PRE -FEASIBILITY REPORT · Minerals of mine Sand and Bajri Proposed Production 25,920 Tonnes Per...

SAND & BAJRI MINING PROJECT

APPLICANT: SH RAKESH KUMAR S/O SH PIARE LAL PRE- FEASIBILITY REPORT

PRE-FEASIBILITY

REPORT



1.0 Executive Summary

Shri Rakesh Kumar S/o Shri Piare Lal and Gurmel Devi, Ward no-7, Santokhgarh, Tehsil & District

Una, Punjab, have been issued a ‘Letter of Intent’ for mining lease for mining sand & Bajri for Open

sale for a period of ten years vide letter No. Udyog - Bhu (Khani-4) Laghu- 89/2017-2104 dated 30-

05-2018 for a period of one year. The leased block is part of river bed of Soan River, a tributary of

River Satluj.

.

1.1 Salient Features of the Project

Project Name Sand and Bajri Mining Project

Mining Lease Area 01-40-62 Hectares

Location of mine Mauza Santokhgarh, Tehsil & District – Una,

Himachal Pradesh

Coordinates Latitude : 310 21’ 05.7” N

Longitude : 76018’ 37.9” E

Toposheet number 53A/7

Minerals of mine Sand and Bajri

Proposed Production 25,920 Tonnes Per Annum (TPA) of Sand & Bajri

collection including silt/clay as it is inseparable.

Method of mining Manual Mining by using hand tools, shovels, Pans

etc.

No of working days 270 days

Water demand

Domestic Water : 0.5 KLD

Dust Suppression+ Plantation : 1.1 KLD

Total Water Requirement: 1.6 KLD

Man Power 25

Nearest railway station Railway Station – Raimehatpur Railway Station is

about 5.5 km in NNE direction.

Nearest state highway/national highway SH 25 About 4.5 km in NNE direction.

Nearest air port Airport – Shimla Airport is about 86 km in SE

direction.

2. Introduction of the Project/ Background Information

2.1 Identification of Project and Project Proponent

A ‘Letter of Intent’ for mining lease for mining sand, &Bajri for free sale for a period of ten years

vide letter No. Udyog-Bhu(Khani-4) Laghu- 89/2017-2104 dated 30-05-2018.

Letter of Intent copy attached.

The applicants intend to mine sand & Bajri. The sand & Bajri will be sold to construction industry

depending upon the market demand



The details of the project proponent and project are given below:

Name of the applicant Shri Rakesh kumar S/o Sh Piare lal

and Smt Gurmel Devi

Name & Address of applicant Ward no-7, Santokhgarh, tehsil &

District Una

Name of Mine Sand & Bajri Mining Project

Mineral Sand and Bajri

Area (ha) 1-40-62 Ha

Location Mauza Santokhgarh, Tehsil & District

– Una,

Himachal Pradesh

Status of Project New

2.2 Brief Description of Nature of the Project

Mining of Sand and Bajri will be carried out only up to a depth of 1 m (3 feet) depth, using hand tools

like shovel, pan etc only during the day time. The applicant intends to mine Sand and Bajri from the

lease area. The leased block is part of river bed of Soan River, a tributary of River Satluj. It lies at

about11 Km from Una via Ghaluwal. The extracted mineral sand and bajri will be sold to the market

along with waste as it is inseparable for an open sale. Hence no storage facility at the mine site will be

required. Mining will be confined to the allotted lease area lies in the bed of Soan River which is a

tributary of Satluj River. The mining lease area is 1-40-62 hectare Situated in Mauza Santokhgarh

Tehsil and District Una, H.P. No drilling & blasting is proposed. The proposed capacity of collection

of Sand and Bajri will be 25,920 TPA including sult/clay as it is inseparable from sand..

