Prasad Gokhale

Marathi Bhashik Mandal

April 30, 2011

Debt

Sources of Compilation

Vedic Literature

Puraan, Ramayan, Mahabharat

Zend Avesta, Greek Sources

Astromical, Philological, Archaelogical, Literary

Genetics

RgVed – Oldest Book

Belongs to All, irrespective of class, colour or creed Astronomical References Taiteriya Brahman (3:1:15), where Brushaspati (Jupiter) crossed

the Pushya constellation, gives a date of 4650 B.C. Aiteriya Brahmana refers to 6000 B.C. From the calculation of the vernal equinox cycle, the Taiteriya

Samhita provides dates that reach as far as 22000 B.C (Ref: Vartak, Tilak).

The life sized head has a hair style which the Vedas describe as being unique to Vasishtha... Carbon 14 tests indicate that it was cast around 3700 B.C., with an error in either direction of upto 800 years .. an age also confirmed by independent metallurgical tests" (J. of Indo-European Studies, v.18, 1990, p.425-46).

The Homeland (Manu)

Early Kings

Manu the son of Vivasvan, was the 15th decendant of

Barhi.

Manu's decendants are called Manav.

During his rule a terrible flood broke out. It is believed

that a shark (First incarnation of Vishnu) helped Manu

survive the floods.

Swayambhuva Manu Kaliyug : 3102 B.C (Varahamihira, Kalhana, Arya Bhatta,

Vruddha Garga, Puraan)

ChaturYuga Cycle : 12000 human years (4800 years Kruta, 3600 Treta, 2400 Dwapar, 1200 Kali)

Vaivasta Manu: 13902 B.C (10,800 years before Kali)

Swayambhuva Manu: 29000 B.C (71 Divya Years before) 1 Divya Year = 360 human years)

The Matsya Puraan (129-76, 77) confirms

B.G.Tilak in his "Orion" has calculated 29101 B.C., using astronomical data

“Bhaarat” Origins

• King Nahush caretaker of Indra's Kingdom

• King Yayati's thirst to remain young

• Yayati rewards his youngest son Puru

• Shakuntala is born to Apsara Menakaa

• Prince Dushyant secretly marries Shakuntala.

• Shakuntala looses the ring, that proves her to

be Dushyant's wife.

• Ring is found. Return of Shakuntala.

• King Bharat. After whom the country is

called Bhaarat.

Cradle of Civilization Where? When? Spread?

Harappan figurines depict a mother goddess often enough, and again

the Vedic hymns implore various aspects of the Mother: Sarasvati, Ushas, Ila, Aditi, Prithvi, Bharati… the cult of a mother goddess is attested as early as 8000 or 9000 BCE!

(Source: Page 234 of The Lost River: On the Trail of the Sarasvati, by Michel Danino, Penguin Books, 2010).

Saraswati-Sindhu Culture

Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh

•300 cities & many supporting villages covered 1,500,000 sq. km. Bigger than Western Europe. •Most cities were shaped as parallelograms. •Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa had populations of 100,000. •Cities had giant reservoirs for water. •Underground drainage system. •2 or 3 storied houses, built with bricks of uniform size. •Weights were standardized. •The entire empire used same script. •Marine culture. A huge dock in Lothal. •They exported goods to Egypt (Nile) and Sumer (Iraq, Tigris-Euphrates).

River System

•Sapta-Sindhu Region

•Saraswati changes course 4

times, finally disappears

Saraswati

Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh

RgVedic Places

40,000 year old Painting

•White silica sandstone rock shelter

•Bhimbetka Caves

•Notice the horse with rider

Outbound Migration

Commerce (miners, sailors, merchants)

Natural Movement

War

Famine, Flood

Early Migrations (War of Ten Kings)

Early Migration – The first Wave The First Great Migration: Druhyus spread out northwards from

northwestern Punjab and Afghanistan into Central Asia (and beyond)

The Second Great Migration: The Anus spread out westwards from the Punjab into Afghanistan BhRgus (Phryges, Thraco-Phrygians), Alinas (Hellenes, Greeks) and Simyus

(Sirmios, Illyrians or Albanians) migrating westwards from Afghanistan as far as Anatolia and southeastern Europe

