh. She attended medical school at the Medical College of Pennsylvania, and graduated magna cum laude. She did her subsequent training in Internal Medicine and Nephrology at the University of Pittsburgh Health Center, after which she joined the faculty of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, rising through the ranks over the years to her current position as tenured Professor of Medicine and Associate Dean of Admissions and Financial Aid.
Dr. Piraino’s major research interest has been to improve outcomes of patients on peritoneal dialysis. She has published widely in the area of peritoneal dialysis, with numerous presentations at national and international meetings. She received the prestigious Life Time Achievement Award at the 24th Annual Dialysis Conference in 2004 for contributions to the care of peritoneal dialysis patients. She has received the Gift of Life Award from the NKF of Western Pennsylvania. She is the President Elect of the National Kidney Foundation. She is yearly listed in ‘Best Doctors,’ by Pittsburgh magazine. Contact information: 412-383-4899. Schleyer, Titus K • Titus Schleyer , D . M . D ., Ph . D ., is currently Associate Professor and Director of the Center for Dental Informatics ( http://di.dental.pitt.edu ) at the University of Pittsburgh. He holds DMD degrees from the University of Frankfurt, Germany, and Temple University, Philadelphia, as well as a PhD degree in molecular biol-ogy from the University of Frankfurt and an MBA degree in Health Administration from Temple University. Dr. Schleyer has been active in dental informatics research since 1989, conducting seminal research on electronic dental records, and Internet applications, workfl ow and human-computer interaction in dentistry. Since 1997, Dr. Schleyer has been a recipient of a training grant for dental infor-matics from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. As a co-director of the Biomedical Informatics Training Program of the School of Medicine, he is responsible for the dental informatics concentration, in which he typically mentors several PhD and MS students. Dr. Schleyer also teaches dental informatics in the School of Dental Medicine predoctoral program and is a clini-cal instructor in general dentistry. Dr. Schleyer’s research on dental computer applications is primarily funded by the National Institutes of Health. He pub-lishes regularly on dental informatics topics in major journals, such as the Journal of the American Dental Association and the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. Dr. Schleyer is a member of the American Dental Association’s Standards Committee for Dental Informatics. In 2009, he was
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elected to the American College of Medical Informatics. More information about Dr. Schleyer is available at http://about.me/titusschleyer . Schrodi, Stephen J • S teven J . Schrodi , Ph . D ., Associate Research Scientist – Genetics, Center for Human Genetics, 1000 North Oak Avenue – MLR, Marshfi eld, WI 54449. Dr . Steven J . Schrodi is currently an Associate Research Scientist at the Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation in the Center for Human Genetics. His primary research interests lie in complex disease genetics, genetics theory, applied probabilistic models, and population genetics. He is a principal investi-gator in the University of Wisconsin Institute for Clinical and Translational Research and a member of the Wisconsin Genomics Initiative. Dr . Schrodi ’ s research has led to several patents and 28 publications in leading scientifi c jour-nals. He holds a doctoral degree from the University of California and has previ-ously conducted research at the Celera Corporation, The Institute for Theoretical Dynamics, and NASA Ames Research Center. Dr . Schrodi is a member of the American Society of Human Genetics, the International Society of Bayesian Analysis, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has also served on the Scientifi c Advisory Board of DNA Sciences. His experimental studies have resulted in novel discoveries of genes involved in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegeneration, liver fi brosis, and psoriasis, thereby highlighting key biological pathways responsible for these diseases. Dr . Schrodi has also developed Bayesian mapping methods, extended linkage disequilibrium theory, robust experimental design methods, and has made advancements in the-oretical molecular evolution. His work has been awarded the Applera Demonstrated Noteworthy Achievement Award in 2007 and the Top 10 Arthritis Advancement Award of 2004 from the Arthritis Foundation.
Dr . Schrodi ’ s laboratory currently focuses on fi nding genetic variants that predispose individuals to chronic, systemic infl ammation, infectious diseases, differential response to pharmaceuticals, neurodevelopmental traits, periodontal disease, and metabolic dysfunction. Additional efforts are placed on large-scale computer simulations, statistical genetic methods, and testable theoretical models.
Contact information: 1-715-221-6443; [email protected] dclin.edu Shoemaker, Wells • Wells Shoemaker , M . D ., is the medical director of the California Association of Physician Groups (CAPG), representing 150 medical groups which serve approximately 18 million Californians in prepaid, comprehensive care, PPO, and governmentally funded care. His work emphasizes quality improvement on the population level, primary care rejuvenation, health disparities, and employer-group health coordination…all of which fi gure prominently as success factors for healthcare reform. He oversees CAPG’s annual Standards of Excellence Survey, which serves as a substantial blue print for the infrastructure to support a successful ACO.
