04/08/23 1

Leveraging XML Standards and Technologies Linked to Enterprise Architecture: Key to Government Transformation!

John DoddIAC Enterprise Architecture SIG- Co-chairComputer Sciences Corporation(CSC)jdodd@csc.com

Linking IAC White Papers to XML Working Group

“XML Everywhere- A pervasive enabling technology”

04/08/23 2

New Challenges Facing Agencies

Challenges• Focus on Business needs• Develop “Federated” Business Line Architectures• Align with FEA Reference Models with Industry Standards• Manage EAs across the Government- work with NASCIO, etc• Use of Emerging Open Standards

Goals

• Provide “best-practices” and “thought leadership”on challenge problems•Support the Deployment and Outreach effort•Work with CIO Council and our government customers

04/08/23 3

Agenda

IAC Role and StatusFEA Reference Model and New ApproachEnterprise Models- Linked to XML and Web ServicesFocus on “Cross Government Information Sharing”- Business Line ArchitectureValue and Leveraging XML: Challenges of InfusionRecommendation for XML-based Technologies becoming “Mainstream” and Pervasive

04/08/23 4

Context SettingIAC Support for Challenge problems FEA Reference Model: Made up of Reference Models acts as common “Target” Architecture and IAC recommends additions with strong focus on process/methodology elements with Strong Focus on “Applying”

www.feapmo.gov

XML, Web Services, other technologies linked to the Enterprise Architecture effort as part of an overall Technology Management initiative.Leveraging XML Technology- Business Case- the Value and fitting within the FEA MindsetClosing the Technical-Business Divide- “Common Conceptual Ground”- Goal Oriented- Beyond Neat to Useful and Useable!

04/08/23 5

“Emerging” Set of Common Goals• Business Goal Driven Framework• Transformation Framework: Models need

Methods, New Thoughts, New Actions• Enterprise Model that links models

together: Unified Enterprise Model• Leverage Inherent Features of Enabling

Technologies: Use Mature and Be Ready for Emerging Technologies(eg. Web Services)

• Human Actions and Role Changes integrated with Models

• Implement Business Process Models and Federated Information Models with Model/Meta Data Approaches

• Strong Open Standards Support and Involvement

• Establish Cross-Government Interoperable Centric Concept of Information Supply Chain and Integration Points

• Services-based Infrastructure(s): Everything a Service including Security Service Framework

• Support for Reuse and other Tools needed for all Aspects

Business Operational ViewDomain aspects of business transactions

Business Operational ViewDomain aspects of business transactions

Technology Service ViewIT aspects of business transactions

Technology Service ViewIT aspects of business transactions

04/08/23 6

Overall Context Diagram: IAC Papers linked to FEA/RM and FEAF- IAC

TransitionPLAN

GEAF1.0

Business Line Channels

Channel 1: XXX

Channel : AAAA

Business Line Infostructure

Forming BL Communities

Support Delivery of ServicesLegislative ManagementBusiness Management of InformationIT ManagementPlanning and Resource AllocationRegulatory Management

Controls and OversightPublic AffairsInternal Risk Management and MitigationFederal Financial Assistance

Services to Citizens

Public Asset ManagementMarketable Asset ManagementDefense & Nat’l Security Ops*Diplomacy & Foreign RelationsDisaster ManagementDomestic EconomyEducationEnergy ManagementInsurancePublic HealthRecreation & National ResourceSocial ServicesR&D Science

Regulated Activity ApprovalConsumer SafetyEnvironmental ManagementLaw EnforcementLegalRevenue CollectionTrade (Import/Export)TransportationWorkforce Management

Internal Operations/Infrastructure

Human Resources Admin

Inter-Agency Intra-Agency

Financial ManagementSupply Chain Management

Human Resources Admin

Financial ManagementSupply Chain Management

Support Delivery of ServicesLegislative ManagementBusiness Management of InformationIT ManagementPlanning and Resource AllocationRegulatory Management

Controls and OversightPublic AffairsInternal Risk Management and MitigationFederal Financial Assistance

Services to Citizens

Public Asset ManagementMarketable Asset ManagementDefense & Nat’l Security Ops*Diplomacy & Foreign RelationsDisaster ManagementDomestic EconomyEducationEnergy ManagementInsurancePublic HealthRecreation & National ResourceSocial ServicesR&D Science