Kashyapa Rishi is associated with northern regions like Kashmir, that was originally called Kashyapa Mira or Kashyapa’s lake … also the Caspian Sea appears to be named after him

Uttara Kurus, described as a spiritual paradise north of the Himalayas (perhaps Siberia or Shiva-riya)

Daasharadnya Yuddha (War of Ten Kings)

Iranian (Abhivarta) Chayamana – King of Paarthava people

Bhaaradwaj Rishi, Commander Divodaasa (Father Daivavatata, Son Sudas)

Sudas (Vishmamitra, Vasishtha, Agastya) Puru, Yadu, Turvasa Anu, Druhyu, Alina, Paktha ('Pathan'; 'Pashthun'), Bhalinas, Siva,

Visanin, Simyu, Vaikarna

Sindhu River – Migration to East and West

Early Migration Anatolian (Hittite) was the first branch to leave the homeland:

“The Anatolian languages, of which Hittite is the best known … they apparently represent an earlier stage of Indo-European, and are regarded by many as the first group to break away from the proto-language.

Four branches, Indic, Iranian, Hellenic (Greek) and Thraco-Phrygian (Armenian) were the last branches remaining behind in the original homeland after the other branches had dispersed.

European Celts clearly practiced, and a few still do, more orthodox Vedic type religions, with similar traditions of chanting, rituals, deity worship, mantra and meditation.

Migration to West (Tigris, Euphrates)

Roosam and Siberia (Shiva-Riya)

Paarthava and Bharata

Hindu Kush Region (Nagas)

Zarathushtra Vedic Iranian (Dasyu)

Zarathustra, a contemporary of king Vishtaspa (Sage Kaksivan speaks of one Istasva) lived around 7100 B.C.

Greeks Herodotus / Strabo: Caspian Sea and Caucasus mountains are named from Sage Kaspios (Sage Kashyapa of the Rg Veda)

Migration to the West Iran-Iraq Charles Vallency quotes Sir William Jones as saying "It

has been proved by clear evidence and plain reasoning that a powerful monarchy was established in Iran, long before the Assyrian or Pishdadi government; that it was in truth a Hindu monarchy ... that is subsisted many centuries.." (Collectania De Rebus Hibernicus, p.465).

Pococke observes, "that a system of Hinduism pervaded the whole Babylonian and Assyrian empires"

Migration Routes (Pani, Kuvera)

Migration to the West Europe / Greece Renfrew allows a date as early as 6000 B.C. for the migration of

Vedic aryans into Europe ("The Origins of Indo- European Languages", Sc.Amer, Oct, 1989).

Egypt Prof. Brugsch Bey writes in "History of Egypt" that "We have a right

to more than suspect that India, eight thousand years ago, sent a colony of emigrants who carried their arts and high civilization into what is now known to us as Egypt. The Egyptians came, according to their records, from a mysterious land (now known to lie on the shores of the Indian ocean) ... led by Amen, Hor, Hathor (Brahma, Hari, Rudra)..."

Migration to the West Greece Pococke writes in "India in Greece" (quoted in Age of Buddha, by

K.Venkatachalam, p.75), "The early civilization, the early arts, the indubitably early literature of India are equally the civilization of, the arts, and literature of Egypt and of Greece; for geographical references conjoined to historical facts and religious practices, now prove beyond all dispute than the latter countries are the colonies of the former".

The Greeks (and Egyptians) derived their cosmogony from the

Hindus is apparent from their respective literature (Deshpandey, "Bharat: As seen and known by foreigners").

Vedic Greek Deities

Greek Sanskrit Meaning

Zeus dyu, Dyaus shine, sky, day; sky god

Hera soar bright sky

Uranus var conceal, cover

Daphne Dahana dawn

Ixion Akshanah one bound to a wheel

Paris Panis night demons

Athene ahana the light of daybreak

Prometheus Pramanthas Stick used to kindle Fire(Agni)

Vedics in Italy

An Vedic emblem at in the Etruscan Museum at the

Vatican in Rome. Encyclopedia Britannica mentions

under the headings "Etruria" and "Etruscan" that

between the 2nd

and 7th

centuries BC

Vedics in Italy

Roman consul wearing a “tilak” ... (Published in

"History of Rome" page 237 by Smith and in "Long

Missing Links" by Aiyangar.)

