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(Signed only after marks awarded)
BOCHASANWASI SHRI AKSHAR PURUSHOTTAM SWAMINARAYAN SANSTHA
SATSANG EXAMINATIONS
PRE-TEST: SATSANG PRAVIN 1
JANUARY 2014 Time: 9.00 am to 12.00 pm Total Marks: 100
1 (6)
2 (5)
3 (4)
4 (4)
5 (8)
6 (8)
7 (7)
8 (5)
Que.No.
(Marks)
Marks
Obtained
9 (9)
10 (8)
11 (8)
12 (5)
13 (8)
Que.No.
(Marks)
Marks
Obtained
‹˘ÕflıÂfi ω¤Î√ ‹ÎÀı …
√HÎ ÂOÿ˘‹Î_
«ı¿fl - fi΋
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Section-2, Total Marks (38)
Paper Checker's Signature
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Section-3, Total Marks
14 (15)
QuestionNo.
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Marks
Obtained
Section-1, Total Marks (47)
ForModeration
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ForModeration
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ForModeration
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A few of the questions in this Pre-Test Paper will be asked in the Final Examinationto be held on Sunday, 2 March 2014. Use the latest editions of the exam books.
Please do not damage in any way the 'bar code'printed above.
☞For absent examinees, please return this sheet only.
Compulsory: To be filled by Examinee only
Birthdate of Examinee
Education of Examinee ...........................................................
Class Supervisor should only sign after checking the printedpersonal details and the compulsory written details above.
Signature of Class Supervisor .............................................
D D Y Y Y Y M M
Answer books without the signature of the ClassSupervisor will not be considered valid.
☞ ☞
☞ Please carefully read the following instructions:1. On the day of the Final Satsang Examinations, all examinees
should obtain the signature of the class supervisor on the answersheet bearing their own personal details only.
2. Figures given on the right hand side indicate the marks for thatquestion.
3. Follow the instructions while answering. Answers crossed outwill not be considered valid. Answers will not be considered validif it is not written in neat and clean hand writing.
4. In Main Exam answers written on extra pages will not beconsidered valid.
5. Write your answers with either a blue or black pen. Answerswritten in pencil, or with a red, green or any other colouredpen will not be considered valid. Answers written in morethan one coloured ink will not be considered valid.
6. Without the prior permission of the Pariksha Karyalay inAhmedabad, answer papers written by substitute writers in placeof the original candidate will not be accepted. Answer papers withmore than one type of handwriting will not be accepted.
7. Examinations taken at unauthorized locations or in which theexam rules have been violated will not be considered valid.
8. Candidates will not be allowed to keep any electronic items, suchas, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc. in the examination room.
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SECTION 1: AKSHAR PURUSHOTTAM UPASANA - 3rd Edition, May 2012
Q.1. For any TWO of the following, give THREE references from the scriptures.(It is compulsory to write the reference scripture and number.) (6)1. The Pragat form of God after Shriji Maharaj’s return to Akshardham
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2. Origin of the understanding of God as nirakar.
3. Aksharbrahman: One and Unique
4. Becoming Aksharrup and offering Upasana to Purushottam with Swami-Sevak-Bhav.
Q.2. Given below are references from the scriptures, principles or stanzas. Write the topicthey relate to. (5)
Example: “One who believes God as formless and abstract becomes the worst sinner, even worse thanone who has committed the five grave sins.”
Ans: Disadvantages of understanding God as nirakar.
1. “I myself edited this particular Vachanamrut and was instrumental in its selection, but onlytoday have I grasped its true meaning.”
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2. “Mul mayana bandhan kapava avya, Dhamdhamna vasi adi bolavya raj.”
3. “More man Prabhu as bisvasa, Rama te adhik Rama kar dasa.”
4. “By pleasing Swami, rest assured, that you are pleasing Maharaj.”
5. “However, speaking before you today in this assembly is Mul Akshar - as mentioned inthe shastras.”
Q.3. From the given options, place a tick (✔✔✔✔✔) in the box next to the correct ones. (4)
Note: One or more options may be correct. Full marks will be awarded only if all thecorrect options are chosen, otherwise no marks will be awarded.
1. The Forms of Aksharbrahman:
(1) As Sachchidanand Chidakash Sakar Radiance.
(2) As the Divine Abode.
(3) Divine human shape serving Purushottam Narayan in Akshardham.
(4) As the Param Ekantik Satpurush.
2. Characteristics of the Gunatit Sadhu:
(1) ‘Nari nayan shar jahi na laga.’
(2) ‘Sarva avatar ema samay, pote koi ma lin na thay.’
(3) Even though that Sant appears to be human, he is still worthy of being worshipped
on par with a dev.
(4) Pushpa-haraya sarpaya.
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- 3 -Q.4. Describe any ONE of the following and highlight its significance. (4)
1. Raghuvirji Maharaj’s all entanglements were dissolved.2. All the jivas were freed from the torments of hell.3. Yagnapurushdas heard the talk while hiding under the cot.
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Q.5. Write briefly on any TWO of the following. (In 12 lines each.) (8)
1. Above all but respect for all.2. Pragat Bhakti: The path way to peace.3. The Gunatit Sadhu: The Pragat form of God yet a loyal servant.4. Liking for Sakar
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Significance:
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- 4 -Q.6. Explain any TWO of the following, giving reasons. (In 12 lines each.) (8)
1. If one continues to perceive human traits in God, then final moksha is not attained.2. Shriji Maharaj fully and forever pragat through the Sadhu.3. Shriji Maharaj - the all-doer.4. Shriji Maharaj was extremely pleased to hear the words of unflinching faith from the paramhansas.
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Q.7. Upasana: What to understand? What not to understand? Complete the followingstatements. (7)
What to understand in upasana?
1. While remaining present in his divine .............................................................................................
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.............................................................................................. their ability to will, to know and to do.2. Aksharbrahman is separate from ....... free of all faults.3. In the form of the guru as ....... experience of the highest bliss.4. Jiva is eternal chaitanya entity ....... by maya since eternity.
What not to understand in upasana?5. Paramhansas other ........ called Mul Aksharbrahman.6. Moksha can be achieved ....... their importance.7. Without the contact of ........ by one’s own efforts.
Q.8. Write a short notes on: ‘Narrate Cosmic Evolution’ (5)
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Section 2: Satsang Reader Part 3, 4th Edition, April 2009 &Portrait of Inspiration - Pramukh Swami Maharaj, 2nd Edition, February 2007
Q.9. In the sentences below, state who is speaking to whom and when. (9)
1. “I reached the outskirts of Morbi. There, I asked a woman who was fetching waterdirections for the road to Ujjain.” OR
2. “I am surely liberated.”
( ) Who is speaking? ................................................ To whom? .........................................................
When? ...............................................................................................................................................
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...........................................................................................................................................................3. “Who is chewing a bone?” OR4 “Acharya, do it gently.”5. “He will make all the arrangements for you.” OR6. “Such distinctions do exist in people because of their karmas.”
Q.10. Give reasons for the following. (In 9 lines each.) (8)
1. People began to scold pujari. OR2. Parvatbhai collected the entire stock of grains to Loj.
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...........................................................................................................................................................3. Swamishri often prays in the night. OR4. The attendant sadhu apologised.
Q.11. Answer the following concisely. (12 lines each.) (8)
1. Forgiving nature of Raghuvirji Maharaj. OR
2. He is as bold as his father.
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3. No complaints. OR
4. Auspicious life-transforming moment for a thief.
Q.12. Answer ALL of the following, using one sentence (not just one word) for each answer. (5)1. Where is Nishkulanand Swami’s master piece of craftsmanship?