2.3 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country or Region

The projects involves collection of Sand and Bajri one of the most accessible natural resources and

are the major basic raw material used for the construction of roads, building and bridges. The

production of mineral is a function of the availability of natural resources, the economy of the area

and the various developmental and infrastructural works being undertaken in the area like road

construction, hydro electric projects etc. The mining will provide employment to the local people and

it will help in the upliftment of socio-economic conditions of the residents.

2.4 Demands-Supply Gap

Building huge infrastructure as being envisaged by Government of India particularly in road and

housing sector requires basic building raw materials. Thus the demand for Sand and Bajri is ever



growing with the growth of the infrastructure sector in our country. The requirement for the mineral

is always high in the nearby cities and towns. Therefore there is always a good demand of the mineral

in the domestic market.

2.5 Imports vs Indigenous Production

The demand in the domestic market is high for Sand and Bajri. Mineral is available in abundant

quantity in allotted area and can be extracted indigenously.

2.6 Export Possibility

There is no proposal to export the mineral as the minerals extracted cater the indigenous demand and

the development is a never ending process.

2.7 Domestic/Export Markets

Domestic Market

There is always an ever increasing demand of these minerals in the domestic market.

Export Market

The proposed mining activity is for indigenous consumption for real estate, road making etc.

Therefore no export will be envisaged.

2.8 Employment Generation (Direct and indirect) due to the project

The total manpower requirement for the proposed mining operation will be around 25 directly.

3.0 Project Description

Location

Mining will be confined to the allotted lease area lies in the bed of Soan River which is a tributary of

Satluj River. The mining lease area is 1-40-62 hectare Situated in Mauza Santokhgarh, Tehsil and

District Una, H.P. The lease area is about 400m away from the nearest metalled road.



The coordinates of the mine lease area are:

Latitude Longitude

310 21’ 05.7” N 76018’ 37.9” E

Buffer map of 5 km radius is attached.

Details of Alternate Sites

Mineral is site specific as well as the lease has been allotted in the particular area. Hence no

alternative site is examined for mining.

Size or Magnitude of Operation

The area of the proposed mine is 1-40-62 ha and the proposed capacity of Sand and Bajri will be

25,920 TPA. The Applicant intends to mine Sand and Bajri from the allotted lease area. The extracted

mineral sand and bajri will be sold to the market along with waste as it is inseparable for an open

sale. Hence no storage facility at the mine site will be required.

3.5 Project description with process details

Method of Mining

1. The mining/ collection of minerals shall involve shoveling by simple manual method using hand

tool, extracted mineral will be directly loaded by workers into truck/tractors- trailers for

transporting them to market.

2. No blasting is required.

3. With the replenishment of the excavated area during the high floods, the process of the controlled

mining can continue year after year. The erosion and weathering of siwalik boulders beds in the

catchment have inexhaustible supply of required minerals.

4. Though the mining activities will be under taken during the dry seasons.

5. No rotational mining will be carried out, whole area will be excavated upto 1m bgl or above,

whichever comes first.

6. Thus effective mining will be only for 270 days in a year.

7. Mining activity will be done in day time only.



3.6 Raw Material Required Along With Estimated Quantity, Likely Source, Marketing Area of

Final Product/s, Mode of Transport of Raw Material and Finished Product.

No raw material will be required in the proposed project. The operation involves the extraction of

Sand and Bajri in its existing form. The basic requirement of the lessee will bajri & sand for free sale

in the market. Hence, the applicants intend to mine sand and bajri by hand shoveling into tractor

trolleys which will be transported to the construction site for sale.

3.7 Resource Optimization/ Recycling and Reuse

Minerals are generally depleting asset, mined once but minerals like sand and bajri will be

replenished naturally. As already explained the mining will be carried out in the river bed only. The

area where mining shall be carried out would be replenished during the monsoon season due to fresh

deposition Thus a scientific approach will be taken up for extraction of mineral with systematic

method.