Vedics in Italy

What appear to be Ramayanic paintings … Rama, Sita,

Lakshman and Lava, Kusha with a horse related to

(Ashwamedha)

Gypsies of Europe

Linguistic and genetic analysis

has charted the Gypsy migration

from India to Europe through the

Hindu Kush, along Persia and the

southern shoreline of the Caspian

Sea, through the southern

Caucasus (Armenia)

And westwards to Anatolia and

Byzantium.

10 million live in Europe

Druids - Druhyus in Europe (Hari-yupia)

South-Central America (Paatala, Kingdom of Bali)

Mayans, Peruvians, Aztecs, Incas Nagas, Kubera, Shiva, Sun Worship

Rama is represented as a descendant from the sun, as the husband of

Sita, and the son of a princess named Causelya. It is very remarkable that

Peruvians, whose Incas boasted of the same descent, styled their

greatest festival Rama-Sitva; whence we may take it that South America

was peopled by the same race who imported into the farthest of parts of

Asia the rites and the fabulous history of Rama. (Asiatic Researches Volume I. p. 426)

"a proper examination of these monuments would disclose the fact that in

their interior as well as their exterior form and obvious purposes, these

buildings (temples in Palanque, Mexico) correspond with great exactness

to those of Hindustan..."

(Ephraim George Squier (1821-1888) in Peru; Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the

Land of the Incas and The Serpent Symbol, and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles

of Nature in America.

Route to South America (“Paatal”)

The ancient sea routes from India to South America following the ocean current.

(source: The Indians And The Amerindians - By Dr. B. Chakravarti p. 82).

Quichua and Sanskrit Akapana (cloudscolored by sun) aka (painting)

chani (price) jani (produce)

chinkat (jaguar) sinha (lion)

Chirau (resplendent) sura (to shine), chirayu (long lasting)

huakra (horn) vakra (curved)

kakarpa (tent) k'arpara (parasol)

mita (time) mita (step passage of time)

muti (pounded corn) mut (to pound)

nana (sister) nanda (sister)

pakkni (to break) pike (to break)

paksa (the moon) paksa (the full moon)

pisi (small) pis (to break)

pitata (bedroom) pita (house, cottage)

simpa (cord) samb (to tie)

soro (spiritual liqour) sura (spiritual liquor)

sokta (six) shaasya (six)

(source: The Ayar-Incas - By Miles Poindexter p. 211-215).

Rituals, Poetry, Education

“From child-birth to cremation and Sati the Aztecs (“Astiks”) observed

almost all Hindu rituals including the Gurukula system of education

followed in India. The Incas of Peru with Ayar Brahman ancestry observed

the sacred thread ceremony, the ear-piercing ceremony all other Hindu

rituals and rigidly observed the caste systems of India.

It is not without reason that the Spanish author Lopez says in his book Le

Races Aryans de Peru : “”Every page of Peruvian poetry bears the imprint

of Ramayana and Mahabharata.”

Ages of Glory (Ramayan - Mahabharat Era)

Ramayana 5500 B.C

Evidence Tradition informs that Mahabharata occurred at the

end of Dwaapar Yuga and Ramayana at the end of Treta Yuga.

Some clues from Sumerian clay tablets, Isin and Kish chronicles which approximate the date of the first king (Ukhu == Iksh-vaku) of the first dynasty of Sumeria to be 8350 B.C.

Shree Rama was 75th in Ikshwaku lineage and that 60 generations passed between Shree Rama and Shree Krishna. … (Shrimad Bhagvat) that Ramayanic date therefore falls at about 5300 B.C.

Rama Setu

•Fictitious?

•30 km long –

Ramaeshwar and

Srilanka

Ramayana Abroad

Nepal, Sri Lanka, South Easy Asia

Japan and China from Jataka

Cold Siberia

Mayans of Mexico, Poetry Peru and Vishnu Temple

in Uruguay

“work of the Nazca people for navigational aid”.

According to local legend, this carved trident

represents the lightning rod of the god Viracocha,

who was worshipped throughout South America.