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2. Where, in the presence of Shriji Maharaj, did Muktanand Swami win the debate?
3. What vow had Parvatbhai taken? Since how long?
4. What did Swamishri ask Sadhujivan Swami?
5. Which words echoed in the hearts of lower caste youths?
Q.13. From the given options, place a tick (✔) in the box next to the correct ones. (8)
Note: One or more options may be correct. Full marks will be awarded only if all the correctoptions are chosen, otherwise no marks will be awarded.
1. Gopalanand Swami's final illness.
(1) Bapu Raiji and Premanand Swami's request.
(2) I look towards either Maharaj or Gunatitanand Swami.
(3) Fasted for 21 days.
(4) Swami developed a painful abscess near his ear.
2. The celebration of Vasant Panchmi in Dharampur.
(1) “Those who are sprinkled with even a drop of this colour will be emancipated.”
(2) Two hundred Bhils came for darshan.
(3) The Bhils sprinkled colour on Maharaj.
(4) Vijaydev performed puja of Maharaj.
3. Swamishri's birth and renunciation.
(1) Left home at the age of 17. (2) Received parshad diksha in Gondal.
(3) Birth - Samvat 1978. (4) Father and mother's name: Motibhai and Diwaliba.
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4. Caring for the sick.
(1) Prashant (2) Jomo Kenyatta
(3) Ratansinh (4) Desai kaka
SECTION 3: ESSAY
Q.14 Write an essay on any ONE. (In approx 60 lines.) (15)1. Supreme Bhagwan Swaminarayan: Samadhi Without Yoga.
(Swaminarayan Prakash (Gujarati), April-2013, pp. 14 to 17).
2. Growth of B.A.P.S. Youth Activities.(Swaminarayan Prakash (Gujarati), February-March-2013, pp. 7 to 19)
3. Become Ekantik, Through Association with the Param Ekantik.(Swaminarayan Prakash (Gujarati), August-2013, pp. 4 to 7)
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✼ ✼ ✼✼ ✼ ✼✼ ✼ ✼✼ ✼ ✼✼ ✼ ✼
Above three essays (√…flÎ÷Ì ¤ÎÊ΋Î_) are shown in the following pages☞
Important Note: Past Papers and their solutions can be downloaded and printed free from theB.A.P.S. Swaminarayan Sanstha's website - link :http://www.swaminarayan.org/satsangexams/pastpapers/index.htm
☞
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Satsang exam essay preparation for English language examinees:
An essay for Satsang exam is a piece of writingon one subject which is often written from writer's personal point of view. Decent essay should be: Skillfully written and well-researched Full of convincing facts based on Sat-Shastra (recognized scripture) Ideal in structure and style Flawless and there will be no grammar, stylistic, lexical or spelling mistakes Written in complete accordance with your requirements
Satsang Exam essays are centered on general Satsang knowledge acquire from
examinee’s daily Satsang readings and listening Katha-Varta (spiritual discourses).
Usually, Satsang exam essays in pre-test and final exam are picking from last three to four years of Swaminarayan Prakash.
This essay’s material is just indicating directions. It is not necessary to cram and write this exact matter, but examinee should write thoughtfully and may write better than this.
At least one essay from the list of three will be asked in the Final exam of March 2014.
Since these essays are picked from Swaminarayan Prakash, original matter is in Gujarati. It is challenging to translate in English; however it is our attempt to help examinees by providing alterative way by researching matching essay topics. It is not perfect translation but it might give you overview and directions.
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±Î√Î‹Ì ‰Êı̋ 2 ‹Î«˝, 2014fiÎ fl˘… ·ı‰ÎfiÎfl ‹A› ’flÌZÎÎfiÌ ’Ò‰˝÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ‹ÎÀı ‹¿Î÷Î ’˛Ì-ÀıVÀfiÎ Á_’ÒHν’˛ffi’h΢ Ëo‹ı ‹…⁄ ΩL›±ÎflÌ‹Î_ (1st January, 2014fiÎ fl˘…) ‹¿ÎÂı. Ïfi⁄_‘ ±ı Á΋ÎL› iÎÎfi
ÁÏË÷ ‹@÷ ωʛ ˢ› »ı, …ı ±P›ÎÁø‹fiÎ ’V÷¿˘‹Î_◊Ì ’Ò»Î÷Î fi◊Ì. ±Î◊Ì ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±˘ Ïfi⁄_‘fiÌ ÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ÁÎflÌ
flÌ÷ı ¿flÌ Â¿ı ÷ı Ëı÷Áfl ±Î’HÎı ‰Ëı·ÎÁfl Œ@÷ ÷ı ›ÎÿÌ ±Î’fiÌ Á‹ZÎ ‹Ò¿Ì »ı.
’̨Ì-ÀıVÀfiÎ Ïfi⁄_‘˘fiÌ ›ÎÿÌ - List of Pre-test Essays
’˛‰ÌHÎ - 1 (Pravin-1)1. Á‰Î˝‰÷ÎflÌ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ — ›˘√ ωfiÎ Á‹ÎÏ‘ (V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ’˛¿Î - ±ıÏ’˛· - 2013, ’Î.fi_. 14 ◊Ì 17)1. Supreme Bhagwan Swaminarayan: Samadhi Without Yoga.
2. ⁄Ì. ±ı. ’Ì. ±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤„kÎfi˘ μΩÁ (V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ’˛¿Î - Œı⁄̨±ÎflÌ-‹Î«˝ - 2013, ’Î.fi_. 7 ◊Ì 19)2. Growth of BAPS Youth Activities.
3. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊¥±ı, ’fl‹ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿fiı Á_√ (V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ’˛¿Î - ±˘√VÀ - 2013, ’Î.fi_. 4 ◊Ì 7)3. Become Ekantik, Through Association with the Param Ekantik.
’flÌZÎÎ◊a lÌ,
ÁVfiıË …› lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ
ÁIÁ_√ ÏÂZÎHÎ ’flÌZÎÎ ‹Î«˝ 2014fiÎ Ïfi⁄_‘˘fiÌ ’Ò‰˝ ÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ‹ÎÀı fiÌ«ı …HÎΉı· ‹Î√˝ÿ½fi ±fiı ÁÒ«fi˘
K›Îfi‹Î_ ·ı‰Î ωfi_÷Ì.
1. Ïfi⁄_‘ ±ıÀ·ı ¿˘¥ ÏfiÏç÷ ωʛ μ’fl T›‰„V◊÷, Ï«_÷fi’Ò‰˝¿ ±fiı ‹tÎÁflfi_ ·¬ÎHÎ. ÁIÁ_√ ÏÂZÎHÎ ’flÌZÎ΋Î_
’Ò»Î÷Î Ïfi⁄_‘˘ Á΋ÎL› iÎÎfifiÎ ±Î‘Îflı, ’flÌZÎÎ◊afiÎ ÿˆÏfi¿ ∞‰fi‹Î_ ÁIÁ_√fiÎ Áÿ˚‰Î_«fi ±fiı ¿◊Î l‰HÎ ±fiı
‹fifi ¶ÎflÎ ’˛ÎM÷ ◊›ı· iÎÎfifiÌ ¿Á˘ÀÌ ¿fl÷Î 35 ◊Ì 40 ·ÌÀÌ‹Î_ ·¬‰ÎfiΠˢ› »ı.
2. ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±˘fiÌ ‹Î√HÎÌfiı ‹Îfi ±Î’Ìfiı ±Î ‰Êı̋ ’˛Ì-ÀıVÀ‹Î_ ’Ò»ÎfiÎfl Ïfi_⁄‘˘fiΠωʛ˘ » ‹ÎÁ ±√Îμ◊Ì
’flÌZÎÎ◊afiÎ ±ı¿ÎμLÀ‹Î_ ±’·˘Õ ¿fl‰Î‹Î_ ±ÎT›Î »ı.
3. ’˛Ì-ÀıVÀ‹Î_ …ı ÷ı ’flÌZÎ΋Î_ ’Ò»ÎfiÎfl Ïfi⁄_‘˘fiÎ hÎHÎı hÎHΠωʛ˘ ±Î’‰Î‹Î_ ±ÎT›Î »ı. ‹Î«˝ 2014fiÌ ŒÎ¥fi·
’flÌZÎ΋Î_ ±Î hÎHΠωʛ˘‹Î_◊Ì ¿˘¥’HÎ ±ı¿ Ïfi⁄_‘ «˘yÁ’HÎı ’Ò»ÎÂı …. ‹ÎÀı Ωı ±Î’ ±Î hÎHÎı hÎHΠωʛ˘
÷ˆ›Îfl ¿fl¢ ÷˘ ±Î’ «˘yÁ’HÎı ±ı¿ Ïfi⁄_‘ ‹A› ’flÌZÎ΋Î_ ¬Ò⁄ … ÁÎflÌ flÌ÷ı ·¬Ì Â¿Â˘.
4. ±Î Ïfi⁄_‘˘fi_ Á΋ÎL› ⁄_‘ÎflHÎ, ·¬ÎHÎ(‹ıÀfl) ‹˘ÀΤÎ√ı hÎHÎ - «Îfl ‰Ê˝ ÿflQ›ÎfifiÎ Á‹›√΂΋Î_ ’˛¿ÎÏÂ÷ ◊›ı·
“V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ’˛¿Î”‹Î_◊Ì ·ı‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı.
5. ±ËŸ ±Î’ı·Î Ïfi⁄_‘˘fi_ ·¬ÎHÎ ¿ı‰‚ ÏÿÂÎ ÁÒ«¿ »ı. ±Î … ·¬ÎHÎ √˘¬Ìfiı ’flÌZÎ΋Î_ ·¬‰ÎfiÌ …wfl fi◊Ì. ±Î◊Ì
ωÂıÊ ÁÎflÎ ‹tα˘fi_ Ï«_÷fi-‹fifi ¿flÌ ±Î’fiÌ flÌ÷ı ’Ò‰˝ ÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ¿flÌfiı ·¬Ì ¿˘ »˘.
6. √…flÎ÷Ì ‹ÎK›‹ (¤ÎÊÎ) ÏÁ‰Î›fiÎ ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±˘ ‹ÎÀı — ±Î Ïfi⁄_‘˘fi_ ‹Ò‚ ’˛¿ÎÂfi √…flÎ÷Ì ¤ÎÊ΋Î_ … ˢ‰Î◊Ì
÷ıfi_ ÂOÿ— ¤ÎÊÎ_÷fl fi ¿fl÷Î_, ÷ıfi˘ ¤Î‰Î◊˝ Á‹∞fiı ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±ı ’˘÷ÎfiÌ flÌ÷ı Á‹∞fiı ÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ¿fl‰ÎfiÌ flËıÂı.
’flÌZÎÎ ¿Î›Î˝·› ±_√˛ı∞ ¿ı ÏËLÿÌ ¤ÎÊ΋Î_ ±Î Ïfi⁄_‘˘fi_ ¤ÎÊÎ_÷fl ±Î’Ì fiÏË Â¿ı. ÷ı◊Ì ¤ÎÊÎ_÷fl ¿fl‰Î ±_√ıfi˘
’hÎT›‰ËÎfl ¿ı ¥-‹ı· ’HÎ ’flÌZÎÎ ¿Î›Î˝·›fiı ¿fl¢ fiÏË ÷ı‰Ì fi‹˛ ωfi_÷Ì »ı.
7. √…flÎ÷Ì ¤ÎÊÎ ‰Î_«Ì, ·¬Ì ¿ı ⁄˘·Ì fi ¿÷Πˢ› ÷ı‰Î ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±˘±ı ‹Î÷Î-Ï’÷Î, ‰ÕÌ·˘ ¿ı ±L› V‰…fi˘-
VfiıË̱˘ ’ÎÁı ‰_«Î‰Ìfiı Ïfi⁄_‘fi˘ ¤Î‰Î◊˝ Á‹∞ ’˘÷ÎfiÌ flÌ÷ı, ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ÂOÿ˘‹Î_ ·¬Ìfiı ÷ˆ›ÎflÌ ¿fl‰ÎfiÌ flËıÂı.
8. One essay from the above list of essays will be asked in the Final Examination of March-2014.
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ÁIÁ_√ ’˛‰ÌHÎ
(1)
Á‰Î˝‰÷ÎflÌ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ — ›˘√ ωfiÎ Á‹ÎÏ‘
Supreme Bhagwan Swaminarayan : Samadhi Without Yoga
ËÎ, ±ı Ë÷Ì Á‹ÎÏ‘ !
ÁÎE«˘ ÁÎE« ±fi¤‰ı·Ì Á‹ÎÏ‘ !
¿˘¥ ‹ËÎI‹Î Q≤I› ’΋ı ±fiı ÷ı‹fiÎ ÂflÌflfiı …‹Ìfi‹Î_ ¬ÎÕ˘ ¿flÌfiı ’‘flÎ‰Ì ÿı‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı, ±◊‰Î ‹˘ZÎfiÌ ¿Î‹fiÎ ÁÎ◊ı ∞‰÷ı ∞‰÷ ¿˘¥ ‹ËÎI‹Î
…‹Ìfi‹Î_ ¬ÎÕ˘ ¿flÌfiı ÁÿÎfiı ‹ÎÀı ±_ÿfl Á‹Î¥ Ω› - ±ıfiı ·˘¿˘ Á‹ÎÏ‘ ¿Ëı÷Î. Á΋ÎL› …fiÁ‹ÿΛ ’ÎÁı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ‹ÎÀı ±Î ÏÁ‰Î› ⁄Ì∞ ¿˘¥ T›ÎA›Î
fiˢ÷Ì. ’fl_÷ ω¶Îfi˘fiı ⁄ÌΩ ±◊˝fiÌ ’HÎ ΩHÎ Ë÷Ì. ±ı Ë÷Ì ›˘√-ÁΑfiÎfiÌ T›ÎA›Î. ±WÀÎ_√ ›˘√fiÌ √Ëfi ÁΑfiÎ ¿flÌ ¿flÌfiı ¿˘¥¿ ‰Ìfl·˘ ›‹, Ïfi›‹,
±ÎÁfi, ’˛ÎHÎΛ΋, ’˛I›ÎËÎfl, K›Îfi, ‘ÎflHÎÎfiÎ_ ÁÎ÷ ’√Ï◊›Î_ «œÌfiı Á‹ÎÏ‘fi_ ±ÎË_ ’√Ï◊›_ V’Âa ¿ı. Á‹ÎÏ‘ ±ıÀ·ı ’fl‹ÎI‹ÎfiÌ ÁÎZÎÎ÷˚ ÏÿT› ±fi¤ÒÏ÷.