Regulated Activity ApprovalConsumer SafetyEnvironmental ManagementLaw EnforcementLegalRevenue CollectionTrade (Import/Export)TransportationWorkforce Management

Internal Operations/Infrastructure

Human Resources Admin

Inter-Agency Intra-Agency

Financial ManagementSupply Chain Management

Human Resources Admin

Financial ManagementSupply Chain Management

Information &Data Reference

Model: Using FederatedApproach

Model: Usage

• BRM in Conceptual – Strategy Stage• Service Component Model

Firstgov

Interfaces,Interoperability,

Integration:•TRM

• Mgmt

Technology Architecture

Applications Architecture

Information &Data Architecture

BusinessArchitecture

Technology Architecture

Applications Architecture

Information &Data Architecture

BusinessArchitecture

FrameworkReference Models:

EAGovernance &

TechnologyManagement

HumanEA Element

RM to FEAF

Compatibility

Changes

Sec

uri

ty S

ervi

ce

Fra

mew

ork

• Successful EA Activities:• Leveraging experience -- Facing new challenges

Process Changes

• Cross-cutting Security Architecture

Change

PRM-Business Case -Value Management

Goal Select Plan

Evaluate

04/08/23 7

Transformation= New (Thoughts + Models+ Process) with Value-Focused Actions that are Managed!

Wayof Thinking

Wayof Managing

Wayof Supporting

Way of Modeling

Way ofWorking

Linked- Governance

Common Services

Linked- Implementations

Way ofExecuting

Actionable Steps

Citizen-Centered,

Business Lines, Cross-

government, RM, etc

Way ofFocusing

Value

04/08/23 8

The FEA Business Reference Model (BRM), Version 1.0

Internal Operations / Infrastructure

Human Resources, Financial Management Admin Supply Chain Management

Human Resources, Financial Management Admin Supply Chain Management

Inter-Agency Intra-Agency

Support Delivery of ServicesLegislative ManagementBusiness Management of InformationIT ManagementPlanning and Resource AllocationRegulatory Management

Controls and OversightPublic AffairsInternal Risk Management and MitigationFederal Financial Assistance

WebServices

Telephone-Voice-Interactive

E-systemto System

Public/PrivatePartnerships Fax Kiosk

Face toFace Mail

Program Admin ComplianceServices to Citizens

Public Asset ManagementMarketable Asset ManagementDefense & Nat’l Security OpsDiplomacy & Foreign RelationsDisaster ManagementDomestic Economy

EducationEnergy Management

InsurancePublic Health

Recreation & National ResourcesSocial ServicesR&D & Science

Regulated Activity ApprovalConsumer Safety

Environmental ManagementLaw Enforcement

LegalRevenue Collection

Trade (Import/Export)Transportation

Workforce Management

Program Admin ComplianceServices to Citizens

Public Asset ManagementMarketable Asset ManagementDefense & Nat’l Security OpsDiplomacy & Foreign RelationsDisaster ManagementDomestic Economy

EducationEnergy Management

InsurancePublic Health

Recreation & National ResourcesSocial ServicesR&D & Science

Regulated Activity ApprovalConsumer Safety

Environmental ManagementLaw Enforcement

LegalRevenue Collection

Trade (Import/Export)Transportation

Workforce Management

WebServices

Telephone-Voice-Interactive

E-systemto System

Public/PrivatePartnerships Fax Kiosk

Face toFace Mail

Government-to-CitizenAccess Channels

Employee- to-Employee Access Channels

Lines of Business

Sub-Functions

InternalLines of Business

(pictured on following pages)

Business Areas

Page 8

04/08/23 9

XML Standards and Web Services Alignment with FEAF and FEA RM’s

ResourceManagement &Administration

Data and Information ModelsXMI, CWM, MOF, XML Infoset, Xpath, Xlink, RDF, etc….

