Ppt1 Intro

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ppt1-intro 1/51

COMPUTER

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


UNIT 1: Introduction toComputer

Introduction to ComputersComponents of acomputer systemHistory & Generations ofComputers

Classication ofComputersCharacteristics ofComputersUses of Computer inManagement

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 3

Computer : It is an electronic device which processes given data to derive therequired and useful information !uring the processing" the computer has toperform various functions li#e:

$ %i& 'ccepting Instructions ( data from the user

$ %ii& Performing various arithmetic and )ogical operations as per Instructions given

$ %iii& Presenting the Information or Output to the user

!' functional unit" consisting of one or more computers and associated software" that

%a& uses common storage for all or part of a program and also for all or part of thedata necessar* for the e+ecution of the program"

%,& e+ecutes user-written or user-designated programs" and

%c& performs user-designated data manipulation" including arithmetic and logic

operations

Note: ' computer s*stem ma* ,e a stand-alone s*stem or ma* consist of severalinterconnected s*stems

INT!"UCTIN TCM#UT$!%

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 4

$ ' computer is a programma,le device that can automaticall* performa sequence of calculations or other operations on data withouthuman aid

$ It can store" retrieve" and process data according to internalinstructions

$ ' computer ma* ,e either digital" analog" or h*,rid" although most in

operation toda* are digital

$ !igital computers e+press varia,les as num,ers" usuall* in the ,inar*s*stem The* are used for general purposes" whereas analog

computers are ,uilt for speci.c tas#s" t*picall* scienti.c or technical

$ The term /computer/ is usuall* s*non*mous with digital computer"and computers for ,usiness are e+clusivel* digital

INT!"UCTIN TCM#UT$!%

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 5

Characteristics of aComputer

The Characteristics which ma#e computer indispensa,le are:1 %peed :' The computer is a,le to process the date and give the output in

fractions of seconds such that required information is given to the user ontime ena,ling the user to ta#e right decisions on right time ' powerfulcomputer is capa,le of e+ecuting a,out 0 million calculations per second

( )ccuracy :' In spite of its high speed of processing" the computersaccurac* is consistentl* high enough which avoids an* errors If it all thereare errors" the* are due to errors in instructions given ,* the programmer

* !elia+le :' The output generated ,* the computer is ver* relia,le" ,ut itis relia,le onl* when the data" which is passing as input to the computerand the program" which gives instructions are correct and relia,le

, %torage Capacity :' The computer has a provision to store largevolumes of data in the small storage devices" which have capacit* to storehuge amounts of data and help the retrieval of data an eas* tas#

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 6

- .ersatile :' The computer perform three ,asic operations:1& It is capa,le to access and accept information through variousinput-output devices from the user

2& It performs ,asic 'rithmetic and )ogic operations on data asdesired

0& It is capa,le to generate the desired output in the desiredform

/ )utomation :' Once the instructions fed into computer it wor#sautomaticall* without an* human intervention until the

completion of e+ecution of program until meets logicalinstructions to terminate the 3o,

0 "iligent :' The computer performance is consistent even to alle+tent of more than 14 million calculations" it does each andever* calculation with same speed and accurac*

Characteristics of aComputer

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 7

imitation of Computer :

1& Computer does not wor# on itself" it requires set of

instructions to ,e provided" else computer %5ardware& isa waste

2& Computer are not intelligent" the* have to ,e instructeda,out each and ever* step which the* have to perform

0& Computers cannot ta#e decisions on its own" one has toprogram the computer to ta#e an action if someconditional prevail

6& Computers" unli#e humans cannot learn ,* e+perience

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 8

COMPUTER GENERATIONS

The Computer Generations : The development of computers hasfollowed di7erent steps in the terminolog* used and these steps oftechnological di7erences are called as 8E9ER'TIO9 in computerterminolog* There are totall* .ve generations of computers till toda*