3.8 Availability of Water, Its Source, Energy/ Power Requirement and Source

3.8.1 Water Requirement

Activity Water Requirement

(KLD)

Dust suppression 0.5

Domestic purpose 0.3

Plantation 0.8

Total 1.6

Water Requirement for drinking purpose and for dust suppression will be fulfilled from private

borewell of Sh Shyam Lal R/o of vatrakhurd, Tehsil & District Una (H.P) (Affidavit attached with the

report). Water will be transported through tanker to the mine site.

3.8.2 Power

All the activities will be carried out manually with the use of hand tools for the extraction/collection

of minerals. The material will be extracted and loaded directly into tractor trolleys by the workers

themselves. The operation will be done in day time only, so there is no power requirement for the

mining activity.



3.9 Quantity of Wastes to Be Generated (Liquid and Solid) and Scheme for Their Management/

Disposal

No liquid effluent will be generated during this process; Generated mineral will be sold to the local

market along with waste as it is inseparable for open sale.

4. Site Analysis

4.1 Connectivity

4.1.1 Nearest Railway Station

Railway Station – Raimehatpur Railway Station is about 5.5 km in NNE direction.

4.1.2 Nearest Airport

Airport – Shimla Airport is about 86 km in SE direction.

4.1.3 Nearest Highway

SH-25 About 4.5 km in NNE direction.

4.2 Landform, Landuse and Land Ownership

As per revenue record, the area is a private land.

Khasra

Number

Area

Hectare

Status Owner of

Land

Kism Mauza Mohal

77/1 1-40-62

Kabja

Swayam

Private

GairMumkin

Soan Darya

Santokhgarh Santokhgarh

Total 1.4062 Hectares



4.3 Geology

Regional Geology

The Shiwalik Group mainly represents the rocks of the district. In addition to this at few places the

Newer Alluvium of Quarternary age are also present.

Siwalik Group

The Siwalik deposits are one of the most comprehensively studied fluvial sequences in the world.

They comprise muds, sands, and coarsely bedded conglomerates laid down when the region was a

vast basin during Middle Miocene, to Upper Pleistocene times. The sediments were deposited by

rivers flowing southwards from the Greater Himalayas, resulting in extensive multi-ordered drainage

systems. Following this deposition, the sediments were uplifted through intense tectonic regimes

(commencing in Upper Miocene times), subsequently resulting in a unique topographical entity-the

Siwalik Hills.

The Siwaliks are divided stratigraphically into three major Subgroups-Lower, Middle, and Upper.

These Subgroups are further divided into individual Formations that are all laterally and vertically

exposed today in varying linear and random patterns.

Ongoing erosion and tectonic activity has greatly affected the topography of the Siwaliks. Their

present-day morphology is comprised of hogback ridges, consequent, subsequent, obsequent, and

resquent valleys of various orders, gullies, choes (seasonal streams), earth-pillars, rilled earth

buttresses of conglomerate formations, semi-circular choe-divides, talus cones, colluvial cones,

water-gaps, and choe terraces. Associated badlands features include the lack of vegetation, steep

slopes, high drainage density, and rapid erosion rates.

In the advent of Neogene a depression was formed in front of the rising mountains (Proto- Himalaya).

This depression becomes a repository of a thick sequence of molassic sediments of the Siwalik.The

Siwalik Group comprising conglomerates friable micaceous sand, silt and clay.

The conglomerates in general are poorly cemented but at places they are very hard. These consist

mainly of pebbles and cobbles of quartzite. The stray bebbles of granite, lime, sand, braccia and

lumps of clay are also observed at places. Often the size of pebbles is large enough to be called as

Boulders. The conglomerates not only occur as regular band but also as lenticular bands alternative



with micaceous sand and claybeds. The sediments were bought down 2 to 25 million years ago by the

numerous fast flowing rivers issuing forth from rapidly Rising Mountain mass of the Himalaya, in the

north.

The Siwalik Group is divisible into three sub-groups respectively the Lower, Middle and Upper based

on the lithostratigraphy.