Standards

Grants

Technology Architecture

Applications Architecture

Information &Data Architecture

BusinessArchitecture S

E

C

U

RI

T

Y

Evaluation &Research

EnforcementInformationDissemination

ResourceManagement &Administration

Security Architecture/

ManagementPolicy(SAML)

Standards

Emerging SystemsTechnology-

Grants

TRM: Communication Access Channels: WSDL, SOAP, Channel Definition Formats, etc

Business Process

BPMS,ebXML/BPSS, BTP,UML/EDOC, UEML,WSDL

Technology Architecture

Applications Architecture

Information &Data Architecture

BusinessArchitecture S

E

C

U

RI

T

Y

Evaluation &Research

EnforcementInformationDissemination

XML Security & WS

Component-Standards and use of Self-Describing Service Descriptions (WSDL, etc)

04/08/23 10

Standards Mapped to the Reference Model…..Work with Standards Organizations to Meet e-Government and EA/BLA Needs

Page 10

BUSINESS

NEEDS

RESOURCE

ALLOCATIO

N

DESIRED

OUTCOMES

Information Technology

Other Capital Assets

Workforce

Human Capital

Equipment,Fleet &

Facilities

Service Components,

Technology & Data

• Citizen Service• Mission Performance• Internal efficiency

OUTCOMESCommon measures across agencies and programs

Programs tied to outcomes

Business support and administrative opportunities

Resource distribution

The Business Reference Model (BRM)- Define Common BPM Models and Vocabulary- BPMN with Government Extensions

Resource reference models:- Service Components- Facilities- Workforce, etc.

The Performance Reference Model (PRM): XBRL Plus Performance Goal extension –Government Extension Needed!

Support Delivery of Services

Internal Operations/Infrastructure

Legislative ManagementBusiness Management of Information

IT ManagementPlanning and Resource AllocationRegulatory Management

Controls and OversightPublic Affairs

Internal Risk Management and MitigationFederal Financial Assistance

Human Resources Financial Management Admin Supply Chain Management

Human Resources Financial Management Admin Supply Chain Management

Inter - Agency Intra - Agency

WebServices

Telephone- Voice- Interactive

E-systemto System

Public/PrivatePartnerships

Fax Kiosk Face toFace

Mail

Program Admin ComplianceServices to Citizens

Public Asset ManagementMarketable Asset ManagementDefense & Nat’l Security OpsDiplomacy & Foreign RelationsDisaster ManagementDomestic EconomyEducationEnergy Management

InsurancePublic HealthRecreation & National Resources

Social ServicesR&D & Science

Regulated Activity ApprovalConsumer Safety

Environmental ManagementLaw Enforcement

LegalRevenue Collection

Trade (Import/Export)Transportation

Workforce Management

WebServices

Telephone- Voice- Interactive

E-systemto System

Public/PrivatePartnerships

Fax Kiosk Face toFace

Mail

Web Services/ XML ExtensionsTracked by Leveraging Technology

Working Groups

04/08/23 11

Recommend Technology Management Activities

Strategic Selection of Key Enabling TechnologiesBusiness Case for Technology-What are the benefits- early adopters to “prove” it. Benefits and Value Propositions.Technology for the Business LeadersTechnology Education.Technology Roadmaps: Keeping Options OpenMaturity Maps- periodically updated. Involvement in Open Standards efforts- OMG, OASIS, etc- Active ParticipationCommunities of Interest and sharing of Best practices.Competency Centers such as “infostructure” Competency CenterTechnology Readiness Timeline as part of Sequencing Plan- Open Architectures.Enterprise Integration Solution Labs- test the interfaces and integration elements upfront with a continuous integration strategy.Technology Management added to the EA Guidelines document

04/08/23 12

Strategic Selection of Key Enabling Technologies

Management Forces

TechnologyAssessment-

CurrentArchitecture Technical

Forces

StrategicTechnology

Focus

Strategic Paths of Change- Technology Tracking• Web Open Standards•Components and Frameworks•Interoperability Frameworks and Standards•Binding and Language Integration Standards•Transaction Management•Data Base Performance and Federation•Expressive Systems•Data Analysis and Reporting - Web Access•Business Process Integration Systems- Process Modeling, Rules•Security Integration•Collaboration and Distributive Dynamic Information Systems

Technology Reviews andInfusion in

Sequencing Plan

04/08/23 13

TRM and XML: Web Services- Self Describing Components

04/08/23 14

Self-Describing SOAP-based information Exchange Package- Key Part of Infostructure

Extension File

Xlinks- Xpaths-Xpointers orlocators

Schema/DTD’s Self Describing

Base File

Inner Envelope

Outside Envelope

VC “tagged”