…ıfi_ ±ı¿ ±ı¿ ’√Ï◊›_ ÏÁ© ¿fl‰Î‹Î_ …L‹Îfl˘ ‰Ì÷Ì Ω› ±ı‰Î ±WÀÎ_√›˘√fiÎ_ ±Îà ’√Ï◊›Î_ ±ı¿ … ¤‰‹Î_ ¿˘HÎ «œÌ ¿ı ? ±fiı ±ı ±ÎËı ’√Ï◊›ı
Á‹ÎÏ‘fi˘ ±fi¤‰ ¿˘HÎ ¿flÌ Â¿ı ? ¿˘¥ fiËŸ ! ÿ·˝¤‹Î_ ÿ·˝¤ ±fiı ¿ÏÃfi‹Î_ ¿ÏÃfi ±ı ÁΑfiÎfiÌ ‰Î÷ ‹ÎhÎ ÁΑ¿fiÌ ÏËo‹÷fiÎ «Òflı«flÎ ¿flÌ fiÎ_¬ı I›Î_ ±ı
Á‹ÎÏ‘fiÎ ±fi¤‰ Á‘Ì ’ˢӫfiÎflÎ ¿˘HÎ ⁄Î¿Ì flËı !
’fl_÷ 19‹Ì ÁÿÌfiÎ ’Ïç‹ ¤Îfl÷‹Î_ ω¶Îfi˘ ¿ı …fiÁ‹ÿΛfiı Á˙fiı ±‘‘‘ ◊÷_ Ë÷_. ¿ÎflHÎ ¿ı, …‹Ìfi‹Î_ ÿÀΛΠÏÁ‰Î› ¿ı ±WÀÎ_√ ›˘√fiÌ ¿ÏÃfi ÁΑfiÎ ¿›Î˝
ÏÁ‰Î› Á˙fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘fi˘ lıWà ±fi¤‰ ◊÷˘ Ë÷˘ - ¤√‰Îfi V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎfiÎ ’˛¤Î‰◊Ì.
¿ı‰Ì Ë÷Ì ±ı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ? ¿ı‰Î Ë÷Î ±ıfiÎ ÏÿT› ±fi¤‰˘ ?
±Î flèÎÎ_ ¿ıÀ·Î_¿ ±ˆÏ÷ËÎÏÁ¿ ’˛‹ÎH΢.
…ı÷’flfiÎ ÿfl⁄Îfl μ¯ÎÕ ⁄Î’ ’˘÷ÎfiÌ Õı·Ì±ı ÕΛfl΋Î_ ⁄ıÃÎ Ë÷Î. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ¤√‰ÎfifiÎ ’|ÎϤÊı¿fiÎ μIÁ‰fiÎ ±Îfi_ÿ◊Ì Á˙fiÎ_ ˈ›Î_ ÏË·˘‚Î÷Î_
Ë÷Î_. √΋ ±fiı ÷ıfiÌ ÁÌ‹‹Î_ ⁄‘ı … ±_÷fl ÀÎœ<_ ◊¥ Ω› ±ı‰Ì ÂÎ_Ï÷ ’˛ÁflÌ Ë÷Ì.
±ıÀ·Î‹Î_ ±ı¿ ’ÁΛ÷˘ I›Î_ ±ÎT›˘. ÕΛflÎfiı “fl΋ fl΋” ¿›Î˝ ’»Ì ⁄Î’ ÷flŒ Ωı¥fiı ÷ı ⁄˘S›˘, “⁄Î’ ! √΋fiı ’Îÿfl ±ı¿ ‹Á·‹Îfi ±Î_ÀÎ ‹Îflı »ı.
CÎÕÌ¿ √΋ ⁄ËÎfl Ω› »ı ±fiı CÎÕÌ¿ √΋fiÎ ’Îÿflı ±Î‰ı »ı ±fiı {ÎÕ fiÌ«ı ⁄ıÁÌ √΋ ÷flŒ Ωı›Î ¿flı »ı. ÷ıfiÌ ÏË·«Î· μ’fl◊Ì ¿o¥¿ Â_¿Î ±Î‰ı »ı.”
±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ⁄Î’±ı ËÁÌfiı ¿èÎ_, “√Î_Õ˘ ◊Î ‹Î √Î_Õ˘. ±ËŸ ÷˘ ¤√‰Îfi Ï⁄flÎ…ı »ı. F›Î_ ¤√‰Îfi ˢ› I›Î_ Â_¿Î, ¤›, ¿·ı ˢ› ?! ±ıfiı ¤„@÷fi˘
μL‹Îÿ «œu˘ ËÂı.”
’ÁΛ÷˘ ±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ÀÎœ˘ ◊¥ √›˘. ’HÎ ŒflÌ ÏËo‹÷ ¤ı√Ì ¿flÌ ÷ıHÎı ¿èÎ_, “’HÎ ⁄Î’ ! ¿Ë˘ ÷˘ ±ËŸ ·¥ ±Î‰_.”
“·¥ ±Î‰, ¤Î¥ ! ¥ ¤√÷fiÎ_ ±Î’HÎı› ÿ½fi ¿fḻı.”
◊˘ÕÌ ‰Îflı ‹Á·‹Îfi ±ÎT›˘. ⁄Î’±ı ÷ıfiı ’ÎÁı ⁄ıÁΛ˘˝ ±fiı ’Ò»u_, “¤Î¥ ! ÷‹ı √΋fiı ’Îÿfl ¿ı‹ ⁄ıÁ˘ »˘ ? √΋‹Î_ ¿ı‹ ±Î‰÷Î fi◊Ì ?”
“⁄Î’ ! Ë_ ±Î √΋fi˘ fi◊Ì, ‹Îv_ ±_÷fl ÷˘ …^fiÎ ‰ıflfiÎ CÎÎfiÌ ‰ıÿfiÎ◊Ì ⁄‚ı »ı.”
I›Îflı ÕΛfl΋Î_◊Ì Á˙fiÌ Õ˘¿ ¨«Ì ◊¥, ±ı ΩHΉΠ‹ÎÀı ¿ı ÷ıfiı √΋‹Î_ ¿˘fiÌ ÁÎ◊ı …^fi_ ‰ıfl »ı. ’fl_÷ ±ı ‹Á·‹Îfi ⁄˘S›˘, “±Î √΋fiÌ ÁÌ‹‹Î_ ÷˘ ⁄Î’
Ë_ ÿά· ◊›˘ ±fiı ÷fl÷ … ‰ıÿfiÎ À‚Ì √¥ ! ’HÎ F›Î_ ÁÌ‹fiÌ Ëÿ »˘ÕÌfiı ±ÎCÎı Ω™ »\_, I›Î_ ’λΠ‰ıflfiΠω«Îfl˘ ±Î‰ı »ı. ±Î‰˘ «‹I¿Îfl ±Î √΋fiÌ
ÁÌ‹fi˘ ‹ıÓ ¤ÎY›˘, ‰ıfl ÷˘ ±Î √΋‹Î_ ¿˘¥fiÌ ÁÎ◊ı fi◊Ì, ’HÎ ⁄ÌΩ √΋fiÎ ‹ÎHÎÁ ÁÎ◊ı ⁄_‘Λ_ »ı.”
μ¯ÎÕ ⁄Î’ ±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ÷fl÷ … ⁄˘S›Î, “Ë_ fi˘”÷˘ ¿Ëı÷˘, V‰Î‹Ìfi˘ fiı ‰HÎafi˘ (lÌËÏflfi˘) ’fl÷Î’ … ±ı‰˘ »ı. ‰ıfl-{ıfl ⁄‘Î_ ±ËŸ ¤·Î¥ Ω›.”