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 9

COMPUTER GENERATIONS

5owever" one of the most important inventions of the time was ,* ;on

<on 9eumann" who descri,ed a ,asic design of computer s*stem"which is #nown as the <on 9eumann machine It was .rst used in theE!'C" the .rst stored program computer" and is still the ,asis fornearl* all digital computers" even now" more than half a centur* laterU9I<'C-I" U9I<'C-II" I=M->44 series computer etc are e+amples of

some successful commercial computers

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 10

(2 %econd Generation Computers 314/56s :?ith the development of Transistors and there use in

circuits" magnetic core for memor* storage" thevaccuum tu,es are replaced ,* transistors to arrive at2nd generation of computers The si@e of transistors is

much smaller when compared to vaccuum tu,es" the* consume lesspower" generated less heat and faster and relia,le Aen Olsen" one ofthe engineers wor#ing at this la," formed a compan*" !igitalEquipment Corporation %!EC& in 1B> and in 1BD1 rolled out its .rstcomputer- P!P-1 This machine had 6A of 1 ,it words and a c*cletime of msec This was the ,eginning of FMinicomputersG Othere+amples are: I=M >4B4" I=M 1D24" I=M >4B6" !ECGs P!P" P!P etc5igh-level programming languages were also ,eing developed at thistime" such as earl* versions of CO=O) and HORTR'9

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 11

Third Generation Computers 314/,'14056s :

The development of silicon chips" the third generation of

computers came into e+istence These computers are usedIntegrated Circuits %ICJs& of silicon chips" in the place oftransistors Each of these ICJs consist of large num,er of chipsin ver* small pac#ages

)d7antage : The si@e of computers" cost" heat generation andpower consumption decreased to great e+tent" speed andrelia,ilit* increased as compared to previous generation

These machines used ICJs with large scale Integration %)I&

Fig: An early IC chip,containing 3 tranitor

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 12

Third Generation Computers 314/,'14056s :

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 13

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 14

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 15

C)%%I8IC)TIN 8 CM#UT$!%

Computers in general can ,e classi.ed into ma3or categories ,ased on%a& 'ccording to the purpose of the computer

%,& 'ccording to the operation si@e of computer

3a Classication as per purpose of the computer :

Classi.cation of digital computer as per the purpose of their use:1 8eneral purpose digital computers

2 pecial purpose digital computer

12 General #urpose digital computers : These computers are theoreticall*used for an* t*pe of applications These computers can ,e used in solving a,usiness Pro,lem and also used to solve mathematical equation with same

accurac* and consistenc* Most of the computer now are general purposedigital computers 'll the PCJs" which have ,ecome household a7air

(2 %pecial #urpose Computers : These digital computer are designed"made and used for an* speci.c 3o, These are usuall* used for thosepurposes which are critical and need great accurac* and response li#eatellite launching weather forecasting etc

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 16

C)%%I8IC)TIN

3+ )ccording to si9e and capa+ilities

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 17

C)%%I8IC)TIN

3+ )ccording to si9e and capa+ilities

%uper Computers:

It is somewhat similar to mainframecomputers These computers arecharacteri@ed as ,eing the fastest" with

ver* high processing speed" ver* largesi@e" most powerful There are widel*used in economic forecasts" engineeringdesigns" comple+ scienti.c applicationsli#e processing geological data" weather

data" genetic engineering etc Thesecomputers with more than 1Dmicroprocessors can recogni@e words upto length D6 ,its and more The speed ofcalculation is around 12 ,illioninstructionsKsecond" and the* can ta#e

input from more than 1444 individual

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 18

, Mi C t ' i t i t

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 19

, Micro Computer: ' microcomputer is a computerthat has a microprocessor chip as its CPU The* areoften called personal computers ,ecause the* aredesigned to ,e used ,* one person at a time The* donot occup* space as much as mainframes The wordMicro suggests onl* the si@e" ,ut not the capacit* The* are capa,le to do all input - output operations The* can also ,e connected to man* peripheraldevices

a& !es#top PC: ' des#top is intended to,e used on a single location ' computerthat can ,e .t on a des# can also ,ecalled as des#top ' des#top computer

comes in di7erent form vertical towercases to small form factor The case ofthe computer holds the mother,oard"drives" power suppl*" and e+pansion

cards !es#tops are widel* popular fordail use in wor# laces and households

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 20

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 21

c& P!' %Personal !igital 'ssistant& or Palmtop:

' #ersonal "igital )ssistant %#")& is ahandheld microcomputer that trades o7power for small si@e and greater porta,ilit*

The* t*picall* use a touch-sensitive )C!screen for ,oth output and input %the userdraws characters and presses icons on thescreen with a st*lus& P!'s communicatewith des#top computers and with each

other either ,* ca,le connection" infrared%IR& ,eam" or radio waves P!'s arenormall* used to #eep trac# of appointmentcalendars" to-do lists" address ,oo#s" andfor ta#ing notes

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 22

d& Ta,let PC:

' ta,let PC is a wireless" porta,lepersonal computer with a touch screen

interface ' user inputs data either ,*tapping the screen with a st*lus" orusing the st*lus to write directl* on tothe screen The ta,let PC canwirelessl* connect to the Internet and

other PCs and is intended to providethe power of a note,oo# in hand-heldform The ta,let form factor is t*picall*smaller than a note,oo# computer ,utlarger than a smart phone

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 23

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 24

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 25

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 26

)natomy of Computers)natomy of Computers

Computer is ,asicall* composed of essentiall* the following:1 5ardware

2 oftware

$ Hardare: Computer hardware is the collection of various ph*sicalcomponents of the computer" li#e the computer itself" the input-output

devices This computer 5ardware performs some operations li#e addition"u,traction" data transfer" control transfers and simple tests The hardware ofa computer s*stem is made up of a num,er of electronic devices connectedtogether

$ %oftare: oftware is set of instructions usuall* termed as programs whichare required for processing activities of the computer These set of programscan ,e used to solve real world pro,lems The capa,ilit* of computer dependsupon the software components oftware is another term for computerprogram oftware controls the computer and ma#es it do useful wor# ?ithoutsoftware a computer is useless" a#in to a car without someone to drive it

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 27

$$M$NT% 8 )CM#UT$! %;%T$M

The Hive =asic Elements Of Computer *stem are:

$ %torage Unit$ )rithmetic and ogical Unit

$ Control Unit

$ Input de7ice$ utput de7ice

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 28

<C= "I)G!)M 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

Elements of a computer s*stem

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 29

Elements of a computer s*stem

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 30

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 31

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

Input Unit: The process of sending the data andInstructions for the processing through somesuita,le devices such as Ae*,oard" Mouse etc

is called Input The devices translate the datafrom human understanda,le form intoelectronic impulses which are understood ,*the computer

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 32

Central #rocessing Unit 3C#U:' Once the data accepted it fed in toCentral Processing Unit ,efore the output is generated as data has to ,eprocessed" which is done ,* CPU This unit of the computer is the ,rain ofcomputer s*stem" which does all the processing"

calculations" pro,lem solving and controls all other functions of all other

elements of the computer The CPU consists of the following three distinctunits namel*

1 Memor* Unit

2 Control Unit

0 'rithmetic and )ogic Unit

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 33

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

1) The 4-bit processors 1

– Intel 4004: first sinle-chip !icroprocessor

2 )The 8-bit processors

– 8008

– 8080

– 8085

3 ) "icrocontrollers

– Intel 8048

– Intel 8051

– "#$-96 %&!il'

4 ) The 16-bit processors: oriin of (86

– 8086

– 80186

– 80286

– 80386

– 80486

5 ) 32-bit processors: 5 !icro&rchitect*re

– 9+1 ,riin&l enti*!

6) 32-bit processors: 6/enti*! " !icro&rchitect*re

enti*! ro

enti*! II &n #eleron .enti*! II-b&se)

enti*! III

enti*! II &n III eonenti*! "

Intel #ore

*&l-#ore eon

7) 32-bit processors: et*rst !icro&rchitect*re

–enti*! 4

–eon

8) 64-bit processors: I-64

– It&ni*! / It&ni*! 2

9) 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – #ore !icro&rchitect*re

–eon

–Intel #ore 2

–enti*! *&l #ore

–#eleron / #eleron "

10) 64-bit processors: Intel 64 – eh&le!