Dr . Shoemaker also serves as the co-Chair of the California Quality Collaborative, a 10 year old purchaser/payor/provider organization. Previously,
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Dr. Shoemaker served as medical director of a Medi-Cal managed care Plan, an IPA, as well as multiple community based initiatives in Santa Cruz County. He was the principal investigator for an AHRQ funded community wide diabetes registry project 2004–2007. Before focusing entirely upon system based care, Dr . Shoemaker practiced primary care pediatrics for 25 years, including 7 years teaching in a family practice residency.
Contact information: 915 Wilshire Blvd #1620, Los Angeles, CA 90017; [email protected] . Thyvalikakath, Thankam • Thankam Thyvalikakath , B . D . S ., M . D . S ., M . S ., D . M . D ., is Assistant Professor at the University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine. Dr . Thyvalikakath , a researcher and a clinician, holds dental degrees from the University of Kerala, India and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh as well as specialty degree in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from the University of Calicut, India and an MS degree in Biomedical Informatics from the University of Pittsburgh. She also has a certifi cate in Clinical Research from the University of Pittsburgh. Her current work is focused on clinical applications of dental practice management systems, especially relating to usability and clinical decision-making. Dr. Thyvalikakath has designed novel interfaces for chairside applications that support clinicians’ decision-making and thus improve patient outcomes. Through a K08 grant funded by the NIDCR in 2009, she is implementing and evaluating informatics-based interventions for risk assessment of periodontal disease in general prac-tice. Dr . Thyvalikakath ’ s long-term research interests include, visualizing clinical data to support the cognitive needs of clinicians during patient care, developing decision support tools that identify high-risk patients for chronic oral diseases and implementation and evaluation of informatics-based interventions to help clinicians deliver improved patient care effi ciently and effectively. Walls, AWG • Angus W . G . Walls , B . D . S ., Ph . D ., FDSRCS (England and Edinburgh). Dr . Walls is currently Professor of Restorative Dentistry and Director of Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University and Honorary Consultant in Restorative Dentistry to the Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. He is Vice Dean of the Faculty of Dental Surgery, RCS England. His research interests are the oral health needs of the older population, particularly the oral and dental problems of older people with natural teeth. In 2003 Dr . Walls received the Distinguished Scientist Award from the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), which observes that Dr . Walls ’ work “has furthered the understanding of oral health care needs of the ageing popula-tion and in particular the association between oral health status and nutrition (BDJ, 2003).” He has more than 100 publications to his credit and has presented many of these fi ndings at major conferences worldwide. Dr . Walls is the principal contact for the Oral and Dental Research Trust, which makes awards to support investigations of clinical relevance, particularly in the fi eld of preventive care. British Dental Journal , doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4810377
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Walji, Muhammad F • Muhammad Walji , Ph . D . is an Assistant Professor at the University of Texas Dental Branch at Houston focused on dental informatics research. He received a B.S. in Biology in 2001 from the University of Texas at Dallas, and a M.S and Ph.D. in Health Informatics from University of Texas School of Health Information Sciences in December 2003, and December 2006 respectively. From 2003 to 2006, he was a National Library of Medicine (NLM) funded pre-doctoral fellow. He joined the Department of Diagnostic Sciences at the UT Dental Branch in January 2007. Dr . Walji currently serves as Principal Investigator of a NLM funded grant to develop an Inter-university Oral Health Data Repository from EHR data that will allow end users to directly explore and extract information to support their specifi c research or decision making needs. In addition, he serves as co-investigator on the NICDR funded project seeking to apply a cognitive approach to refi ne and enhance use of a Dental Diagnostic Terminology and user interface in EHRs. Dr . Walji is also a Project Leader for Project 1: Work-Centered Design of Care Process Improvements in HIT, which is part of the National Center for Cognitive Informatics and Decision Making in Healthcare (NCCD). He has also done extensive work in consumer-health informatics where he has presented and published numerous papers on issues relating to E-health. Contact: [email protected] Waxman, Evan • Evan ( Jake ) Waxman , M . D ., Ph . D . is currently Assistant Professor and Vice Chair for Education at the University Of Pittsburgh Department Of Ophthalmology. His medical degree is from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. His PhD in Biomedical Sciences is from the City University of New York. He received his ophthalmology training at the University of California, Davis. Dr . Waxman maintains a busy comprehensive ophthalmology practice in Pittsburgh. Since 1999 he has directed ophthalmology medical student education at the University of Pittsburgh. In addition, since 2001 has served as the ophthal-mology residency program director. He is the recipient of numerous medical stu-dent and resident teaching awards. He is currently Vice President for Information Technologies for the Association of University Professors in Ophthalmology Medical Student Educators Council. His current areas of focus include the use of interactive fi ction in the creation of virtual patients for training health care pro-viders and research into delivery of eye care in underserved populations. Yoder, Natalie F. • Natalie F . Yoder , B . S ., is a usability analyst at the Biomedical Informatics Research Center of Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation. Ms. Yoder earned a bachelor’s degree in Psychology with a Human Services Emphasis from the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. In addition to her course work, her undergraduate studies included an internship in clinical psychology and research in applied psychology and co-authoring an article in Teaching of Psychology . In the last few years Ms. Yoder has presented research posters at various confer-ences including the Midwestern Psychological Association and the American
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Medical Informatics Association. Her current research focus is in investigating the usability of health information technology to facilitate improvements and innovative approaches in the design of electronic medical and dental records.
