PRAVIN MORECONVENER

ALLIANCE FOR DALIT RIGHTS

Presentation on Scheduled caste Sub-Plan (SCSP)

Genesis of SCSP and TSP

Recognizing the relative backwardness of the SC and ST, which are considered as the weaker sections of society

Constitution of India introduced a special responsibility on the State to promote with special care, educational and economic interests of the weaker sections particularly Scheduled castes and ensure to protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.

Hence planned development of SC and ST needs the effective implementation of constitutional safeguards and welfare measures.

Scheduled Caste Sub Plan (SCSP) (Previously known as Special Component Plan) and Tribal Sub- Plan (TSP) is being implemented during sixth five year plan 1979-1981 with a view of uplift the economically and socially weaker population group of Scheduled castes (In Maharashtra including Buddha) and Scheduled Tribe.

Special Component Plan (SCP) for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) for Scheduled Tribes (STs) have been important strategies used in the planning process for quite some time in order to ensure that outlays and benefits from the general sectors of the Plans flow to SCs and STs at least in proportion to their population both in physical and financial terms.

Hon’ble Prime Minister in the 51st NDC Meeting held on 27.6.2005 has emphasized that “SCP and TSP should be an integral part of Annual Plans as well as Five Year Plans, making provisions therein non-divertible and non-lapsable with the clear objective of bridging the gap in socio-economic conditions of the SCs and STs within a period of 10 years”.

Objectives and Components of SCSP and TSP

Objectives Sustainable reduction in poverty and un-employment Creation of productive assets in favour of SC and ST to sustain the growth through

development efforts Human resource development of SC and ST by providing adequate educational and

health services, and Provision of physical and financial security against all type of exploitation and oppression

Components Only those schemes which ensures direct benefits to individuals, families of SC/ST Area oriented schemes directly benefiting SC/ST hamlets/ villages having majority of

SC/ST population Priority for basic minimum services like primary education, health, drinking water,

nutrition, rural housing, rural electrification and rural link road Schemes to develop agriculture and allied activities like animal husbandry, dairy

development, vocational training, etc. that provide a source of livelihood to the SC/ST population should be included

Innovative projects that draw upon institutional finance to supplement plan allocations may be drawn up

Main Guidelines for SCSP/TSP

Additional guidelines have also been issued by the Planning Commission to the States/UTs by way of reiteration of the existing instructions, relating to the formulation and implementation of SCP/TSP at the State/ UT level (vide reference D.O.No.M-13011/3/2005-SP-Co. dated 31-10-2005 and D.O.No.M-13054/2/2005-BC. dated 28-12-2005).

The State Government should prepare Special Component Plan (SCP) and Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) as per the proportion of SC and ST population of the State. The guidelines issued recently by the Planning Commission to the State Governments for the SCP and TSP formulation, implementation and monitoring need to be strictly adhered and followed ( D.O No. M- 13011/3/2005-SP-Co dated 31.10.2005)

Planning Commission has set up a dedicated “Special Component Plan (SCP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Unit , This Unit has been set up for monitoring the implementation of the recommendations of the Inter-Ministry Task Group Report on the Development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and to review and monitor the SCP and TSP of States/UTs and Central Ministries/ Departments.

Only those schemes should be included under SCP/TSP that ensure direct benefits to individuals or families belonging to SCs & STs.

It is also reiterated that Secretary, Social Welfare/Tribal Welfare should be the nodal Officer in the designing of schemes/programmes of SCP and TSP and allocation of funds to the implementing Departments/agencies. If it is not feasible, a dedicated Unit of SCP and TSP may be constituted in the Planning Department of the State with the Secretary, Social Welfare/Tribal Welfare as nodal Officer for designing, implementing and monitoring of SCP and TSP schemes/programmes in the State.