!icro&rchitect*re –Intel enti*!

–#ore i3

–#ore i5

–#ore i7

–eon

"I#,,#$$, $:

COMPARISON C!ARTCOMPARISON C!ART

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 34

12 Memory Unit: ?hich holds the data in in terms of Program and .les The datastored can ,e accessed and used whenever required ,* the CPU for necessar*processing This memor* unit is usuall* referred as primar* storage section The units in which memor* unit is measured are #nown as =LTE

=LTE is the space required to store characters or alpha,et or digits to

an* other special character

1 =*te =its

1 Ailo,*te 1426 =*tes

1 Mega,*te 1426 Ailo,*tes1 8iga,*te 1426 Mega,*tes

1 Tera,*te 1426 8iga ,*tes

?here =its are spaces required to store one =inar* digits ie either 4 or 1

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 35

2 Control Unit : This unit which coordinates all the activities of eachand ever* element of computer It decodes the instructions given,* various users and it sends commands and signals thatdetermine the sequence of various instructions Though this unit

does not process data" ,ut it acts as the central s*stem for datamanipulation" as it controls the Now of data to and from the mainstorage

0 )rithmetic and ogic Units:' This unit performs arithmetic

operations such as addition" su,traction" multiplication anddivision It also does )ogical Operations such as comparison ofnum,ers etc Thus this unit helps ,* processing data and ta#inglogical decisions

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 36

utput: ' The processing of e+tracting the datafrom CPU through some suita,le devices iscalled Output The common used output

devices are <!U" Printers" Plotter" magneticmedia li#e Nopp*" hard dis#s etc

$$M$NT% 8 ) CM#UT$! %;%T$M

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 37

Types of Memories:' The memor* used ,* computers can ,e classi.ed into varioust*pes ome of the commonl* availa,le memor* t*pes are:

1 !andom )ccess Memory 3!)M:' ?hile a program ,eing is e+ecuted it requires

data" such data is stored in R'M" The data stored in R'M is volatile ie when there isa power failure the data in the R'M is lost ?henever new data is stored in R'M theprevious data is erased

2 !ead on Memory 3!M: ?hich contain the =ootstrap )oader Programs" which loadsthe Operating *stem %O& into memor* 's this program is stored in ROM" it starts assoon as the computer is switched on and ma#es the computer read* to load Oprogram in the memor* The contents of ROM cannot changed ,ut for speciali@ed usecontents of ROM can ,e re-programmed using special circuits

0 Cache Memory: This is ver* high speed memor* which is used to store portion of aprogram from main memor* temporaril* The Cache memor* ver* e+pensive" ,ut it isver* fast The data is transferred automaticall* ,etween the ,u7er and primar*storage" which lies ,etween main memor* and Microprocessor

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 38

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 39

%M$IN#UT>

UT#UT"$.IC$%

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 40

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 41

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 42

CMMUNIC)TIN #)TH%

The CPU consists of Memor* Unit" Control Unit" and 'rithmetic and )ogic Unit%')U& The Communication lin#s ,etween these three units are called ,uses The ,uses are the electrical paths for data to Now from point to point in acircuit The =uses for Communication in CPU are

1 Control =us

2'ddress =us0 !ata =us

1 Control <us: ' The Path for all controlling and timing functions sent ,* thecontrol unit to other units of CPU

2 )ddress <us: - This Path is used for locating the address of the memor*location where the ne+t instruction to ,e e+ecuted or the ne+t piece of datais found This is used for data retrieval storage and manipulations whereaddress of storage locations are required

0 "ata <us:' This is the path on which actual data transfer ta#es place

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 43

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

Computer has greatl* a7ected the world in which we live toda*:Computers in +usiness: In the .eld of ,usiness" computers are ver*useful The* are used in #eeping records of dail* sales and pro.t

Computers are used to prepare material to promote the products of a,usiness esta,lishment

Computers in $ngineering: Engineers use computers to create the

design of a comple+ o,3ect using a computer program for computer-aideddesign

Computers in the go7ernment: computers are used to #eep records of

the people that government serves everal government agencies usecomputers to facilitate the tas# the* are required to give to the people