‹Á·‹Îfi «‹@›˘. ÷ıHÎı ¿èÎ_, “⁄Î’ ! ‹fiı ÷‹ÎflÎ ±ı ±˘Ï·›ÎfiÎ_ ÿ½fi ¿flΉ˘.”
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μ¯ÎÕ ⁄Î’ ÷ıfiı ·¥fiı V‰Î‹Ì ’ÎÁı ±ÎT›Î. ÷ı ‰¬÷ı fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì ¨«Ì √ÎÿÌ μ’fl ⁄ıÃÎ Ë÷Î ±fiı lÌËÏfl fiÌ«ı ⁄ıÃÎ Ë÷Î. ‹Á·‹Îfifiı Ωı¥ V‰Î‹Ì±ı
lÌËÏflfiı ¿èÎ_, “±Î ¿˘¥ ¤Îω¿ ±ÎT›˘ »ı ÷ıfiı ‰Î÷˘ ¿fl˘.”
‹Á·‹Îfiı fiÌ«Î fi‹Ì Á·Î‹ ¿flÌ. ’»Ì ÷ı lÌËÏfl ’ÎÁı ⁄ıÃ˘. lÌËÏfl±ı ÷ıfiÎ ÷flŒ º„WÀ ¿flÌ fiı ÷fl÷ ÷ıfiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥. Á˙ ¤@÷…fi˘fiı ±Îç›˝ ◊›_ !
◊˘ÕÌ ‰Îflı ‹Á·‹Îfi Ω√˛÷ ◊›˘ I›Îflı ÷ıHÎı fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ìfiı ¿èÎ_, “‹ıÓ …ı Ωı›_ ÷ı Ωı ÁΫ_ ˢ› ÷˘ ÷‹ı ÏÂW› »˘ ±fiı ±Î ¬ÿÎ »ı. ’HÎ ±ËŸ ÷‹ı ¨«ı
⁄ıÃÎ »˘ ±fiı ±Î ¬ÿÎ fiÌ«ı ⁄ıÃÎ »ı.”
fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì ±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ËV›Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_, “±‹ÎflÎ ÏËoÿ±˘‹Î_ ±Î flÌ÷ ˢ› »ı.”
‹Á·‹Îfifiı ÷ı Á‹Ω›_ fiÏË, ’fl_÷ ÷ıfiı ÏËoÿfiÌ flÌ÷fiÌ ‹Î◊ο>À‹Î_ ’Õ‰_ fi Ë÷_. ÷ıHÎı ΩHÎÌ ·Ì‘_ ¿ı ±Î ±S·Î »ı. ÷ı◊Ì ÷ıHÎı lÌËÏflfiı ’√ı ·Î√Ìfiı ¿èÎ_,
“÷‹ı ±S·Î »˘ ÷˘ ‹ÎflÎ μ’fl flËı‹ ¿flΩı.” ±ı‹ ¿ËÌfiı ÷ı I›Î_◊Ì √›˘.
fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì±ı Á˙fiı ¿èÎ_, “Á˙ ¤Ò·Ì √›Î ? ‹ıÓ fi˘”÷_ ¿èÎ_ ¿ı ±Î … ’vÊ˘k΋ »ı. ‰ıÂfiÎ ¤…‰fiÎflÎ »ı ?”
±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ‹‹Zα˘fiÌ Á_›√˛_Ï◊ √‚Ì √¥ ±fiı √vfiÎ ‰«fiı lÌËÏflfi˘ ’fl‹ÎI‹Î ÷flÌ¿ıfi˘ Ïfiç› ºœ ¿›˘˝. (¤√‰Îfi V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ-1/382)
à
fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÎ ‘΋√‹fi ’»Ì ÷ı‹fiÎ ÷ıfl‹ÎfiÎ Ïÿ‰Áı lÌËÏfl±ı ŒHÎıHÎÌ‹Î_ ÂÌ÷‚ÿÎÁ fi΋fiÎ ±ı¿ ‹‹ZÎfiı Á‹ÎÏ‘fi˘ ÏÿT› ±fi¤‰ ¿flÎT›˘.
I›Îfl⁄Îÿ Á‹ÎÏ‘fi_ ±ı¿ ±Ï¶÷Ì› ’˛¿flHÎ Âw ◊›_. ¿Î·‰ÎHÎÌ, ‹Î_√fl˘‚ ‰√ıflı √΋˘fiÎ ¤Îω¿˘fiı º„WÀ‹ÎhÎı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ¿flÎ‰Ì lÌËÏfl±ı ’˘÷Îfi˘ ±·˙Ï¿¿ ’˛÷Î’
…HÎÎT›˘. ÷ı‹fi˘ ’˛÷Î’ ÁÎ_¤‚Ì, √΋˘√΋◊Ì ·˘¿˘ ‹Î_√fl˘‚ ±Î‰‰Î ·ÎB›Î. ÷ı‹fiı ÿflı¿fiı ÷ı‹fiÎ ¤Î‰ ’˛‹ÎHÎı, μ’ÎÁfiÎ ’˛‹ÎHÎı, ’˘÷’˘÷ÎfiÎ ≥WÀÿı‰fiÎ_
ÿ½fi lÌËÏflfiÎ_ V‰w’‹Î_ ◊‰Î ·ÎB›Î_. ¿ıÀ·Î¿fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊÷Ì ±fiı hÎHÎ-«Îfl Ïÿ‰Á Á‘Ì Â⁄‰÷˚ ’ÕuÎ flËı÷Î. ¿ıÀ·Î¿ ’_ÿfl Ïÿ‰Á, ¿ıÀ·Î¿ ‹ÏËfiÎ Á‘Ì, ±ı‹
Á‹ÎÏ‘ ±‰V◊΋Î_ ÿıËfi_ ¤Îfi ¤Ò·Ì ’ÕÌ flËı÷Î. ÷ı‹fiÎ Á_⁄_‘̱˘ ÷ı‹fiı ¢‘‰Î ±Î‰÷Î I›Îflı ÷ı‹fiı Á˙fiı ±ı¿⁄Î…\ μ’flÎμ’flÌ ¬Õ¿Ì flÎA›Î ˢ› ÷ı‹Î_◊Ì
lÌËÏfl ¢‘Ì ·Î‰‰Îfi_ ¿Ëı÷Î. ÷ı±˘ I›Î_ …¥fiı ÷ı‹fiÎ Á_⁄_‘ÌfiÎ ÿıËfiı ¢‘÷Î ±fiı ŒflÌ lÌËÏfl ’ÎÁı ±Î‰÷Î, I›Îflı lÌËÏfl I›Î_ ±Î‰Ìfiı Á˘ÀÌ ±ÕÎÕ÷Î I›Îflı
÷ı ¤@÷ ∂¤Î ◊¥ …÷Î. ±Î‰˘ ±·˙Ï¿¿ ’˛÷Î’ Ωı¥fiı ±fiı¿ ‹‹Zα˘fiı lÌËÏflfiÎ V‰w’‹Î_ ’fl‹ÎI‹¤Î‰fi˘ Ïfiç› ◊›˘. (¤√. V‰Î. 1/423)
à
…‹fiΉÕfiÎ ÿfl⁄Îfl ÁΩfiÏÁ_Ë(ÿÎÿΤΥ)fiÎ ¤Î‰fiı ‰Â ◊¥ lÌËÏfl ÷ı‹fiı I›Î_ ’‘Λν Ë÷Î. lÌËÏfl ÷◊Î Á_CÎfiÌ Áı‰Î‹Î_ ±_⁄Îfl΋ ω’˛ ¬Õı ’√ı Ë÷Î.
