CONCEPT OF PROGRAMMED LEARNING

WELCOMEDEEPAMOL.KNSS TRAINING COLLEGECHANGANACHERRY2PROGRAMMED LEARNINGCONCEPT OF PROGRAMMED LEARNINGProgrammed Learning is a sub-head under instruction and represents a more rigorous attempt to develop a mastery over specified goals to secure ensured learning.Programme learningInstructionTeachingDEFINITIONS

It is a method of designing a reproducible sequence of instructional events to produce a measurable and consistent effect on behaviour of each and every acceptable student. -Susan MarkleProgramme learning is a systematic step by step,self instructional programme aimed to ensure the learning of satated behaviour. -Edgar Dale

An instructional programme is a vehicle which generates an essentially reproducible sequence of instructional events and accepts responsibility for efficienly accomplishing a specific change from a given range of initial competancies. -Aurthur A LumsdaineTYPES OF PROGRAMMING

There are two major types of programming.

1.Linear programming.2.Branching programming.

1.Linear programming B.F Skinner is the originator.Also called extrinstic programming.The linear programmer breaks the content in to small units of words.Each of these constitute a frame.The learner must respond to each frame in succession by filling in word or a phrase in a blank,if the programme requires a response in writing. LINEAR PROGRAMMINGAnAn+1An + 2An + 3An + 4An + 4STEPS OF LINEAR PROGRAMMINGInformation is presented in small steps.The learner responds actively at each step.Immediate knowledge of result is given.Self pacing by the student is possible.IMPORTANT FEATURES OF LINEAR PROGRAMMINGIt has linear arrangement of frames.The responses are controlled and emphasized.Feedback is quick and there is provision for prompting. Initial Behaviour Terminal BehaviourPath of learningThe initial and terminal behaviour of a linear programme.BRANCHIN PROGRAMMEDeveloped by Norman A Crowder Also called intrinsic programme.It adopts the need of the student without a medium of any extrinsic device such as a computer.It provides an intrinsic arrangement in which the learner is free to make decisions and is able to adapt the instruction to his need. In this each frame is of relatively bigger size and may contain two or three ideas of related sequence.The student selects the response.If the student choose correctly,he is taken to the next frame in the main teaching sequence.If his response is wrong, he is taken to the remedial frame where his mistake is explained using some more example.

After remedial work, he is directed to the original frame for making another attempt at choosing the right answer.Hense ,in programmed learning ,all the learners donot follow the same path.PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMME LEARNINGPrinciple of behavioural analysis.Principle of small steps.Principle of active participation.Principle of immidiate conformation or re inforcement.Principle of self pacing.Principle of validation.