Computers at home: Computers are used at home for recreationalactivities Lou can listen to music" watch movies" and pla* games Children

use their computers at home to do their schoolwor# Parents use computersto assist them in doing their dail* tas#s If *our computer at home has

internet access" then *ou can e+plore the ama@ing features of the internetin the comfort of *our home

!ole of CM#UT$! in a society:

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15

44

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

Computers in Manufacturing: Computers are used in manufacturing tomanipulate machine that perform dangerous tas#s or tas#s that are repeatedl*done

Computers in $ducation: Computer uses in the .eld of education arein.nite The Internet is a huge source of information There are onlineuniversities that deliver online degrees and distance learning is spreading farand wide Man* schools and colleges have started ma#ing use of audio-visualwa*s of imparting #nowledge Computer education is one su,3ect taught in

schools toda* Teachers use computers in classroom instruction" in computinggrades and in preparing visual aids tudents use computers to stud* variouscomputer applications )i,raries are connected to the Internet and students

access the internet to do research

Computers in %cience: Computers are used in science to simulatee+periments" which are dangerous to perform in real life Computers are alsoused to record data and information derived from e+periments


U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15

45

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

Computers in Medicine: The important use of computers in themedical .eld is for research and development The high end machinesused for diagnosis and cure of man* diseases are nothing ,ut computersHor e+ample" the Magnetic Resonance Imaging %MRI&" CT scan" ultrasounddevices" etc are amongst the uses of computers in hospitals Even man*surgical procedures" #nown as laparoscopic surgeries" need the help ofcomputers ?e, conferencing helps doctors treat people remotel*

Computers in <an?ing: The ,an#ing sector has improved on frontssuch as securit*" ease of use" etc with the help of computers Most ofthe ,an#ing operations can ,e done online" #nown as Internet ,an#ing"

and *ou donJt have to wal# up to the ,an# for virtuall* an*thing Lou canwithdraw mone* from 'TMs and deposit mone* in an* ,ranch" than#s tothe networ#ing a7ected ,* the use of computers The complete ,an#inge+perience has also ,ecome safer 'lso read a,out the use of computersin ,usiness


U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15

46

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

Computers in Crime In7estigation: 5igh end computer deviceshave ensured that 3ustice is more e7ective CCT< cameras andother computer operated securit* s*stems have reduced theamount of crime 'nd if it still happens there are man* wa*s totrac# down the criminal in no time Horensic science emplo*scomputers for man* of its operations related to investigations

Computers for $ntertainment: The .eld of entertainment has,een revolutioni@ed ,* computers 'nimation" graphic image

manipulation etc has made the entertainment e+perience hundredtimes ,etter Computer gaming is achieving new landmar#s interms of technolog* Movie ma#ing" editing" music composition etcever*thing needs computers


U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15

47

U%$% 8 CM#UT$!

Computers for Tra@c ight Control: In trac light control thecomputer is ,eing emplo*ed to drive the trac light There aresome programmed codes li#e / turn o7 the red light/ or /turn onthe red light/ to control the trac light and to carr* out theinstructions that follows

Computers in %ports: In sports computers are used wildl* incon3unction with video cameras These are used to record themotion of all the sports men 0! programs are used later on tohelp the trainers see there movements and could improve there

st*les of pla*ing


!$ 8 CM#UT$!% IN

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15

48

!$ 8 CM#UT$!% INM)N)G$M$NT

<oo??eeping: Computer s*stems are heavil* utili@ed for a variet* of accountingfunctions" including emplo*ee pa*roll cash Now anal*sis 3o, costing trac#ing of

vendor and customer pa*ments and de,ts federal" state" and local ta+es and other

e+penses and revenues that impact on the ,usinessJs .scal health mall ,usiness

owners use computers for ,oo##eeping more than for an* other purpose" andsoftware programs designed to help even ine+perienced ,usiness owners with their