The general lithostratigraphy of the area is as given below:

Group Lithology Age

Newer Alluvium

Channel Alluvium

Grey, fine to coarse micaceous sand and silts along

with cobbles and pebbles of the fan and terrace

alluvium.

Qu

arter

nary

Terrace Alluvium Grey, micaceous, fine to coarse grained sand, silt, clays

and cobble and pebbles.

Fan Alluvium Brownish grey clay, sand and gravel, white to grey

coloured cobble and bebble sequence.

Older Alluvium Dun Gravels

Multicyclic sequence of brown to grey silt, clay with

kankar and reddish brown to grey micaceous sand with

pebbles & cobbles.

Siwalik Group

Upper Siwalik B

Predominantly massive conglomerate with red and

orange clay as matrix and minor sand and earthy buff

and brown clay.

Neog

en

e

A Sand, clay and conglomerate alternation.

Middle Siwalik

B Massive Sand with minor conglomerate and local

variegated clay.

A

Predominantly medium to coarse- grained sand and red

day alternation, soft pebbly with subordinate clay,

locally thick prism of conglomerate.

Lower Siwalik

B

Alternation of fine to medium- grained sporadically

pebbly sand, calcareous cement and prominent

chocolate and medium maroon clay in the middle part.

A Red and mauve clay with thin intercalations of medium

to fine grained sand.

Geology of the lease area

The leased out area forms a part of the stream bed. The stream bed is covered with sand of brought

down during the floods in the stream. The area comprises predominantly the sand only. The lease



area was agricultural fields before 2009 floods when it was inundated with flood water and receding

floods left the entire area with thick sheet of sand.

4.4 Existing Land Use Pattern and Shortest Distances from Forests, Water Bodies, Eco-

Sensitive Areas, Etc.

The mining lease area is situated in the river course of Soan River. The stream course is occupied

with river borne deposits which comprises of Boulders Cobbles, Pebbles, Sands and Silt/clay deposits

forming channel deposits of annual deposition. The deposits above high Flood Level are designated

as terrace deposits which comprises of Boulders, Cobbles, Pebbles, Sand, Silt and clay. The upper

surface in terrace area is covered with sandy soil where agriculture fields are developed. No hard rock

is available in leased out area. The land, in which the mining lease lies, is at present as per revenue

record, the area is a private land classified as Gair Mumkin Darya

There is no forest land or agriculture land in the mine lease area. There is no eco-sensitive area within

15 km radius of mine lease area.

Joint Inspection Report for the site attached.

4.5 Existing Infrastructure

The site has no existing infrastructure, except for connecting road for transportation.

4.6 Geomorphology & Soils

(Central Ground Water Board, Una, Ministry of Water Resources, District Book 2007)

Una district nestles between Siwalik ranges and forms part of the lesser Himalaya. It has a diverse

landscape made of the hills, valleys with piedmont zone, terraces. The elevations of the land surface

in the district vary from 340 m in south-eastern part to 1041 m above sea level (ASL) in eastern part

of the district. There are three hill ranges i.e. Chamukha Dhar with maximum elevation of 1041m

amsl which borders with district Hamirpur, Dhionsar Dhar with maximum elevation of 950m amsl

and Ramgarh Dhar with maximum elevation of 997m amsl. In the southwest border with Punjab,

Siwalik hill ranges forms hilly upland or plateau area with elevation up to 666 m above mean sea

level. The vast area between the northwesterly & southeasterly hill ranges, on both sides of river Soan

is the UNA valley. The undulating to plain fertile Una valley has an area of about 455 sq km and it

extends from Daulatpur in the Northwest to Santokhgarh in the southeast.