±_⁄Îfl΋ı lÌËÏflfiı Á_ÿfl flÁ˘¥ ¿flÌ …‹ÎÕuÎ. ±_⁄Îfl΋fiı ◊›_ ¿ı lÌËÏfl ’˛Á¯ÎÏ«kÎ »ı ±ıÀ·ı ’˛ë ’Ò»u˘, “‹ËÎflÎ… ! ±‹ı ÷˘ ∞‰ »Ì±ı ±fiı ÷‹ı …√ÿÌÂ
»˘. ±Î’HÎÎ ‰E«ı ±ıÀ·_ »ıÀ<_ »ı ¿ı ¿ı‹ı ¿flÌfiı ±‹ÎflÌ fi…fl ÷‹ÎflÎ ÷flŒ ’ˢӫı ÷ı‰_ fi◊Ì.”
lÌËÏfl ÷ı‹fiÌ ±Î ¤˘‚Ì ‰ÎHÎÌ ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ËV›Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_, “±_⁄Îfl΋ ! ±Î’HÎÌ ‰E«ı ¿Î_¥ … »ıÀ<_ fi◊Ì. Ωı ÷‹ÎflÌ º„WÀ ¿flÌ Ω›, ÷˘ ÁΉ œ>_¿Õ<_ … »ı.”
±_⁄Îfl΋ ±Î ‰ÎHÎÌ‹Î_ fi Á‹F›Î. lÌËÏfl ÷ı‹fiÌ ‹Ò_{‰HÎ Ωı¥ ËV›Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_, “±_⁄Îfl΋ ! ±Î‹ …\±˘, ±Î’HÎÎ ‰E«ı ±ÎÀ·_ … »ıÀ<_ »ı.” ±fiı …ı‰Ì
lÌËÏfl ±fiı ±_⁄Îfl΋fiÌ º„WÀ ±ı¿ ◊¥ ¿ı ÷fl÷ … ÷ı‹fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥ ! ±ZÎfl‘΋‹Î_ ÏÿT› ÏÁ_ËÎÁfi μ’fl ±fi_÷ ‹@÷˘ lÌËÏflfiÌ Áı‰Î‹Î_ ÷ıHÎı Ωı›Î. ’˘÷ı
’HÎ lÌËÏfl ÁL‹¬ lÌËÏflfiÎ ÏÿT› V‰w’fi˘ ±Îfi_ÿ ‹ÎHÎ÷Î ΩHÎı ¬˘‰Î¥ √›Î ˢ› ÷ı‹ ∂¤Î Ë÷Î.
ÿÎÿΤΥ ±_⁄Îfl΋fiÌ ±Î „V◊Ï÷ Ωı¥ ‹Ò_{Î¥ √›Î. ÷ı‹fiı ◊›_ ¿ı, “⁄˛ÎõHÎ ⁄Ì«Îfl˘ Áı‰Î ¿fl‰Î ±ÎT›˘ I›Î_ ÷ıfiı ±Î Â_ ◊¥ √›_ ?” ÷ıHÎı lÌËÏflfiı
’˛Î◊˝fiÎ ¿flÌ, “‹ËÎflÎ… ! ±Îfiı Â_ ◊›_ ? ∞‰÷˘ ¿fl˘ fiÏË ÷˘ ±‹fiı ⁄˛õËI›Îfi_ ’Î’ ·Î√Âı.”
lÌËÏfl ±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ËV›Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_, “⁄Î’ ! ±_⁄Îfl΋ ÷˘ ∞‰÷˘ ∞‰ »ı. ’HÎ …ıfiı ±Î V‰w’fiÌ ±˘‚¬ÎHÎ fi◊Ì ÷ı ⁄‘Î … ∞‰÷Î »÷Î_ ‹flı·Î »ı.
…ı‹ ·ËÎflfiÌ ‘‹HÎ ËÎ_Œı »ı. ÷ı‹ ÷ı ⁄‘Î ¿ı‰‚ ËÎ_Œı »ı, ’HÎ ÷ı‹fi΋Î_ ∞‰fi fi◊Ì Ë˘÷_.”
±ıÀ·Ì ‰Îfl‹Î_ ±_⁄Îfl΋ ⁄ıÃ˘ ◊¥ √›˘ ! ⁄Î’fiı ±Îç›˝ ◊›_. ±_⁄Îfl΋ı …ı ¿èÎ_ ÷ı ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ⁄Î’fiı ‰‘ ±Îç›˝ ◊›_ ! ±Î ±ÿ˚¤÷ ·Ì·Î◊Ì ÷ı‹fiı lÌËÏflfi˘
‹ÏˋΠωÂıÊ ºœ ◊›˘. (¤√. V‰Î. 2/9-10)
à
fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÎ ÿıËI›Î√ ⁄Îÿ ¿ıÀ·Î¿ Á‹› ’»Ì lÌËÏfl ¤… ’‘Λν Ë÷Î. lÌËÏfl √_√Îfl΋ ‹S·fiı I›Î_ Ï⁄flÎ…÷Î lÌËÏfl±ı ±ı¿ ‰¬÷ √_√Îfl΋fiı
¿èÎ_, “±‹ı ±ÎÀ·Î Ïÿ‰Á◊Ì ±ËŸ ±ÎT›Î »Ì±ı »÷Î_ ·Î‘Ì‹Î Ë…\ ÿ½fiı ±ÎT›Î_ fi◊Ì. ‹ÎÀı ÷ı‹fiı ¿Ëı‰flΉ˘ ¿ı ÷‹fiı V‰Î‹Ì ⁄˘·Î‰ı »ı.”
lÌËÏflfiÌ ±Î ±ÎiÎÎ ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ‹S·ı ÷fl÷ … ·Î‘Ì‹Îfiı Á_ÿı¢ ‹˘¿S›˘, ’fl_÷ ÷fl÷ … ·Î‘Ì‹Î ÷flŒ◊Ì …‰Î⁄ ±ÎT›˘ ¿ı, “V‰Î‹Ì ÷˘ ±ı¿ fl΋Îfi_ÿ ! Ë_
÷˘ ÷ı‹fiÎ_ ÿ½fi◊Ì ¿Ú÷Î◊˝ ◊¥ »\_. ±ıÀ·ı ‹Îflı ±L›fiÎ_ ÿ½fi ¿fl‰ÎfiÌ ≥E»Î fi◊Ì.”
lÌËÏfl ÷ı‹fiÌ fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì ’˛I›ıfiÌ ÏfiWÃÎ◊Ì ’˛Á¯Î ◊›Î. ’»Ì ÷ı‹HÎı ŒflÌ ¿Ëı‰flÎT›_ ¿ı, “‹Îfiı …¥fiı ¿Ë˘ ¿ı ÷‹ı› fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÎ_ ÏÂW› »˘ ±fiı
±‹ı ’HÎ ÷ı‹fiÎ ÏÂW› »Ì±ı. ‹ÎÀı ±Î’HÎı ÷˘ √v¤Î¥ ¿Ëı‰Î¥±ı. ‹ÎÀı ‹‚‰Î ±Î‰˘.”
±Î Á_ÿı¢ ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ·Î‘Ì‹Î ‹S·fiı CÎıfl ±ÎT›Î_. ÁËΩfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ìfiı ’ÎÀ μ’fl ⁄ıÃı·Î Ωı¥ ·Î‘Ì‹Îfiı ◊›_ ¿ı, ¿Ëı »ı ¿ı ±Î’HÎı √v¤Î¥ ¿Ëı‰Î¥±ı, ±fiı
⁄ıÃÎ »ı ÷˘ ’ÎÀ μ’fl ! »÷Î_ ÷ı ±_ÿfl ±ÎT›Î_. lÌËÏflfiı ⁄ı ËÎ◊ ΩıÕÌ fi‹V¿Îfl ¿›Î˝ ±fiı ÿÒfl ⁄ıÁÌ √›Î_.