Contact information: Natalie Yoder, Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfi eld Clinic Research Foundation, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfi eld, WI 54449; (715) 221–6439; [email protected] dclin.edu
Appendix E – List of Resources with URLs
American Academy for Pediatrics (AAP): http://www.aap.org/ – Oral Health Initiative: http://www.aap.org/oralhealth/
American Academy for Periodontology (AAP): http://www.perio.org/ American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry: http://www.aapd.org/ American Dental Association (ADA): http://www.ada.org/ American Dental Education Association (ADEA): http://www.adea.org/Pages/default.aspx American Diabetes Association (ADA): http://www.diabetes.org/ American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA): https://www.amia.org/ and Oral Health:
http://www.idf.org/diabetes-and-oral-health BiomedGT Collaborative Ontology Development Wiki: http://biomedgt.nci.nih.gov/wiki/index.
php/Main_Page Bring Research in Diabetes to Global Environments and Systems (BRIDGES): http://www.idf-
bridges.org/ Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS): http://www.cps.ca/ Code on Dental Procedures and Nomenclature (CDT): http://www.ada.org/3027.aspx Dental Informatics Virtual Global Community (DIOC): http://www.dentalinformatics.com/ HHS/HRSA Strategic Plan: http://www.hrsa.gov/about/strategicplan.html International Classifi cation of Diseases (ICD), International: http://www.who.int/classifi cations/
icd/en/ – USA: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd.htm – UK National Health Service: http://www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/systemsandservices/data/clinicalcoding/codingstandards/icd10
International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization (IHTSDO): http://www.ihtsdo.org/
International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA): http://www.imia.org/ Journal of the Canadian Dental Association (JCDA): http://www.jcda.ca/ Logical Observation Identifi ers Names and Codes (LOINC®): http://loinc.org/ National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP): http://ndep.nih.gov/ – Working Together to
Manage Diabetes: A Guide for Pharmacists, Podiatrists, Optometrists, and Dental Professionals: http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/PPODprimer_color.pdf
National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC): http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/complications_control/
National Institute of Dental and Cranio-Facial Research (NICDR): http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/ – Dental Management of the Organ Transplant Patient http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/Topics/OrganTransplantationOralHealth/OrganTransplantProf.htm – Oral Complications of Cancer Treatment: What the Dental Team Can Do, http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/Topics/CancerTreatment/OralComplicationsCancerOral.htm .
RxNorm of the Unifi ed Medical Language System® (UMLS®): http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/
Scottsdale Project – The Report of the Independent Panel of Experts of the Scottsdale Project: http://downloads.pennnet.com/pnet/gr/scottsdaleproject.pdf
SNODENT: http://www.ada.org/2060.aspx World Dental Federation (IDF): http://www.fdiworldental.org/
409V.J.H. Powell et al. (eds.), Integration of Medical and Dental Care and Patient Data, Health Informatics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2185-5, © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012
A Accountable Care Organization (ACO) , 184 Advanced Education General Dentistry
(AEGD) , 278 Advancing Clinico-Genomic Trials (ACGT) , 56 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
(AHRQ) , 140–141 Aggressive dental treatment plan
costs of , 177–181 potential benefi ts of , 177
American Academy of Pediatricians (AAP) , 6 American Association of Critical Care Nurses
(AACCN) , 358 American Association of Medical Colleges
(AAMC) , 10, 11 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
(ARRA) , 65, 68, 145 American Society for Testing and Materials
(ASTM) , 41 Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) , 89, 90 Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health
(ASDOH) , 274 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities
(ARIC) study , 206 Australian Council on Healthcare Standards
(ACHS) , 141, 143 Autoimmune diseases (AD) , 81
B Bad breath , 213–214 Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) , 59 Betel quid (BQ) chewing , 14 BFO. See Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) Biosurveillance and dentistry
background , 229 and bioterrorism , 230–231
COHR and computer ownership , 231–232 dental organizations , 238 detection algorithms and evaluation ,
237–238 hypothetical case , 233–235 privacy and confi dentiality , 237 proposed system , 232–233 public health systems , 229–230 security and redundancy , 237 software architecture , 235–236 source of information against
bioterrorism , 232 standards , 236 system design , 235 in US , 230