Maharashtra SCSP 2002 to 2010

Year Total Outlay

State

Expected SCSP

(16.20%)

Actual Outlay Expenditure Denied

Money to SCs

2002-03 11135.35 1803.92 530.27 285.86 1273.65

2003-04 6830 1106.46 751.30 305.23 355.16

2004-05 9233 1495.04 1015.63 550 479.41

2005-06 11000 1782 1122 1122 660

2006-07 13300 2154.60 1592 1494.73 562

2007-08 20000 3240 2060 2060 1180

2008-09 25000 4050 2332.80 - 1717.20

2009-10 26000 4212 2652 - 1560.00

Total 1,22,498.35 19,844.02 12,056.00 5,817.82

(02-07) 82.27%

7,788.02

Maharashtra SCSP 2010- 11

Total Budget SCSP allocations Percentage

33934.52 346100 10.2‰

Budgeted SCSPSCSP Percentage Final SCSP

Received Percentage Up to

December 2010 received SCSP

Percentage of received allocation with expenditure

308400.22 9.1‰ 10317568 3‰ 63760 61.14‰

Cont…

According to 2001 census SC 10.2%; As the Buddhist of Maharashtra 6.2% is also coming under SC but it is not in the 2001 Census, So that SC including Buddhist should have populations 16.4%, Even though state has shown cumulative populations of SC and Buddhist is 13% but same percentage is not applied for budget allocations.

As per regularly monitoring of allocations and expenditure of funds of SCSP budget of 2010-11. Initially allocations showing 3461 cror rupees according to populations of SC and Buddhists but latter it shows reducing. SCSP found that initially they reduced by 337 cror and finally up-to December 2010 only 103175.68 lacks means only 2% Social justice ministry received budget

In-fact in last three year budget of Social Justice ministry shows increase in allocation of budget but since last ten year (2001- up-to December 2010) only 78 official and staff increased. Hence due to around 1004 vacant position not able to implement schemes is one of the reasons.

Also RTI data shows that up to December 2010 state government not utilized a single rupees on economic development schemes like housing, stall for Gatai Cobbler work, vocational training, establishing ITI, residential schools, women empowerment schemes, agriculture and allied agricultural activities.

The schemes like Cottan Co-operatives of SC have allocated and expenditure shown huge but still gainful employment to SC youth is not seen. Even-though most of these co-operatives are given on the name of SC and Buddhists individuals name to dominant politician of ruling party and not single co-operatives given to political leaders belong to SC and Buddhist communities or movement leaders.

Expectations from Government

• Strict instructions to ensure that allocations to be as per the SCP and TSP guidelines issued by the planning Commission.• Consultations with Scheduled caste and Scheduled Tribes organisations and leaders during the planning and implementation levels of the budget cycle should be made mandatory.• State governments to constitute SCP and TSP Monitoring Committees wherein SC & ST educated youth are invited to be members of these committees to take active part in monitoring TSP and SCP planning and implementation at the State, Department / Ministry, district and block levels with necessary powers to intervene wherever necessary.•According to Jadhav Task force placing of 43 ministries/departments under no obligation category which needs to be relooked.

Cont..

Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MSJE) and Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MTA), with sufficient human resources, has to play an effective role in coordination and implementation of SCP & TSP. In particular, MSJE and MTA should ensure: separate earmarking and scheme- wise allocation by the Ministries in their respective Annual Plans; preparation of a Link Budget Book on TSP and SCP; performance analysis and granting of utilization certificates for further allocations.

Planning Commission, as a monitoring and review authority, should evolve a separate set of duties and functions to ensure transparency and accountability by executives responsible for the planning, formulation, implementing, monitoring and evaluation of SCP and TSP.

Each Ministry should have sufficient human and financial resources for effectively implementing SCP and TSP for ensuring inclusion in the growth sectors and new developments taking place.

State level budget diversion should permitted and un-spent amount should be used as a carry forward for SCSP/TSP schemes only.

Expectations from Civil Society

Civil society should pressurize government for making SCP & TSP into an Act which defines clear entitlements for Scheduled caste and Scheduled tribes and has necessary redressed mechanisms to ensure that all duty bearers implement TSP and SCP effectively.