·Î‘̋αı fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÌ ’ÒHν¤Î‰◊Ì Áı‰Î ¿flÌ Ë÷Ì. ÷ı◊Ì lÌËÏflfiı ÷ı‹fi_ ¿S›ÎHÎ ¿fl‰_ Ë÷_. lÌËÏfl±ı ·Î‘Ì‹Î ÷flŒ º„WÀ ¿flÌ ±fiı ÷fl÷ … ÷ı‹fiı
Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥. ±‘˘-∂K‰˝ ’˛‹ÎHÎflÏË÷ ÏÿT› ±ZÎfl‘΋‹Î_ ·Î‘̋αı ‹fiW›÷fi‘ÎflÌ lÌËÏflfiı ÏÿT› ÏÁ_ËÎÁfi ’fl Ï⁄flÎ…‹Îfi Ωı›Î. ±fi_÷ ‹@÷˘ lÌËÏfl
V÷Ï÷ ¿fl÷Î Ë÷Î. fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ìfiı ’HÎ ÷ıHÎı lÌËÏflfiÌ Áı‰Î‹Î_ Ωı›Î.
±Î Á‹ÎÏ‘fiÎ ÏÿT› Á¬fiÎ ±fi¤‰◊Ì ÷ı‹fiÎ_ ±_÷fl«ZÎ ¬Ò·Ì √›Î_. lÌËÏflfiÎ V‰w’fi˘ Ïfiç› ◊›˘. Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_◊Ì ∂ÃÌfiı lÌËÏfl ’ÎÁı ±Î‰Ì ÷ıHÎı ’_«Î_√
’˛HÎ΋ ¿›Î˝. ‹˙fi◊Ì … ΩHÎı ¿ı lÌËÏflfiı ¿ËÌ ÿÌ‘_ ¿ı, “±Î’ ’fl‹ırfl »˘ ±fiı Ë_ ÷˘ ±Î’fiÌ ¤@÷ »\_.” (¤√. V‰Î. 2/79-80)
à
±ı¿ ‰¬÷ lÌËÏfl Á˘flà ’˛ÿı‹Î_ ±√÷flÎ¥ ’‘Λν Ë÷Î. ◊˘ÕÎ Ïÿ‰Á ±ËŸ fl˘¿Î›Î ⁄Îÿ lÌËÏflfiı ˉı √œ’fl …‰_ Ë÷_. ÷ı◊Ì Á‰Îflı ’‰˝÷¤Î¥fiı ¿èÎ_,
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“flÁ˘¥ ‰Ëı·Ì ¿flΉ˘ ±‹Îflı ±Î…ı «Î·‰_ »ı.”
‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ±ÎiÎÎ ’˛‹ÎHÎı ⁄‘Ì √˘Ã‰HÎ ◊¥ √¥. ‹ËÎflÎ… …Q›Î, ¤@÷˘fiı ’HÎ …‹ÎÕuÎ. ’»Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… I›Î_◊Ì fiÌ¿Y›Î. √΋fiı ’Îÿfl ’ˢÓE›Î_ I›Î_ ÷˘
C΢Õ̱ı ÷˘ŒÎfi ±Îÿ›* ±fiı lÌËÏfl fiÌ«ı ’ÕuÎ. …‹HÎÎ ’√fi_ ËÎÕ¿<_ ¤Î_√Ì √›_. ‹ËÎflÎ…fiı ÷ÎI¿ÎÏ·¿ ’‰˝÷¤Î¥fiı CÎıfl ·ÎT›Î.
’‰˝÷¤Î¥±ı ÷fl÷ … √΋fiÎ ‹Á·‹Îfi ‰Î‚_ÿfiı ⁄˘·ÎT›˘. ‰Î‚_ÿ ±ÎT›˘ ±fiı ÷ıHÎı ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ’√fi_ ËÎÕ¿<_ ⁄ıÁÎÕÌ ’ÎÀ˘ ⁄Î_‘Ì ÿÌ‘˘. ’HÎ …÷Î_ …÷Î_
÷ıHÎı ÁÒ«fiÎ ±Î’Ì, “ÿËŸ, »Î ¿ı ¬ÀΠ¬Î‰Î ±Î’¢ fiËŸ.”
lÌËÏflfi˘ ±Î ’˛◊‹ ‹˘À˘ ‹_ÿ‰ÎÕ Ë÷˘. ±ÎËı Ïÿ‰Áı Á‰Îflı lÌËÏfl±ı ÿËŸ ‹Î_B›_. ’‰˝÷¤Î¥ ¿Ëı, “ÿËŸ fi ¬‰Î›, ‰Î‚_ÿı fiÎ ¿ËÌ »ı. ±Î…ı ’ÎÀ˘ ⁄Î_‘‰Î
±Î‰‰Îfi˘ »ı.”
»÷Î_ lÌËÏfl±ı Ëà ·Ì‘Ì ¿ı ÿËŸ ¬Î‰_ … »ı.
»ı‰Àı lÌËÏflfiÌ ËÃfiı ‰Â ◊¥fiı ’‰˝÷¤Î¥±ı ÿËŸ ±ÎM›_. ÷ı±˘ ÿËŸ …‹÷Î Ë÷Î ÷ı … ‰¬÷ı lÌËÏflfiÌ ÁÎfl‰Îfl ¿flfiÎfl ‹Á·‹Îfi ‰Î‚_ÿ ±ÎT›˘.
‹ËÎflÎ…fiı ÿËŸ …‹÷Î Ωı¥fiı ÷ı √VÁı ◊›˘. ÷ıHÎı ¿èÎ_, “±Îfiı ÷‹ı ¤√‰Îfi ¿Ë˘ »˘ ?” ÷ı ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ËV›Î fiı ¿èÎ_, “÷_ ’ÎÀ˘ ÷˘ »˘Õ. Ωı ÷˘ ¬flÎ ¿ı
Â_ ◊›_ »ı ?” ‰Î‚_ÿı ⁄⁄Õ÷Î_ ⁄⁄Õ÷Î_ ’ÎÀ˘ »˘Õu˘. ’√ Ë·ÎT›˘. ÷ıfiı ±Îç›˝ ◊›_ ¿ı ±Î Â_ ? ±Î ÷˘ ΩHÎı ’√ı ¿Î_¥ ‰ÎB›_ … fi◊Ì ! ÷ı … ‰¬÷ı ‹ËÎflÎ…ı
÷ıfiÎ ÷flŒ º„WÀ ¿flÌ. ÷ıfiı ÷fl÷ … Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥ ±fiı ÷ı‹Î_ ’ı√_⁄fl˘fiı ÏfiËÎY›Î. ÷fl÷ … ÷ı ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ’√‹Î_ ’ÕÌ √›˘ fiı V‰Ì¿Î›*, “‹ËÎflÎ… ! ÷‹ı ¤√‰Îfi
ÁΫÎ.” (¤√. V‰Î. 2/174-175)
à
±ı¿ ‰¬÷ lÌËÏfl …^fiÎ√œ ’‘Λν Ë÷Î. ±ËŸ ÷ı±˘ fiflÏÁ_Ë ‹Ëı÷ÎfiÎ «˘flı ‹Ëı÷Î∞fiÎ ±˘ÀÎ ’fl Ï⁄flÎF›Î Ë÷Î. ÷ı Ωı¥fiı I›Î_fi˘ ⁄Ή˘ ⁄˘·Ì ∂Ãu˘,
“±flı ! ‹Ëı÷Î∞fiÎ ±˘ÀÎ μ’fl ¿ı‹ ⁄ıÃÎ ?”