,oo##eeping have proliferated on the mar#etplace in recent *ears as a result

<usiness Communications: The introduction of computer fa+es and especiall*electronic mail s*stems has revolutioni@ed the wa* that ,usinesses communicate

with one another Moreover" e-mail has signi.cantl* altered how emplo*ees within

the same compan* interact with one another The savings" ,oth in time and mone*"that have ,een reali@ed through the use of this computer technolog* have ,een

considera,le E-mail" for instance" not onl* ena,les users to save signi.cant sums ofmone* that would otherwise go to long-distance telephone and deliver* charges" ,utalso speeds up the process of information deliver* Computer fa+es" meanwhile" also

ena,le ,usinesses to /save" la,or" oce supplies" and long-distance phone charges/

that are associated with regular fa+ machines

!$ 8 CM#UT$!% IN

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 49


<usiness "ecisions: ?hen managers have to ma#e decisions a,out thetechnical details of their operations" computers can surel* help The* can,e used to collect and anal*@e data that will allow the managers to ma#etheir operations move more ecientl* ' computer can ,e an e+cellenttool for anal*@ing data" and that can ,e e+tremel* helpful in determiningwhat management decisions wor# and what management decisions fallshort of the intended goal

Manufacturing: Computer'aided manufacturing 3C)M&" meanwhile"uses geometrical design data to control automated machiner* and otherproduction processes ince ,oth C'! and C'M use computer ,ased

methods for encoding geometrical data" it is possi,le for the processes ofdesign and manufacture to ,e highl* integrated Computer-aided designand manufacturing s*stems are commonl* referred to as C'!KC'M andare used in car manufacturing etc

!$ 8 CM#UT$!% IN

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


01/21/15 50


In7entory Control: mall ,usinesses are increasingl* using computers totrac# all aspects of their inventor*" including warehousing" ordering"receiving" and distri,ution in a cohesive and intelligent manner as itnegotiates the various o,stacles of the ,usiness world

Mar?eting: Computer applications for mar#eting have surged in recent*ears Organi@ations are gathering tremendous amounts of informationa,out customers" mar#ets" and industries ,* using computer technolog*

$'commerce: ' num,er of companies have esta,lished small ,usinessportals on the ?orld ?ide ?e, to give companies access to software andservicesQsuch as pa*roll processing" legal services" online ,an#ing" orassistance in ,uilding a ?e, site for E-commerce E-commerce is the,u*ing and selling of products and services on the Internet" and it seemsto ,e the wave of the future

H)A)!"% 8 CM#UT$! U%)G$

8/9/2019 Ppt1 Intro


H)A)!"% 8 CM#UT$! U%)G$

Computer can ,e a threat to national and international securit*" ,* sending messages"

con.dential data

Computer have also caused too much unemplo*ment Organi@ations are now replacing peoplewith computers which leaves out most people unemplo*ed" this has also a7ected societ* )imited

3o, opportunities since human resources are ,eing replaced ,* computers

ome people have even forgotten how to write well using there hands due to over use ofcomputersComputers" no matter how good the* are" are su,3ect to errors 'dditionall*" the information that

one gets from a computer %for instance" research collected from on line sources& is onl* as goodas the information that was entered into that source The* are onl* as accurate as whatJs ,eenentered into them ,co@ /gar,age in" gar,age out/

Millions of people around the world" now use computers as their primar* ,usiness tool In the lastdecade or so" the num,er of hours people use computers has increased tremendousl* ?ith thisincrease in the use of computers" pro,lems have also increased Computerrelated healthpro,lems are caused ,* improper use and lac# of #nowledge a,out Safe computing

techniques ome of the most common pro,lems related to computer use are Carpal tunnelsyndromeB repetiti7e strain inuryB computer eyestrainB computer 7ision syndrome

One can get addicted to the computer if heKshe sit and wor# %game" chat etc& on the computertoo much

If the computer crashes while using" our wor# gets lost forever Computers can get infected withviruses" which can cause loss of wor# and information ,eing stolen )oss of data due to dis#crush" viruses" illegal access to information ,* hac#ers

Date post:	01-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	vikrantsuwan
View:	229 times
Download:	0 times

Ppt1 Intro

Documents