Civil society should monitor at micro to macro level SCSP and TSP , sensitizing Scheduled caste and Scheduled tribe communities about effective implementations along with training youth for undertaking Economic Rights Monitoring, tracking and implementation.

Need to evolve more innovative direct benefiting economic development schemes and initiate advocacy for implementations in the modern era of economic reform.

Initiate state level campaign for making state accountable for effective implementation of economic safeguards in general and SCSP and TSP particularly through involving like-minded experts, academicians, mass organizations, influential retired Government officials and leaders along with political parties

“We must make our political democracy a social democracy as well. Political democracy cannot last unless there lies at the base of it social democracy. What does social democracy mean? It means a way of life which recognizes liberty, equality and fraternity as principles of life-.

We must begin by acknowledging the fact that there is complete absence of two things in the Indian society, one of these is equality. On the social plane, we have in India a society based on principles of great inequality, which means elevation of some and degradation of others. On the economic plane, we have a society in which there are some, who have immense wealth as against many, who live in abject poverty.

We must remove this contradiction at the earliest possible moment or else those who suffer from inequality will blow up the structure of political democracy, which this Assembly has so elaborately built up.”

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar

Jai Bhim….

SCSP- Perspective

Development of Scheduled Castes/ Neo Buddhists comprising economic, educational and social aspects and

fulfillment of minimum needs

Scheduled Castes Sub Plan

SCSP as an UMBRELLA under which schemes implemented by State and Central Governments are dovetailed by apportioning funds exclusively for Scheduled Castes for addressing their needs/ problems.

SCSP- Objectives

Main objectives

Family and individual oriented programmes aimed at economic development of the SCs Through income generating assets and skill Enable to earn sustained income and cross

the poverty line.

To offer direct benefits of the services provision of basic amenities drinking water,

health, housing, drainage, link roads etc. Developmental programmes like education,

vocational guidance etc.

Strategy of SCSP

To channelise the flow of outlays and benefits from

all the sectors of development in the Annual Plans of States/UTs and Central

Ministries at least in proportion to their population

both in physical and financial terms.

Source: Planning commission, NDF/ NCDHR

SCSP OutlaysSeventh Plan 1.08% (SCSP+ TSP)

Eighth Plan 3.36 %

Ninth Plan 10.63%

Tenth Plan (2002-04) 10.63%

2006-07 (RE) 4.83%

2007-08 6.11%

2010-11 7.25%

2011-12 8.98%

SCSP in MaharashtraSJD as nodal department for coordinating the SCP activities

Actual formulation of the SCSP Decides the outlay for different schemes. The line departments and the District collectors

are allocated the funds Monitoring and review of schemes under SCP is

directly conducted by the concerned Administrative Departments.

Helps Addressing actual needs Ensuring provision of adequate resources Checking any diversion and Avoiding duplication of administrative machinery.

SCSP in Maharashtra

Includes about 85 schemes under state and Districts

Agriculture and allied servicesRural DevelopmentElectricityIndustry and mineralsTransport and CommunicationSocial and community services,

include education, technical education, health, water supply, housing, urban development, welfare of BC, social welfare, labour and labour welfare and nutrition

Guidelines for implementation of SCSP in Maharashtra

Only the schemes where the benefit can be measured in respect of SCs are included in the SCSP.

The schemes where participation of SCs is nil, such as major and medium irrigation projects, EGS, General economic services…etc are not included in the SCSP.

Special care has been taken in implementation of SCSP so that the benefits of scheme should go exclusively to individual or groups of SCs and their bastis

Period

State Plan

Outlay (Cr)

SCSP Outlay

(CR) %

9th Plan 56138 2681 4.7802-03 11562 530.3 4.59

03-04 12050 610.6 5.07

04-05 19980 656 3.28

05-06 11014 1122 10.19

06-07 14829 1592 10.74

10th Plan 55886 3932 7.04

SCSP in Maharashtra- Outlay

SCSP in Maharashtra- Outlay

Period 11th Plan

State Plan

Outlay (Cr)