Ramayana in South East Asia

Prambanan was built in Java, Indonesia by Rakai Pikatan, king of the Second Mataram Dynasty (late 9th century AD).

Lions flee as Ravana uproots the mountain where Shiva sits with his consort Parvati. (Temple relief Angkor, Cambodia )

Ramayana in South East Asia

Rama, Sita and Lakshmana enter the forest ( Golden Gong Puppet Theatre (Yok the pwe, marionettes)

Yangon, Myanmar

Ravana kidnaps Sita.

Lakhon bassac (folk opera), DaoTan

Drama Theatre

Binh Dinh, Vietnam

Jatayu tries to rescue Sita. Detail of

mural painting (late 18th C) at Wat

Phra Si Ratana Satsadaram (Wat Phra

Kaeo) Temple

Bangkok, Thailand

Ramayana in South East Asia

Hanuman delivers Rama's ring to Sita. Khon (court dance drama), Natyasala Dance School

Wiangchan, Laos

The monkeys build a causeway of

rocks to Ravana's kingdom. Hanuman

dives below the sea and finds

Suvarnamatsya, Wat That Luang

Ratsamahawihan temple,

Luang Phabang, Laos.

Mahabharat 3138 B.C.

Evidence

Archaeological evidence (Dwaraka, River Saraswati), inscriptions found at various places (Aihole, Belgaum, Nidhanpur)

Greek records (Megasthenes), etc. provide interesting clues to the dateline of the Mahabharat.

On one of the excavations obtained from the Egyptian Pyramid, dated to 3000 B.C, is found engraved a verse from the Bhagavad Geeta "vasanvsi jeernani yatha vihaya, navani ghrunnati naro parani" (Nava Bharat Times, 18-4-67).

A tablet found in the Mohenjodaro sites depicts Lord Krishna and

is dated to be 2600 B.C (Mackay's report, Part 1) According to B.B. Lal, horse bones, vestiges of the Ashwamedh,

have been discovered at Hastinapur.

Immense Destruction Krishna leaves his earthly abode

Kaliyug descends

Dwaraka submerged, Saraswati disappears

Yadav peoples disperse to Europe

1500 years pass

Heavy Migration occurs (Maya in Mexico, Bheema in Siberia)

Bhagavad Geeta is sung

Pali and Brahmi scripts are developed

Yadus in the Middle East

The Yadavas were progressive, dynamic, and energetic people. They

opened new vistas in every walk of life-music, dance, fine arts,

archery, government, wrestling, breeding, scaling high peaks,

inventing new device, discovering new ideologies, philosophies, etc.

The contribution of these people to India in particular, and the world in

general, immense...'

(Yadavas Throughout the Ages , Vol. II, pp. 7--8.)

Medieval Times (Post Mahabharat Era)

Mahaveer Jain

Born near Pataliputra (Bihar)

Jaina tradition holds that Bhagawan Mahaveer (Vardhamaan) left this world 15 years after the death of Bhagawan Buddha (1807 B.C.), i.e., in 1792 B.C., and since Mahaveer lived for a span of 72 years, he must have been born in 1864 B.C.

He preached that right faith (samyak-darshana), right knowledge (samyak-jnana), and right conduct (samyak-charitra) together will help attain the liberation of one's self.

Nonviolence (Ahimsa), Truthfulness (Satya), Non-stealing (Asteya), Chastity (Brahmacharya), Non-attachment (Aparigraha)

1864 B.C.

Gautam Buddha Siddhartha to Shuddhodana the king of

Kapilavastu (Nepal). Married to Yashodhara, who soon gave birth to a son who they called Rahul.

Gautam Siddharta was 23rd in the Ikshwaku lineage

Contemporary of Kshemajita, Bindusar and Ajatashatru, the 31st-33rd kings of the Shishunaga dynasty

Coronation of Ajatashatru tookplace, that is in 1814 B.C.

Astronomical calculations suggest Gautam Siddharta to be 2259 years after the Bharata War (3138 B.C.). which turns out to be 1880 B.C.

Born in 1887 B.C., Renunciation in 1858 B.C., Penance during 1858-52 B.C and Death in 1807 B.C.

