SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGNFOR NANOCOMPOS I T E F I LM PRODUCT I ON US I NG SORGHUM B I OMASS AS NANOF I L L ER

B E L L A D I N I L O V E LY, TAU F I K D J AT N A

Graduate Program, Dept. of Agroindustrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University

OUTLINEMotivation

Problem Statement

Objective & System Entity Construction

Methods

Result & Discussion

Conclusion

Packaging industry petroleum(Shchipunov 2012)

Sustainable, environmental-friendly, new

material(Angellier et al 2013)

Non-biodegradable environmentally

hazardous(Tang et al 2012)

Recycle constraint(Angellier et al 2013)

Fossil fuel extinction(Angellier et al 2013)

MOTIVATION

MOTIVATION

CaCO3

SORGHUM BAGASSE

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)

can be replaced by natural material !

(filler)

composite

Biodegradable Renewable

High tensile strength High rigidity

High reinforcing potency Wide surface area

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Arrange real world representation where the whole components & processes synchronize completely

SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

COMPLEXITY1

Any single disturbance in one step will exactly affect whole processes

INTERDEPENDENCIES2

SOLUTION :

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the influence of (1)

hydrolysis time & (2) plasticizer

ratio on product properties

To measure critical factor ranking

of nanocomposite film product

properties

SYSTEM ENTITY CONSTRUCTION

PROCESS: Sorghum-based Nanocomposite

Production BPMN model

INPUT OUTPUTAny product properties

improvement or not ?

Variables :1. Hydrolysis time2. Plasticizer ratio

STAKEHOLDERResearchers

(Business Process Modeling Notation)BPMN : Define process workflow in simpler, more flexible way to facilitate execution

1

2

SA&D METHODS

CRITICAL FACTOR RANKING : RELIEF

PROCESS HIERARCHY DIAGRAM (PHD)

BUSINESS PROCESS DIAGRAM (BPD)

BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING NOTATION (BPMN)

BPMN VERIFICATION

BPMN VALIDATION

PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION1. Analysis

2. Design

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)

Derivative Thermo-gravimetric (DTG)

Water Vapor Permeability (WVP)

Crystallinity index of nanocomposite Roles in film stability

Degradation temperature of nanocomposite

Roles in packaging quality & storage application

PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION

1.

3.

2.

Water resistance of nanocomposite film Roles in maintaining the shelf-life of product

PHD(Process

Hierarchy Diagram)

BPD(Business Process Diagram)

Water Vapor Permeability (WVP)

WVP = [ Flux / A. P0 (RH1RH2) ] * xwhere:

x : film thickness (m); A : film surface area exposed to permeant (m2)

P0 : vapor pressure of pure water (1753.55 Pa at 25 oC)

(RH1RH2) : relative humidity gradient used in experiment

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)Ctl = [ (II) / I ] x 100%

where:

I : diffraction intensity assigned to (200)

plane of cellulose

I : intensity measured at 2 18* calculated in x-ray diffraction angle width of

5o to 30o (2) with power of 20 kV and 2mA

THE FORMULAS :

Derivative Thermo-Gravimetric (DTG)

thermal stability of few amount (mg)

of sample placed on aluminum glass

was tested in nitrogen condition &

heating rate of 10 oC per minute.

BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation)

BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation)

We can control variable 1(hydrolysis

time)& then analyze its

influence on 3 product properties (XRD, DTG,

WVP)

DEPT.2 (SWIMLA NE 1)

OBJECTIVE 1For 1. To analyze the influence of varied hydrolysis time & plasticizer ratio

We can control variable 2 (plasticizer

ratio)& then analyze its influence on 3 product

properties (XRD, DTG, WVP)

DEPT.3 (SWIMLA NE 1)

Model Checking Output

VERIFICATION

VERIFIED !

No error or warning

VALIDATION

IMPROVEMENT !IMPROVEMENT !

Higher crystalinity,

Higher degradation temperature

(Curvelo et al. 2001)(Curvelo et al. 2001)

VALIDATIONLower permeability of water content

IMPROVEMENT!

VALID !

(Ghaderi et al. 2014)

XRD = (0+1+2+5+5+6) + (1+2+5+5+6) + (1+4+4+5) + (3+3+4) + (0-1) + (-1) ) = 60/42 = 1.429

7 x (100 94

WVP = (-1.5+1.8+3+3.8+4.8+5.1) + (0.2+1.5+2.3+3.3+3.6) + (1.3+2.1+3.1+3.4) + (0.8+1.8+2.1) + (-1-1.3) + (-0.3)7 x (100 94)

= 41.9/35.7 = 1.174

DTG = (-0.1+0.3+0.3+0.35+0.4+0.5) + (0.2+0.2+0.25+0.3+0.4) + (0+0.05+0.1+0.2) + (0.05+0.1+0.2) + (-0.05+0.15) + (-0.1)7 x (100 94)

= 3.5/3.5 = 1

T (oC) XRD DTG WVP Target

90 100 0 5.5

100 100 0.1 4

110 99 0.3 3.8

120 98 0.3 2.5

130 95 0.35 1.7

140 95 0.4 0.7

150 94 0.5 0.4

(CRITICAL FACTOR

RANKING)

RELIEF

1

2

3

For OBJECTIVE 2 2. To measure critical factor ranking of nanocomposite film product properties

1. Succeeded to represent whole

processes of the nanocomposite

production, as solution for the

complexity & inter-

dependencies2. Potentially contributes to cost &

time efficiency

ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGEOf This Model

1. Does not yet

represent a

physical model

(user interface)2. Needs current

data update of 3 product properties

(XRD, DTG & WVP)

CONCLUSION1. BPMN model designed

& simulated the

production system of

sorghum-based

nanocomposite film

2. BPMN analyzed influences

of varied hydrolysis time

& plasticizer ratio on 3 product properties (XRD,

DTG, WVP)

RECOMMENDING REMARKSIt is required to add more updated data of XRD, DTG & WVP product

properties for more advanced model

validation, & represent the system in

physical model (ex: user interface)

Thanks for your kind attention.

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