SCSP Outlay

(CR) %

2007-08 20200 2060 10.202008-09 25000 2333 9.332009-10 35958 2652 7.372010-11 37916 3867 10.20

Period

SCSP outlay (Cr)

Budgeted outlay (Cr)

As % of SCSP

As % of Plan

9th Plan 2681 2128 79.36 3.79

10th Plan 3932 3704 94.20 6.632007-08 2060 1907 92.57 9.442008-09 2333 2289 98.11 9.162009-10 2652 2565 96.72 7.13

SCSP in MaharashtraBudgeted Outlay

Period

Actual on SCSP (Cr)

as % of SCSP

as % of State Plan

9th Plan 2168 80.85 3.86

10th Plan 3567 90.72 6.38

07-08 1871 90.82 9.26

08-09 2213 94.86 8.85

09-10 2247 84.73 6.25

SCSP in Maharashtra Actual Expenditure

SCSP in Maharashtra

SCSP Maharashtra

Period

Backlog as part of 16% (cr)

Backlog as part of 10.20% (cr)

9th Plan 6814 3558

10th plan 5375 2133

2007-08 1361 189

2008-09 1787 337

2009-10 3506 1421

13 years 18843 7639

Issues of concern and future direction

Transparency- Data availability and validityUnder-utilisation and diversion of fundsViolation of guidelines Study of Physical targets and achievementsCollection of primary data and triangulation Need to study schemes/ corporationsNeed to study departmental budgetsOnly post-facto analysis?? Need for ongoing monitoring mechanismPoliticising- Advocacy with SJD and with FDAWARENESS???

Thank You and JAI BHIM

kamblemahesh@tiss.edumaheshtiss@gmail.comTel: 98219 11081Tel: 98219 11081

SCSP in Maharashtra

Flow to SCSP under 10th Plan (2002-07)

Highlights- SCSP in 2007-08

SCSP 2007-08

Total DPDC49%

SJD- State32%

Other Depts19%

Out of state outlay (658.80 Cr)

234.21 Cr (35.55%) to NSAP200 Cr (30.36%) Govt hostels and residential

schools 100 (15.18%) Cr on Ambedkar Bhavan61.50 Cr (9.45%) on Land distribution

Highlights SCSP in 2007-08

Highlights SCSP in 2007-08

Headwise breakup- SCSP in DPDC

12%

14%

4%

3%

3%

64%

Agriculture andAllied services

RuralDevelopment

PowerDevelopment

Industries andminerals

Transport andCommunication

Social andcommunityservices

Highlights SCSP in 2007-08

State Outlay of SCSP to other Depts1%0%0%0% 3%

3%

93%

Employment andSelf employment

WomenDevelopment

Education

Textile

Water supply

Housing

Irrigation

SJD in Maharashtra Source: Samarthan

CBS

YearYear Actual expenditure on Actual expenditure on Social Justice Dept (%)Social Justice Dept (%)

2002-032002-03 1.681.68

2003-042003-04 1.881.88

2004-052004-05 2.022.02

2005-062005-06 2.702.70

2006-072006-07 2.362.36

Total Annual PlanBudget- 41500 Cror

SCSP- 4233 CROR 10.2%TSP- 3693 CROR 8.9%

AS PER THE GUIDELINES OF PLANNING COMMISSION-

SCSP EXPECTING 16.4% AS SC-10.2% AND BUDDHIST 6.2%. CUMULATIVE POPULATIONS

13%

Need to appreciate

Group Housing scheme- 800 crorPre-matric scholarship for Minority and VJNTHostel- construction 135 cror.

Need to re-look

Allocations for hindu worshiping places but not for the demanding Ambedkarite movement for Chaityabhoomi and other Ambedkar Smarak

Evolving Economic development schemes Implementing SCSP planning commission

guidelinesIncreasing allocations as per populations.

Demands

SCSP- 16.4% allocatiosEffective implementationsUn-spend money- use as a pool and carry

forwardsAllocations for Chaityabhoomi and other

important spaces where Ambedkarite movement demanded.