Bioterrorism and dentistry , 230–231 source of information against , 232
Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis (BON) , 83
Bleeding time (BT) , 95 Branch retinal artery occlusion , 209
C Canada
barriers for integration , 300 CIHI and CCIH , 302 governance model , 300–301 OHS , 302 RCDSO , 301
Canadian Council on Integrated Health Care (CCIH) , 302
Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) , 302
Candidate gene studies , 263–264 Candidiasis , 78–79
Index
410 Index
Caries , 256 Cathepsin C , 264 CCHIT. See Certifi cation Commission for
Health Information Technology (CCHIT)
CDS. See Clinical decision support (CDS) Central retinal vein occlusion , 209 Cerebral palsy , 216, 217 Certifi cation Commission for Health
Information Technology (CCHIT) , 65, 71
Chronic graft- versus -host disease (CGVHD) , 83
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) , 79, 92–93 Cleft palate/cleft lip , 211 Clinical attachment level (CAL) , 144 Clinical Data Interchange Standards
Consortium (CDISC) , 242 Clinical decision support (CDS)
clinical drivers , 111–113 DART , 112 historical drivers , 111 PALM version
AppForge application , 120 CPU , 120 display , 119 hardware considerations , 118, 119 high risk patient selection , 128 high risk patient warning , 128 hyperthyroid warning , 123, 124 medical history , 121 memory , 119–120 prophylactic antibiotic dosing , 126, 127 prophylactic antibiotic warning , 126 prosthetic health valve selection , 125 prosthetic health valve warning , 125 thyroid problem selection , 122 thyroid problem sub-type selection , 123
PC version , 129 Clinical quality measure (CQM)
asthma , 150 cancer , 150 diabetes , 149 heart disease , 150
COHR. See Computer-based oral health record (COHR)
Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) products , 30, 38
Community Health Center (CHC), 143 CHC model , 273–274 CHC placement , 278 interrelationship with CHC , 282
Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) , 144
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) , 243
Computer-based oral health record (COHR) , 231–232
Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) , 148, 153
medication orders , 148–153 Cost benefi t analysis
aggressive dental treatment plan costs of , 177–181 potential benefi ts of , 176
costs vs. benefi ts , 181 dental insurance and coverage
in US , 169–170 dental problems and chronic
illness , 171–172 expanded dental insurance
coverage , 181–182 implications for health policy , 172–176
CQM. See Clinical quality measure (CQM) C-reactive protein (CRP)
concentrations , 171 Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) , 20, 21
D Decayed, missing, and fi lled surfaces
(DMFS), 144 Decayed, missing, and fi lled teeth (DMFT) , 144 De novo mutations , 261–262 Dental education
concerns , 280–282 at crossroads , 268–269 economics, equity, and education converge ,
273–275 FQHC model , 276–277 future of , 275–276 IOM recommendations , 269–273 Surgeon General’s Report , 270–271 training
Accountable Care Organization , 279–280
Advanced Education General Dentistry , 278
RMED program , 277 WARM program , 277–278
Dental insurance coverage aggressive dental treatment plan
benefi ts of , 177 costs of , 177–181
cost vs. benefi ts , 181 dental problems and chronic illness ,
171–172 expanded , 181–182
411Index
implications for health policy , 172–176 in United States , 169–170
Dentists and otolaryngologists halitosis (bad breath) , 213–214 headache , 211 nasal sinuses tumor , 212 oral cavity ulcers , 212 refered otalgia (earache) , 213 temporomandibular joint disorders ,
212–213 trigeminal neuralgia , 211–212
Dentogingival epithelial surface area (DGES) , 11, 12
Department of Defense (DoD) , 16 Department of Health and Human Service
(HHS), 7, 71 Description logics (DLs) , 55–56 Descriptive Ontology for Linguistics
and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) , 59
DGES. See Dentogingival epithelial surface area (DGES)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) , 78 Diagnostic aid resource tool (DART) , 112 Digital Imaging and Communications in
Medicine (DICOM) , 27, 63, 64 Disease gene mapping , 258–261
E Earache , 213 Early childhood caries (ECC) , 197–198, 200 Economics
of clinical data integration economic impact , 189–191 increased effi ciency and patient safety ,
188–189 insurance industry studies , 186–187 integrated decision making , 183–185
dental insurance coverage aggressive dental treatment plan,
benefi ts of , 177 aggressive dental treatment plan,
costs of , 177–181 cost vs. benefi ts , 181 dental problems and chronic
illness , 171–172 expanded , 181–182 implications for health policy , 172–176 in United States , 169–170
of integrated decision making , 183–185 EDR. See Electronic dental record (EDR) EHR. See Electronic health record (EHR) EHT. See Electronic healthcare technologies
(EHT)
Electronic data capture , 240–241 Electronic dental record (EDR)
communication between EMR and , 250–251 current use of , 247–249
Electronic fi nancial systems , 247–249 Electronic healthcare technologies (EHT)