Aarya-ashtangamarga

(Eight-fold path)

Chandragupta Maurya •“Magadha” King

•Greek chronicles silent on the

names of Chanakya, Bindusar (his

son) and even Ashoka (his

grandson)

•Shishunaga dynasty ruled for 360

years, beginning from 1994 B.C.

•Nanda dynasty was 100 years

(Mahapadma Nanda)

•During this time dams were

constructed on rivers for water

storage and irrigation. Rainfall

was measured. Silver coins were

issued by the rulers to facilitate

trade. (Earliest known coin is a

coin issued by Ajatshatru.)

1534 B.C.

Aadi Shankaracharya •Kaladi, Kerala (Sivaguru, Aaryamba)

•Sri Govinda Bagawathpathar (Guru)

•Established 4 “Maths” (pilgrimage site

and seat of learning )

•Jotirmath, Badrinath, Uttar Pradesh

•Govardhana Matha, Puri, Orrisa

•Sringeri Peetham, Shringeri,

Karnatak,

•Dwaraka Pitha, Dwaraka, Gujarat)

•Upholding the underlying unity of the

holy land of Bharat.

•Lived for 32 years (Quem di diligunt,

adolescens moratur -- Whom the gods

love, die young)

509 B.C.

Alexander meets Puru

King Porus

Alexander Defeated

Returns to the West

Gupta Dynasty Gupta Dynasty

•Xandramas, Sandrocotus,

Sandracyptus

•2811 years after the Mahabharata

War, i.e., corresponding to 328 B.C.

•Sandrokotus of the Greeks, the

political and social conditions in India

at that time, match to those of in the

era Chandragupta Gupta (not Maurya)

•"Golden Age" in the history of India

•Art and architecture, polity and

politics, wealth and wisdom

flourished side by side.

Cholas in South East Asia

Outbound Arya Migration

Myth of the Aryan Invasion

(1500 B.C)

Cause a split between

North and South, different

castes, aboriginals

Justification to rule Bharat

Arya means noble, with

good qualities (Rama,

Krishna, Buddha,

Chanakya)

Conintuous History and Spread

Vedic culture had reached a state of supreme high idealism

Arya people wanted to propagate and share with rest of the world

From the original Sapta-Sindhu homeland, and later, from the regions of Caspian Sea, the Vedics appear to have migrated across the globe

“Dravid” were the early offshoots of the Vedic people through Sage Agastya

Common history of humanity

Commonality and affinity of the most ancient languages with Sanskrit

Timelines Swayambhuva Manu 29,000 B.C.

Veda (early stages) 23,720 B.C.

Samhita (Taitiriya) 22,000 B.C.

Manu Chakshushu 17,500 B.C.

King Pruthu 16,050 B.C.

Manu Vaivasvata 14,000 B.C.

Indra-Skanda dialogue (Mahabharat) 13,000 B.C.

Glaciation period 8,000 B.C.

Dasharadnya War 7,000 B.C.

Ramayana 5,500 B.C.

Orion period 4,000 B.C.

Timelines Continued

Greeks separate 4,000 B.C.

Rajatarangini begins 3,450 B.C.

Gonanda-I of Kashmir 3,238 B.C.

Mahabharata 3,138 B.C.

Veda (last stages) 3,100 B.C.

Saptarsi era begins 3,076 B.C.

Saraswati-Sindhu Culture 3,000 B.C.

Gautam Siddharta born 1,887 B.C.

Gautam Siddharta Nirvana 1,807 B.C.

Mahaveer Jain born 1,862 B.C.

Timelines Continued

Chandragupta Maurya 1,534 B.C. Ashoka Maurya 1,482 B.C. Ashoka Gonanda 1,448 B.C. Kanishka 1,294 B.C. Kumarila Bhatta 557 B.C. Vruddha Garga 550 B.C. Aadi Shankaracharya born 509 B.C. Harsha Vikramaditya 457 B.C. Shatkarani Gautamiputra 433 B.C. Chandragupta Gupta

327 B.C. Shakari Vikramaditya 57 B.C. Shalivahan 78 A.D. Huen-Tsang 625 A.D. Kalhana (Kashmiri historian) 1,148 A.D