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PPR Control in Modern Goat Farms in India Dr. Ibne Ali B.V.Sc and AH, Pantnagar MVSc, IVRI, Izatnagar +91-8800939109 [email protected]
PPR Control in Modern
Goat Farms in India
Dr. Ibne Ali
B.V.Sc and AH, Pantnagar MVSc, IVRI, Izatnagar
+91-8800939109 [email protected]
Economic losses due to PPR
In India the estimated annual economic loss due to PPR in goats is around Rs. 5477.48 crore (Singh et al., 2014).
PPR is included in list ‘A’ disease of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Paris.
The list includes those transmissible diseases that have the potential for very serious and rapid spread, irrespective of national borders, that are of serious socio-economic or public health consequence
Economic effects of PPR?
The list includes those transmissible diseases that have the potential for very serious and rapid spread, irrespective of national borders, that are of serious socio-economic or public health consequence.
The presence of disease can limit trade and export; import of new breeds; development of intensive livestock production and results in loss of animal protein for human consumption.
PPR is very troublesome disease for goat farmers. PPR has high morbidity (80-90%) and mortality (50-80% and extent up to 100%) rate.
The disease is more severe in young animals, poor nutrition, and concurrent parasitic infections. Concurrent infections such as contagious ecthyma (ORF), pox may also result in PPR outbreak.
Recovered animals have lifetime immunity.
What is PPR ?
PPR (peste des petits ruminants) is a most important viral disease of goat capable of heavy mortality and commonly called as goat plague.
Characteristic features: stomatitis-pneumoenteritis syndrome, contagious pustular stomatitis, pneumo-enteritis complex based on resemblance to rinderpest of cattle
How PPR is Caused?
PPR is an important disease and it has also created problems because of its apparent similarity to rinderpest – the clinical signs of PPR closely resemble those of rinderpest, making differential diagnosis difficult.
The PPR virus belongs to family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus similar to Rinderpest virus.
Based on genetic characterization of PPR virus strains organized into four groups; three from Africa and one from Asia.
One of the African groups of PPRV is also found in Asia. It may survive at 60°C for 60 minutes, stable from pH 4.0 to 10.0, but can be killed by alcohol, ether, and detergents as well as by most disinfectants.
Epidemiology of PPR
Principally PPR is a disease of goats and sheep.
Comparatively disease is more severe in goats than sheep.
Kids >4 months and < 1 year of age are also most susceptible.
In endemic areas, most of the sick and dying animals are >4months and up to 18 to 24 months of age.
Cattle and buffalo can seroconvert but do not transmit disease.
The PPRV does not infect humans.
CFR in PPR is extremely high
PPR is very troublesome disease for goat farmers.
PPR has high morbidity (80-90%) and mortality (50-80% and extent up to 100%) rate.
The disease is more severe in young animals, poor nutrition, and concurrent parasitic infections.
Concurrent infections such as contagious ecthyma (ORF), pox may also result in PPR outbreak.
Recovered animals have lifetime immunity.
Death Rates in PPR
The clinical sign of PPR in goats is often fulminating and fatal although apparent infection occurs in endemic areas.
Incubation period may range from 2-6 days in field conditions.
In acute form, there is sudden onset of fever with rectal temperature of at least 40°- 41°C.
The affected goats show dullness, sneezing, serous discharge from the eyes and nostrils.
After 2-3 days discrete lesions develop in the mouth and extend over the entire oral mucosa, forming diphtheric plaques
How PPR looks ?
During this stage farmers often
think that the animal has
developed cold exposure and
may attempt to provide
protection for cold.
How to control PPR with disinfectant
PPR is a viral disease hence no cure is available for its control. Prevention with live vaccines is the best option to prevent economic losses. When you see disease in farm use any disinfectant for drinking water as well as to spray in farm.
How to Use Virkon/KMnO4 • Areal spray with 1:200 (5g per liter
water)
• Foot dip and equipment washing with
1:100 (10g per liter water)
• Use in drinking water with 1:1000 (1g
per liter water)
Supportive treatment to control PPR
IM - Inj. Bayerocin @ 2ml per 30Kg live weight once in a day
IM - Inj. Vit A, D & E @ 2ml per 30Kg live weight once in 2 days
Strictly avoid BELAMYL in PPR or any other viral disease
IM inj. Megludyne @ 1ml per 20Kg live weight
How to use PPR Vaccine?
Now homologous PPR vaccine is being used. The vaccine can protect small ruminants against PPR for at least for 3 years. Dose of PPR vaccine available in market (Ovilis PPR®; Raksha PPR®) is 1 ml and can be given sub - cutaneous route at the age of 4 months or above.
Before injecting vaccine gave Vitamin E and Se injections to goats 1 ml per 30kg, 1 day before and after.
Avoid using this vaccine in any stress like transportation, inclement weather etc. 3 weeks post vaccination.
Contact for Goat Farming Consultancy
Dr. Ibne Ali
B.V.Sc and AH, Pantnagar MVSc, IVRI, Izatnagar
+91-8800939109 [email protected]