context-specifi c delivery , 105–107 totality of data , 109–110 usability , 108–109
Electronic health record (EHR) accountability , 71 audit controls and monitoring , 76 authorization policies , 75 authorization techniques , 72–73 clinical quality measures
asthma , 150 cancer , 150 diabetes , 149 heart disease , 150
cohort selection and patient recruitment , 242
common language for , 241–242 comparative effectiveness research , 243 consumers and providers , 75 data access mechanisms , 72–73 data storage and handling , 73 dental records , 76–77 disaster recovery plan , 76 disaster recovery preparation , 73–74 economic benefi ts of , 188–189 economic impact relative to , 189–191 and electronic data capture , 240–241 health outcomes policy , 145–146 inter-organizational agreements , 75 Marshfi eld Clinic
community health centers , 336–338 dentists’ dashboard application , 335 expert panel discussion analysis ,
344–350 Family Health Center of Marshfi eld,
Inc. , 338–344 Marshfi eld Clinic Health Center
Complex , 333 physicians’ dashboard application , 334
objectives , 146–149 patient consent , 71–72, 74 patient information , 72 patient registries , 244 physical security , 76 policies, procedures and controls , 76 privacy rule
ARRA , 68 CCHIT , 68–69 collection, use and disclosure
limitations , 70
412 Index
Electronic health record (EHR) (cont.) correction , 69 data quality and integrity , 70 individual access , 69 individual choice , 70 openness and transparency , 69 safeguards principle , 70 system complexity , 70
rating and ranking , 358 secondary use of , 242–243 security rule , 67–68 standard access control , 75 standardization and interoperability , 75
state privacy laws , 74 United States Dental School adoption
survey , 245–246 Electronic medical record (EMR) , 250–251 End stage renal disease (ESRD) , 15, 16 Epigenetics , 262–263 Evidence-based integrated care plan (EBICP) , 187
F Federally qualifi ed health center (FQHC) ,
274–277, 279–280 Federally qualifi ed health centers (FQHCs) ,
274, 276–277, 280 Fragile X syndrome , 222–225
G Gardner syndrome , 84–85 Gastro esophageal refl ux disorder (GERD) ,
214, 220 General medical practitioners (GMP) , 14 Genetics
de novo mutations , 261–262 epigenetics , 262–263 genetic technologies and disease gene
mapping , 258–261 heritability , 257–258 oral disease
candidate gene studies , 263–264 future of , 266–268 genome-wide association studies , 266 linkage studies , 264–265
site frequency spectrum , 261–262 structural variants , 261–262
Genetic technologies , 258–261 Genome-wide association studies , 266 Genome-wide linkage studies , 264–265 Genomics
modern genetics de novo mutations , 261–262
epigenetics , 262–263 genetic technologies and disease gene
mapping , 258–261 heritability , 257–258 site frequency spectrum , 261–262 structural variants , 261–262
oral disease genetics candidate gene studies , 263–264 future of , 266–268 genome-wide association
studies , 266 linkage studies , 264–265
oral disease phenotypes caries , 256 chronic infl ammation, metabolic
dysfunction, and infection , 253–254
oral cancers , 256–257 periodontitis , 254–256
technological progress in , 261 transformative developments , 252
GERD. See Gastro esophageal refl ux disorder (GERD)
GLT6D1, 266 Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD),
Chronic , 83 Group Health Cooperative (GH) , 100–104
H Halitosis (bad breath) , 213–214 Headache , 211 Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) , 84 Health Effectiveness Data and Information Set
(HEDIS ® ) , 140–143 Health Information Exchange (HIE) ,
69, 73–75, 77 Health Information Technology for Economic
and Clinical Health (HITECH) , 66, 145, 245
Health information technology (HIT) American National Standards
ANSI/ADA Specifi cation 1000 , 46–48 ANSI/ADA Specifi cation 1039 , 42–46 clinical investigation design , 51 codes and nomenclature , 51 communications , 49 health care events , 49–50 health care materiel , 50 health services objects , 50 health services provider , 50 individual characteristics , 49 living arrangement and physical
characteristics , 49
413Index
modeling process , 41–42 organizations , 49 patient health condition diagnosis , 51 patient health facts , 50 patient specimen , 50 patient treatment plan , 51 population characteristics , 49 population health condition diagnosis , 51 population health facts , 50 population outcome reference , 51 provider credentials and privileges , 50
autoimmune diseases , 81 bisphosphonate-associated
osteonecrosis , 83 cancer , 82–83 candidiasis , 78–79 chronic graft- versus -host disease , 83 chronic kidney disease , 79 cooperation and collaboration , 358 data standards and coded terminologies
benefi ts , 37 bleeding control , 36 brand names , 32 caries , 35 CDT and ICD-9 , 38 clinical terminologies , 32–33 dental examination , 34 dental information , 38–39 extensiveness of code , 36 hypothetical treatment , 30–31 medical history of liver disease , 34 MO amalgam , 35 patient’s complaints , 35 prescription , 36 prognosis , 36 purpose , 30 SNOMED CT and LOINC , 37–38
