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•Approaches to link
Traditional Resource Management(TRM) with
Contemporary ResourceManagement(CRM)
•Implications ofGlocalized Resource Management(GRM) in Education
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Contents Resource: definition, forms/types
Concept of resource management
Types of resource management: traditional, contemporary and glocal
Traditional resource management
Contemporary global resource management
Approaches to link traditional resource and contemporary resource management
Globalized resource management:
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Resource DefinitionA resource is a source or supply from which benefit is
produced.-characteristics of the resource: utility, limited availability and potential for consumption
Basic forms of resources: -Natural resource: rocks, water, air, trees, animals,
minerals, land etc.- Human resource: people, and -Capital resource: money
Generated form of resources: -processed and transformed from the raw materials or natural state i.e. skilled and knowledgeous people, materials, energy, motivation, technology, operational capital, property etc.
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Resource management Resource management is the process of planning,
allocating, deploying, directing, using, coordinating and controlling the organization’s or institution’s financial, human ability, information technology, machinery, physical etc resources to attain the established goals of the organization or institution effectively and efficiently.
The aspects of resource management for an institution or organization
Physical resource management
Human resource management
Financial resource management
Motivational resource management
Property resource management
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Types of resource management practice
Three types of resource management practice
-Traditional, indigenous or local resource management
- Modern, contemporary or global resource management
-Glocalized or hybridized resource management
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Traditional resource management system(TRM) Traditional refers to native, indigenous, original, ancestral, local, ethnic
etc. Traditional resources :
- financial resource: srama daan, anna daan, paisa daan etc.-human resource: local human force, consensually approved and trusted persons, culturally recognized and respected seniors /elders, skilled people etc.-physical resources: locally available materials -technology: locally developed technology
Indigenous resource management is prior, cultural, and spiritual and context based approach. In this management system, people seek to co-exist with nature.
Traditional or indigenous resource management is based on indigenous knowledge. The management is also recognized as informal management system, self-management system, community based management, sub-conscious management, grass root management system, hidden/ invisible management system.
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Ecologically compatible life
Locally abound
indigenous life, learning through ecological system
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Living with natureUse of the indigenous way of ecological friendly resource management for livelihood
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Specific practices
Snoqualmie Tribe of Washington in August 2012 hosting as Traditional Knowledge and Health Ecosystems Summit participated by indigenous leaders, tribal members, resource managers, academics and students to discuss and learn about the importance of the traditional knowledge in natural resource management. Picture: KNOWLEDGE KEEPERS CIRCLE, Story telling by G.
Jim(Vinyeta, 2012)12/18/2014 10
Features of TRM-based on traditional indigenous knowledge
system-based on life experience-incorporation of local and natural resources-use of ecology friendly technology-as a part of cultural capital-grounded practices-spontaneous transfer of the managerial skill and knowledge-locally bund, indigenous to a specific area
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Concept and definition of contemporary resource mangement
How are the resource management theories emerged ?
Different types of resource management practices prevailed in the communities or societies were studied and the best fitting practices to common society were selected and logically and consciously incorporated by academicians as theories of management. Such theories applied at the present resource management practices are known as modern resource management system or contemporary resource management system.
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Modern/contemporary resource managementEcological detached,
attached with technology,
use of generated resources,
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Features of CRM-resource management based on established theories-traditional scientific paradigm approach and practice- based on the logical knowledge- orientation of global rationality- the constructs established and verified by scholars and academicians- based on mostly de-contextualized resources-scientific and linear procedure-highly skilled and globally recognized formal manpower-global economic resource
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Traditional scientific and Traditional indigenous knowledge system
Traditional scientific knowledge system
Traditional indigenous knowledge system
Specialized, partial etc
Based on experimentation
Dependent on external resources
High input
Labor saving
Complicated technology
Global source
General, holistic etc
Based on observation
Dependent on local resources
Low input
Labour demanding
Simple technology
Local sources
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Approaches to Link traditional/local with contemporary/ global resource management
Acc. Tuckker V. (2001),”There is no traditional society, only looking at society as traditional, society is rich that has own knowledge traditional modern that sees own eyes.”
Knowledge comes from everywhere: If Western emerged own unique knowledge is indigenous for west and modern for rest. Likewise same to Eastern.
Linking approaches:-Synergistic approach-Thinking global and acting local approach-Glocalization or hybridization approach-Modernization approach
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Synergistic approach Synergy is a abstract concept that refers to a result that
arises from interacting processes. Synergy is the creation of a whole that is greater than the
simple sum of its parts. “Scientific” and “traditional” knowledge and practices
complement and do not exclude each other. Traditional knowledge helps by providing valuable information on the local context, in which they might include both the revival of traditional practices and the adoption and development of new techniques (FAO).
An access to “modern” scientific and technical infrastructure, skills and expertise is crucial to developing current reliable context specific forecasts(FAO).
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Thinking global, acting local approach Localization and globalization are two extreme
conceptual and practical phenomena related to development, education, business, management, service etc. strategies emerged as discourses at present knowledge society.
“Thinking global” means global orientation, global perspective, global mindset, or global philosophy.
“Acting local” is all that is required for organization whose strategies suggest that managers think local. Managers are concerned only with domestic issues. Localization is the
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Glocalization approach The term Glocalization coined in 1980s, by Japanese
economists, in Japanese term dochakuka
Glocalization is a meaningful integration of local and global forces.
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Modernization approach Indigenous resources can be modernized by two ways:
1. Improvement
2. Change
The process of upgrading the quality of the resources is called improvement which is a process of modernization.
To modernize, indigenous knowledge takes long time. It does not rapidly but gradually change. It takes time to be modern.
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Glocalized resource management(GRM)
A so called glocal approach is characterized by universal appeals and an international backdrop, blending with local relevance(Onkvisit, Shaw, 2002 & Thurm,2004 cited in Parnell, 2006).
Glocalized resource management is the position of integration, combination and blending the resources possessed by local, national and global agencies and individuals.
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Features of glocalized resource management in education Handling the modern technologies by local indigenous people for
development of organizational efficiency
Glocalturization by integrating global culture and the local indigenous culture and tradition
Individual, local, national and international economic resources
Development of local human resources through modern approaches
Participation and leadership of local people in the local educational institutions i.e. Chairmanship of SMC, Headmaster etc.
Usage of locally available physical resources to establish and run institutions
Curriculum management at institutional level to integrate local language, national language and international language , and locally established and practice knowledge and internationally recognized and
established knowledge.
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Functional position of GRM
Glocalized
resource management
in education
Local resources
Global resources
Generated resourcesProduct materials,
Trainers, Funds,Scientific technologyModern Knowledge
Basic/natural resourcesPhysical, Human,
public donation, Indigenous
Knowledge, skill etcTraditional Technology
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Glocalizedmanagement
Balancing ecological, economic and societal system through glocalizedmanagement
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Multiple dimensions of the glocal approach
Glocalizedapproach leads to and ensures the sustainability through balance operation
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Refernces Vinyeta, K. (2012). Tribal climate change profile:
traditional knowledge and healthy ecosystems summit. Retrieved from http://tribalclimate.uoregon.edu/
FAO(n. d.). Policy brief 10. ancestral prctices for the management of natural resources. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/climatechange/55804/en
Parnell, J. (2006). Reassessing the “think global, act local” mandate: Evaluation and synthesis. Retyrievedfrom www.sjmo6.com/SIM ISSN1452-4864/1_1_2006_May_1-85/1_1_21-28.pdf
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