Soan or Swan River, a tributary of river Satluj, drains the major part (80%) of the Una district. Soan

is an intermittent river and maintains base flow in the lower reaches. Soan River has about 80%



catchments area in Una district and divides the district into two parts. Soan River flows in a

southeastern direction and has a wide channel and exhibits braided nature. It originates near

Daulatpur in the northeastern part and leaves the district near Santokhgarh and subsequently joins

river Satluj. Number of local streams (about 73 khads) joins the river within the district. During

monsoon Soan river gets flooded due to shallow bank heights & large area on both sides get affected.

GoHP has initiated riverbank protection cum flood controls measures and the work is in progress.

In the Bangana area, another stream (Khad), flowing parallel to Soan River, is Lunkhar khad, which

debouches in the Govind Sagar Lake. Also, in the extreme north-western part of the district small

area forms the catchments of a tributary of Beas river basin.

Two types of soils are observed in Una district viz., alluvial soil and non-calcic brown soil. Most of

the area in district is covered with alluvial soil and only about 25% of the area i.e. hilly area in the

district is covered with Non-calcic brown soil. Soils are rich in nutrients and thus are fertile.

4.7 Climatic Data from Secondary Sources

Climate of Una district is tropical to temperate in nature as the terrain varies from plains to high hills.

Temperature varies from minimum of 4°C in winter to the maximum of 46°C in summer. The area

receives rainfall during monsoon period extending from June to September and also non-monsoon

period (winter). The annual average rainfall in the area is about 1040 mm with about 55 average rainy

days. The winter season starts from the November and continues till the middle of March. Thereafter

the mercury continues rising till the set of Monsoon which starts from the last week of June and

continues till the middle of September. (Source: CGWB, Una, Ministry of Water Resources, District

Book 2007)

4.8 Social Infrastructure Available

Road Connectivity

The site is approachable from Una-santokhgarh Road at distance of

about 16kms. The lease area lies in Soan River and the nearest road link

is about 1 km from lease area through an unmetalled road about 400m.

Nearest Railway Station Raimahatpur Railway Station is about 5.5 km in NNE direction.

Nearest Airport Shimla Airport is about 86 km in SE direction



5 Planning Brief

5.1 Planning Concept

Mining will be done as per the guidelines of Himachal Pradesh Minor Mineral (Concession) revised

rules (1971).

5.2 Population Projection

The project will employ most of the workers from nearby villages except for supervisory staff. Thus

there will no increase in population due to the project. However, few people from other area may

migrate in this area for business opportunities.

5.3 Land Use Planning (Break Up Along With Green Belt, Etc.)

Within the lease area, open cast manual method of mining will be done. Extraction of mineral will not

be carried more than one meter and follow the general/ normal channel direction of the River.

5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical & Social)

Infrastructure like evacuation road, site services will only be required.

5.5 Amenities/Facilities

The following facilities/amenities will be extended by the mine management:

Employment opportunity most of which will be from nearby villages.

Arrangements for safe and healthy working conditions

Provision of Drinking water.

First-Aid facilities and Health check-up camps for the workers.

6. Proposed Infrastructure

6.1 Industrial Area (Processing Area)

No industrial area is proposed.

6.2 Residential Area (Non Processing Area)

As the local people will be given employment, no residential area/ housing are proposed.



6.3 Green Belt

As the entire mining lease area falls within river course and gets flooded during monsoons, therefore

plantation is not possible within area. Hence, plantation will be carried out along the road sides and it

is also proposed to plant around 50 trees at the play Ground of primary School, Santokhgarh, Tehsila

and District Una (H.P).

Following species will be used for plantation purpose as recommended by the DFO, Una

Drek (Melia azedarach)

Popular (Populus spp.)

Safeda (Eucalyptus spp)

Siris (Albizia lebbeck)

Sahtoot (Morus alba)

DFO letter attached with the report

6.4 Social infrastructure

Road facility (existing roads will be maintained regularly)

Employment opportunity

Medical camps

Social awareness camps

Donations to schools

Donation to Local Panchayat Ghar

6.5 Connectivity

The site is approachable from Una-santokhgarh Road at distance of about 16kms. The lease area lies

in Soan River and the nearest road link is about 1 km from lease area through an unmetalled road

about 400m.