Information Package Header

Information PackageAudit Trail

Information Directory- Meta Data

Master Audit Log File

Mapped to Business Process

Standard Filing Elements(Canonical form) added

During parts of BP/Event processing

/Annotations-Collaborative Comments can be added by peers

Each element can be protected- “Locked” using policy & role-based enforcement

management

Lock , Signature,and SelectiveEncrypting

Security Policy- Security Headers, Signatures, Encryption

04/08/23 15

Leveraging Technology Work Groups should defineTechnology Roadmaps: Keeping Options Open

Mature:•J2EE•XML Technology Core•Document Management•Data Warehouse

Emerging:• XML Security•SOAP with Attachments•Xforms- Record Management•ebXML•BPMS- BPMN•UML 2.0- Model Driven• XML Integration Tools•KM Linked to BP

Incubating:•Government-Domain XML

•Legal XML•Emergency Systems

•Topic Maps•Semantic Web•XML Paths-Links•Web Services Security

Timeline

Current6 Months-18 Months

12 months- 48 months

Used at Workshop to Gather Opinions- Options- Focus on Value

Mainstream- Acceptance by

Pragmatist

04/08/23 16

XML Maturity Mapping

04/08/23 17

Technology Readiness Timeline

Principles, Constraints, Assumptions

…Design Standards

Justice Initiatives• IT Planning• JCN- II• JCON- IIA• Common Data

Definition

Emerging StandardsJ2EE/ConnectionsJMSW3C/XML-Business Standards-ebXML, BPMSJava Meta API

Now 2+1 Year

Incubating• New Security

Concepts• Semantic Web• Dynamic Firewalls• LegalXML• J2EE Mgmt Spec

FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005

Justice Initiatives

Early Pipeline: Technology• Dynamic Firewalls• Domain Services• Semantic Web-Searches• Recommendation Systems• Fault Tolerance• QOS• Legal XML

Ready: Technology Mature• Forms Management• Data Warehouse, Data Marts• Portals• EAI/Middleware• Content Management• Collaboration/KM• Business Rules• LDAP• XML Technical Core• J2EE

Near Ready: Technology• Data Integration• Web Services/Components• Business process with Workflow• Document Management/NARA• XML/SOAP

Government Mandates

• President’s Mgmt Agenda

• OMB-A130- EA• E-gov• GPEA - 2003• Clinger-Cohen• Section 508• GPRA

04/08/23 18

Focus on Information Sharing: Interfaces, Interoperability and Integration

Business Line ArchitectureInfostructure: “Information Interoperability Reference Model”Exchange Packet formats and “Common Components” and Access and Connection ServicesWork with NASCIO and Local organizationsOMG-OASIS Government Task ForcesEncourage “unified” Standards participation Government with Industry partners Standards profileImpact the Acquisition Process with Open Standard FirstProcess- a few ways and not- hundreds of waysTaking action

04/08/23 19

Business Service Framework:Federates Data and Links Business Services across Business Lines

Business Line Channels: Business Service-Data mapped & available

a

d e

b

f

c

g h

/

Business Service -Data Federation

Data

a

d e

Data

b

f

Data

c

g h

Zone A

Zone B Zone C

Business Line and “Zone”

Resource Managemen

t:Federated-Business

Communities

04/08/23 20

Common Infostructure- Process Emergence of Business Service Network

Network as a Service Delivery Platform

Business Line A

Architecture

Lead

Agency X

Support

Agency y

Context

Business Line

B

Business Line

C

IntegrationZone

Integration Point

Firewalls- enforcement

points

Common “Infostructure Framework”

04/08/23 21

Cross-Government EA Management

04/08/23 22

Next StepsAdd Side-bars to each of the paper linking XML and Web Services to the Topic Area“Section” on XML-based Information Exchanges, Metadata, XMI, Federated Security and Trust- “Infostructure” for BLA Interested in External Reviewers- additional government and industry experts to review and refine papers3 more papers underway: Security and Privacy Service Framework, Web Services to EA with Action, Business Line Infostructure and Aligned Process with NASCIO along with other ideas to share on Governance-Technology ManagementSupport will shift to more Deployment and Outreach SupportGovernment Reviewers Needed and Industry Involvement Encouraged

Contact Davis Roberts "Roberts, Davis" <CAROLINE.DAVIS.ROBERTS@saic.com>