diabetes mellitus , 78 early CDS application
background , 116–118 PALM version , 119–128 PC version , 129
effi cient structured communication bisphosphonate therapy , 97 chemotherapy/radiation therapy , 98 illegibility , 98 implementation , 99 principles of , 96 time and manpower , 99 transmission methods , 98
electronic decision support application areas , 114 clinical drivers , 111–113 diagnosis , 113
diagnostic information , 115 education , 115 health care delivery system , 116 historical drivers , 111 inference mechanisms , 114–115 justifi cation , 115–116 workfl ow , 116
electronic healthcare technologies context-specifi c delivery , 105–107 totality of data , 109–110 usability , 108–109
electronic health record accountability , 71 audit controls and monitoring , 76 authorization policies , 75 authorization techniques , 72–73 consumers and providers , 75 data access mechanisms , 72–73 data storage and handling , 73 dental records , 76–77 disaster recovery plan , 76 disaster recovery preparation , 73–74 inter-organizational agreements , 75 patient consent , 71–72, 74 patient information , 72 physical security , 76 policies, procedures
and controls , 76 privacy rule , 68–70 security rule , 67–68 standard access control , 75 state privacy laws , 74
frequent dental infections , 78–79 Gardner syndrome , 84–85 head and neck cancer , 84 hemophilia , 80–81 HIV infection and AIDS , 80 and informatics
communication between EMR and EDR , 248–251
dental school and health system relationship , 250
department/center for , 246–247 electronic dental records , 247–249 electronic fi nancial systems , 247–249 Medicaid meaningful use incentive
program , 249 United States dental school EHR
adoption survey , 245–246 Health information technology (HIT)
knowledge representation and ontologies bottom-up approach , 59 components and structure , 54 construction process , 60
414 Index
Health information technology (HIT) (cont.) content , 61, 62 defi nitions , 53–54 dental emergencies , 60, 61 dentistry , 57 description logics , 55–56 diverse data , 56 evaluation , 61 exchanging data , 56 integrating data , 56 intelligent system , 58 medical/dental care , 61 Ogden-Richardson semiotic triangle ,
52–53 top-down approach , 59 types of , 54 web ontology language , 54–55
oral healthcare providers , 85 oral health inclusion , 63–64
patient identifi cation , 100–104 physicians’ needs for dental
records , 77–78 role of standards
content standards , 26, 27 HL7 Messaging Standard , 27 interchange standards , 26 stop sign and road sign , 28–29
Sjögren syndrome , 81–82 standardized/structured communication
messages antiplatelets , 94 bleeding time and PFA-100 , 95 cancer patient management , 95 chronic kidney disease , 92–93 consultation/referral , 86 coronary artery stent , 91–92 diabetes , 91 heart murmurs and antibiotic
prophylaxis , 89, 90 hypertension , 87, 89 implantable cardioverter-defi brillator ,
93–94 limitations , 96 oral anticoagulants , 94 organic heart murmurs , 90–91 permanent pacemaker , 93–94 renal dialysis , 93
systemic lupus erythematous , 82 xerostomia , 78–79
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) , 65, 66
accountability , 71 data storage and handling , 73
patient information , 72 PHI , 66, 67 privacy rule , 68–70 security rule , 67
Health Resources Services Administration (HRSA) , 7–8
strategic plan calls for integration of oral health into primary care , 9–10, 135
patient-centered medical-dental home (PCM-DH) , 8
diabetes measure , 143 Health Resources and Services Administration
(HRSA) , 7, 10, 143 Hemodialysis (HD) , 16 Hemophilia , 80–81 Hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs) , 80 Heritability , 257–258 Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy
(HAART) , 80 HIT. See Health information
technology (HIT) Hutchinson’s teeth , 211 Hypertensive optic neuropathy , 210 Hypertensive retinopathy , 208
I Implantable cardioverter-defi brillator
infections , 93–94 Indian Health Service (IHS) , 6, 20 Infective Endocarditis (IE), 89, 97 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report ,
4, 10 Institute of Security and Social Services for
State Workers , 308 International Classifi cation of Diseases
(ICD) , 27 International perspectives
Canada barriers for integration , 300 CIHI and CCIH , 302 governance model , 300–301 OHS , 302 RCDSO , 301
Mexico ambulatory treatments , 305 communication technologies , 310 electronic health records , 309 General Health Law , 303 governmental medical treatment
services , 306 hospital treatments , 305
415Index
Institute of Security and Social Services for State Workers , 308
Mexican Health Ministry , 304 Mexican Institute for Social Security ,
306–307 National Health Program , 304 private medical and dental care , 308–309
Portugal dental education and practice ,
314–326 medical care to population , 313–314 medical schools , 312 perspectives and comparisons ,
310–311 private health insurance , 311–312 regulation of medical practice , 312
United Kingdom , 326–327 Inter-organizational agreements
(IOAs) , 75
K Kidney disease , 203–204 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes
(KDIGO) , 92, 93 Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative
(KDOQI) , 92
L Leeds abdominal pain system , 111–112 Linkage disequilibrium , 260 Linkage studies , 264–265
M MacColl Chronic Care Model
(MacColl CCM) , 4, 5 Macroglossia , 211 Macy study , 271–272 Marshfi eld Clinic
additional staff , 158–159 CattailsDental , 335 community health centers , 336–338 dentists’ dashboard application , 335 electronic medical record , 158 environmental challenges , 156–157 expert panel discussion analysis
blended health care team model , 346–347
clinical decision support , 347 combined electronic medical and dental
record , 345 comprehensive patient care , 346 diagnostic codes and standardized
terminology , 347–348 health insurance cooperation ,
349–350 integrated dental-medical education
model , 348–349 patient education and privacy
concerns , 349 themes , 345
Family Health Center of Marshfi eld, Inc. clinical training space , 341 dental patients , 342 Health Resources and Services
Administration , 341 Ladysmith Dental Center ,
339, 340, 343 information overload , 158 Marshfi eld Clinic Health Center
Complex , 333 medications requirements , 156 non-representation of dental practice , 159 patient resistance , 157 physicians’ dashboard application , 334 role , 158 staff and patients, data availability , 159 time/priorities , 157
Meaningful Use (MU) , 145–160 core objectives , 147–148 how does meaningful use requirement
affect dentistry , 150–155 menu objectives , 148–149 potential measures , 155 stage 1 , 154, 156–159
Medicaid dental coverage , 170 Medical and dental data
AAP , 6 Aetna’s Dental/Medical Integration
Program , 5 American Diabetes Association , 6 CIGNA’s Oral Health Integration
Program SM , 5–6 clinical vs. medical , 356 clinician vs. physician , 356 consistent and ongoing training , 357 data inconsistency , 16–17 data standards , 20–21 data standards development , 355
Medical and dental data dental and medical students , 359 EDR certifi cation , 354–355
416 Index
Medical and dental data (cont.) fundamental healthcare delivery
model , 8–9 healthcare domains , 1–4 healthcare education and preventive care ,
9–11 health information technology , 357–358 Healthy People 2020 , 7 IHS , 6 implementation experiences , 357 informatics consultants and vendors , 358 Institute of Medicine , 4 insurance claim , 17–18 MacColl CCM , 4, 5 oral health dimension
clinical research design , 359 quality measures , 358–359
patient-centered care bisphosphonate caused
osteonecrosis , 13 cardiovascular disease , 11–12 diabetes , 11–12 eating disorders screening , 14 kidney disease , 15–16 low birth weight , 12 oral cancer prevention , 13–14 oral cancer screening , 13–14 oral hygiene and respiratory
infections , 15 pediatric care , 14 periodontal disease , 11–12, 15–16 post radiation osteonecrosis , 13 prenatal care , 12 tobacco and betel use screening , 13–14
patient data , 18–20 patient experiences , 360–361 rating and ranking , 358 recording of dental diagnoses , 356–357
Medical and dental data Scottsdale Project , 6 timeline , 8 Wisconsin Diabetes Advisory Group , 5
Metrics and measurements ACHS , 141, 143 annual dental visits , 140 DMFT , 144 electronic health records
clinical quality measures , 146, 149–151 health outcomes policy , 145–146 objectives , 146–149
HEDIS ® , 140–143 HRSA , 143 Marshfi eld Clinic Dental Centers
additional staff , 158–159
electronic medical record , 158 environmental challenges , 156–157 information overload , 158 medications requirements , 156 non-representation of dental
practice , 159 patient resistance , 157 role , 158 staff and patients, data availability , 159 time/priorities , 157
meaningful use requirement certifi ed EHR , 150 clinical decision support , 151 EDR compliance , 151–153 exchange key clinical information , 155 patient reminders , 154–155 potential measures , 155 quality improvement and public
reporting , 154 up-to-date problem list , 154
NCQA , 141–143 periodontal disease , 160–163 totality of healthcare , 142 WCHQ , 142–144 WDAG , 143
Mexican Institute for Social Security , 306–307
Mexico ambulatory treatments , 305 communication technologies , 310 electronic health records , 309 General Health Law , 303 governmental medical treatment
services , 306 hospital treatments , 305 Institute of Security and Social Services
for State Workers , 308 Mexican Health Ministry , 304 Mexican Institute for Social Security ,
306–307 National Health Program , 304 private medical and dental care , 308–309
Microarray gene expression data (MGED) ontology , 56
N Nasal sinuses tumor , 212 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) , 84 National Association of Community Health
Centers , 338 National Call to Action , 337 National Committee on Quality Assurance
(NCQA) , 141–143
417Index
National Dental EDI Council (NDEDIC) , 76 National Electronic Disease Surveillance
System (NEDSS) , 229–230 National Program for Oral Health Promotion
(PNPSO) , 319 National Quality Measures Clearinghouse
(NQMC) , 139–140 NCQA. See National Committee on Quality