6.6 Drinking Water Management

Water Requirement for drinking purpose and for dust suppression will be fulfilled from private

borewell of Sh Shyam Lal R/o of vatrakhurd, Tehsil & District Una (H.P) (Affidavit attached with the

report). Water will be transported through tanker to the mine site.

6.7 Sewerage System

No sewerage system is proposed. However for sanitation purpose portable toilets will be made.



6.8 Industrial Waste Management

Not applicable

6.9 Solid Waste management

No as such waste will be generated during mining, silt/clay will be generated shall be sold to the

market along with sand as it is inseparable.

6.10 Power Requirement & Supply/Source.

All the activities will be carried out manually with the use of hand tools. The operation will be done

in day time only hence there is no power requirement for the proposed activity.

7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) Plan

Not Applicable

8. Project Schedule & Cost Estimates

8.1 Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion.

The project will commence once Environmental Clearance and other necessary certificates are

obtained from the respective departments.

8.2 Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project.

Budget for Social Corporate Responsibility

Item Capital (In

Lac.)

Recurring

Cost / year

(Rs.)

For welfare of society will give donation to Rat kaur,

Society association for welfare of society.

0.50 -

Total cost 0.50 -

Total cost in five years Rs. 0.50 Lac (Within 6 months after getting

Environmental Clearance)



The cost of project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP

S. No Description Measures Capital Cost

(Lac Rs.)

Recurring Cost

(In Lac Rs.)

Time Frame Date of Start

1 Air pollution control Sprinkling of Water on Haulage Road to control Dust.

0.3 Twice a time in a day

w.e.f date of consent to operate

from H.P pollution Control Board

2 Plantation

Plantation will be developed along the road

side and at play ground of primary school, Santokhgarh

0.2 0.10 50 plants will be planted

w.e.f monsoon season after getting

Environmental Clearance

3 Occupational Health measures and other miscs activities for Employees) Shelter, Health Facilities, Safe drinking water,

will be provided to labour. a) That initial medical examination of all mine workers must be done prior to deployment at the mine. b) That routine health check up every mine worker on monthly basis and every

worker must be provided adequate medical/ health aid as and when required. c) That every person deployed by the proponent in a mine must be provided safety gadgets such as face mask, respiratory mask, safety boot & helmets etc to avoid mine

dust exposure and related health complication associated with mine dust as well as to avoid any injuries during mining work. d) That basic amenities such as First Aid Kit , drinking Water , toilets etc must be

ensured at the mine site.

0.10 0.25 Two times in a year report will be submcitted to regiolnal Office

MoEF&CC & H.P SEIAA

w.e.f date of start of mining

4 Environment Monitoring and Management

0.50 Two times in a year report will be submitted to regional Office MoEF&CC & H.P SEIAA

w.e.f date of consent to operate from H.P pollution

control Board

Total 0.3 1.15

Total budget for EMP for 5 years = Capital Cost (Rs. 0.3 Lacs) + Recurring Cost (1.15Lacs * 5) = 6.05 lacs.



9.0 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS)

The Project will bring economical benefits to the state through royalty for minerals. Achieving a huge

infrastructure as being envisaged by Government of India particularly in road and housing sector

requires basic building materials. Sand and Bajri are the primary building material required for the

construction purpose. The mining activities as proposed are the backbone of all construction and

infrastructure projects as the raw material for construction is available only from such mining. Sand

and Bajri extracted are in high demand at the local market for real estate industry.

This project operation will provide livelihood to the poorest section of the society/economically

backward population and tribals in the area. It provides employment to the people residing in vicinity

directly or indirectly. The mine management will also help nearby villages by providing schools,

conducting medical and social awareness camps, helping in formation of self help groups, etc. Thus

the project will defiantly helpful for the socio-economic improvement of the area and will prove

beneficial to the area.

******************

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