Assurance (NCQA) NEDSS. See National Electronic Disease
Surveillance System (NEDSS) Neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual
disabilities interdisciplinary solutions for
interdisciplinary problems , 225–228 and phenytoin-induced gingival
enlargement , 221–225 primary complications , 215–219 surveying the landscape , 214–215 and undiagnosed GERD , 220 and undiagnosed syphilis , 219
Newsoft Dente ® odontogram , 324 Newsoft Dente ® periogram , 325 Novigest ® e-agenda , 326 Novigest ® odontogram , 325
O Offi ce of National Coordinator
(ONC), 65, 69, 145 Ontario Health Study (OHS) , 302 Ophthalmic imaging, integrating
ARIC study , 206 branch retinal artery occlusion , 209 central retinal vein occlusion , 209 EHR , 205 hypertensive optic neuropathy , 210 hypertensive retinopathy , 208 nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy , 208 retinal imaging , 206 retinal macroaneurysm , 210
Oral and Systemic Health Research Project (OSHRP) , 190–191
Oral Cancer Foundation (OCF) , 13 Oral cancers , 256–257 Oral cavity ulcers , 212 Oral disease
genetics candidate gene studies , 263–264 future of , 266–268 genome-wide association studies , 266 linkage studies , 264–265
phenotypes
caries , 256 chronic infl ammation, metabolic
dysfunction, and infection , 253–254 oral cancers , 256–257 periodontitis , 254–256
Oral disease pathogenesis , 267–268 OSHRP. See Oral and Systemic Health
Research Project (OSHRP) Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) , 13 Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) , 13
P Patient-centered medical home (PCMH) , 184 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act , 338 Patient records and clinical research
cohort selection and patient recruitment , 242
common language , 241–242 electronic data capture , 240–241 electronic health records , 240–241 patient registries , 244 practice-based research networks , 243–244 secondary use of EHR data , 242–243
Patient registries , 244 PCI. See Percutaneous coronary intervention
(PCI) Pectus excavatum , 223 Pediatric medical and dental care
childhood caries prevention , 199–200 children’s oral health , 194–195 intervention model , 196–199 oral health characteristics , 193–194 paper vs. EHR , 200–203
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) , 91 Periodontal disease , 203–204 Periodontitis , 254–256 Permanent pacemaker (PPM) , 93–94 Phenomics. See Genomics Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement ,
221–225 Physician data query (PDQ) , 95 Picture Archiving and Communication
Systems (PACS) , 64 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) , 4 Platelet function assay-100 (PFA-100) , 95 Portugal
dental education and practice e-health record , 321–323 e-oral health record , 323–326 health information network , 322 health services , 321 higher education , 314–316
418 Index
Portugal PNPSO , 319 Portuguese Dental Association ,
314–316 health subsystems , 311, 312 medical education and practice
medical care to population , 313–314 medical schools , 312 regulation of , 313
perspectives and comparisons , 310–311 Post radiation osteonecrosis (PRON) , 13 Practice-based research networks (PBRN) ,
243–244 Practice management system (PMS) , 323, 324 Previser risk calculator (PRC) , 161–163 Primary care physician (PCP) , 2, 3 Privacy and Security Framework (PSF) , 70 Protected health information (PHI) , 66, 67 Proteomics. See Genomics Public health systems , 229–230
R Registered Dental Hygienist (RDH) xx , 64 Resource description framework (RDF) , 55 Retinal macroaneurysm , 210 Risk assessment
tools for periodontal disease , 160–163 multi-factorial models , 161 early childhood caries , 197–198
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) , 64 Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario
(RCDSO) , 301
S Signifi cant Caries Index (SiC) , 136, 144 Sjögren syndrome (SS) , 81–82 Social security number (SSN) , 100, 101, 104 Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine
(SIIM) , 64 Standards Committee on Dental Informatics
(SCDI) , 40 Support physician activities (SAM) , 321, 322 Swedish Oral Medicine Web (SOMWeb)
system , 57
Systematized Nomenclature of Dentistry (SNODENT), 21, 34, 35, 36, 154, 242, 297
Syphilis , 216, 219 Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine
(SNOMED) , 21 clinical Terms – CT , 239
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) , 82
T Temporomandibular joint disorders ,
212–213 Trigeminal neuralgia , 211–212 Trisomy 21 , 216, 217
U Ulcers, oral cavity , 212 United States Dental School EHR adoption
survey , 245–246 User interface (UI) , 108 US illnesses, chronic , 173
V Veterans Affairs, Department of (VA; also
Veterans Health Administration or VHA), xii , xxix, 18, 75, 188, 358
W Washington Dental Service (WDS) , 100–104 Web ontology language (OWL) , 54–55 WHO Global Oral Health Programme , 2 Wisconsin Academy for Rural Medicine
(WARM program) , 277–278 Wisconsin Collaborative for Health Quality
(WCHQ) , 142–144 Wisconsin Diabetes Advisory Group
(WDAG) , 5, 143 World Health Organization (WHO) , 2
X Xerostomia , 78–79