‹ËÎflÎ…ı ÷ıfiÎ ÷flŒ ËÁÌfiı ¿èÎ_, “¿ÎflHÎ ¿ı ±‹ı ‹Ëı÷Î∞fiÎ √v »Ì±ı, Á‹F›Î ⁄ΉÎ∞ ?” ±ı‹ ¿ËÌfiı lÌËÏfl±ı ÷ıfiÎ ÷flŒ º„WÀ ¿flÌ. ÷fl÷ … ÷ıfiı
Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥ √¥. Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_ ÷ıfiı fiflÏÁ_Ë ‹Ëı÷Î ±Î V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ¤√‰ÎfifiÌ V÷Ï÷ ¿fl÷Î Ë÷Î ÷ı‰Î_ ÿ½fi ◊›Î_. flΑÎ-·Z‹Ì ±ÎÏÿ¿ ’HÎ lÌËÏflfiÌ ¤„@÷
¿fl÷Î_ ÿı¬Î›Î_. ⁄ΉÎ∞ Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_◊Ì Ω√˛÷ ◊›Î ¿ı ÷fl÷ … lÌËÏfl ’ÎÁı √›Î ±fiı «flHÎÎflω_ÿ‹Î_ fi‹Ì ’ÕuÎ. (¤√. V‰Î. 2/256)
à
‰ÌÁfi√flfiÎ ÁÒ⁄Î ·Î·ÿÎÁfiı V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_’˛ÿΛ ’˛I›ı ¶ıʤΉ Ë÷˘. ±Î◊Ì ÷ı V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎÌ› ÁIÁ_√̱˘fiı ¬Ò⁄ … hÎÎÁ ±Î’÷˘ Ë÷˘.
ËÏfl¤@÷˘±ı lÌËÏflfiı ’˛Î◊˝fiÎ ¿flÌ ±ıÀ·ı ¤@÷‰IÁ· lÌËÏfl ¤@÷˘fiÎ_ ÿ—¬ ¤Î_√‰Î ‰ÌÁfi√fl ’‘Λν.
⁄Ì…ı Ïÿ‰Áı ‹Ò‚∞ ⁄˛õ«ÎflÌfiı ±Î¬Î ÂflÌflı ¤V‹ ·√ΉÕΉÌfiı lÌËÏfl ÁÒ⁄Î ’ÎÁı ’ˢÓE›Î. ⁄˛õ«ÎflÌfi˘ ±Î‰˘ ‰ı Ωı¥ ÁÒ⁄˘ ±ı¿ÿ‹ ∂¤˘ ◊¥ √›˘.
÷ıfiÎ◊Ì ËÎ◊ ΩıÕÎ¥ √›Î ! ±ı ÿflQ›Îfi lÌËÏfl ÷˘ ·Î·ÿÎÁfiÌ √ÎÿÌ μ’fl ⁄ıÁÌ √›Î ! ⁄˛õ«ÎflÌfiı ’HÎ ⁄Î…\‹Î_ ⁄ıÁΛν. ±fiı lÌËÏfl±ı ÁÒ⁄Îfiı ’Ò»u_, “÷‹ı
·Î·ÿÎÁ ! ÷‹ı ±ËŸfiÎ ÁÒ⁄Î ?”
·Î·ÿÎÁ ·Î·«˘‚ ◊¥fiı ⁄˘S›˘, “ËÎ, Ë_ »\_ ±ËŸfi˘ ÁÒ⁄˘ !” ÷ıfiı @›Î_ ⁄ıÁ‰_ ÷ı ÁÒ‡›_ fiËŸ. ÷ı ∂¤˘ … flè΢.
lÌËÏfl±ı ¿èÎ_, “÷‹ı ÿıÁÎ¥ ¿<‚fiÎ, ‰ÌÁfi√flÎ ⁄˛ÎõHÎ …ı‰Î μE« ¿<À<_⁄‹Î_ …L‹ı·Î ±Î‰Î Á_V¿ÎflÌ ◊¥ ±‹ÎflÎ μ’fl ¶ıÊ flά˘ »˘ ?”
·Î·ÿÎÁfiı ±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ìfiı ‹Ò_{‰HÎ ◊¥. ÷ıHÎı ¿èÎ_, “÷‹ı V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ? ¿S›ÎHÎfiÌ ¿ı V‰√˝fiÌ ¿ı fifl¿fiÌ ‰Î÷˘ ¿flÌ ÷‹ı ¤˘‚Î ‹ÎHÎÁ˘fiı ¤fl‹Î‰Ωı.
±‹ÎflÎ …ı‰Î ÷‹ÎflÌ Ω‚‹Î_ fiËŸ ±Î‰ı.”
“±‹Îflı ÷‹fiı Ω‚‹Î_ fi◊Ì ·ı‰Î, ⁄_‘fi‹Î_ ·ı‰Î »ı.” lÌËÏfl±ı ¿èÎ_.
“±ı ⁄‘Ì ÷‹ÎflÌ ÂOÿ˘fiÌ Ω‚ »ı. Ë_ ÷ı‹Î_ ŒÁΉÎfi˘ fi◊Ì. V‰√˝fiÌ fiı fifl¿fiÌ ‰Î÷˘ Ë_ C΢‚Ìfiı ’Ì √›˘ »\_, Á‹F›Î ?”
±Î ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ËV›Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_, “’Ì √›Î »˘ ±ıÀ·_ ÁÎv_ »ı. ’ıÀ‹Î_ ∂÷flı·_ @›Îflı¿ ’˛√À ◊Âı.” ±ı‹ ¿ËÌ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ÷ıfiÎ ÁÎ‹Ì º„WÀ ¿flÌ ±fiı
ÁÒ⁄Îfiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ◊¥ √¥. ÷ıfiÎ ±‹·ÿÎfl˘, fi˘¿fl˘ ⁄‘Î ±Î Ωı¥ flèÎÎ.
Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_ ÁÒ⁄Îfi˘ ÁÒZ‹ÿıË ›‹’flÌ‹Î_ ’ˢÓE›˘. ÁÒ⁄Îfiı …‹’flÌ ÿı¬Î¥. ›‹ÿÒ÷˘ ÷ıfiÎ_ ’Î’ ΩHÎ÷Î Ë÷Î. ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ≥E»Î◊Ì ÷ı ’Î’˘fi_ Œ‚ «¬ÎÕ‰Î,
fifl¿-›‹’flÌ ±ı ¿S’fiÎ fi◊Ì, ’fl_÷ fiyfl ‰ÎV÷ω¿÷Î »ı ÷ıfiÌ ’˛÷ÌÏ÷ ¿flΉ‰Î ›‹ÿÒ÷˘ ÷ıfiı ‹ÿ˚√·◊Ì ‹Îfl‰Î ‹Î_ÕuÎ. ›‹’flÌ‹Î_ ÷ıfiı ‹Îfl ’Õı fiı ±ËŸ
÷ıfi˘ V◊Ò‚ ÿıË ∂»‚ı. ±Î ‹Îfl◊Ì hÎÎÏˋ΋˚ hÎÎÏˋ΋˚ ’˘¿Îfl ¿fl‰Î ·ÎB›˘. ÷ı ’ÌÕÎfiÌ ⁄Ò‹˘fiı ⁄‘Î ÁÎ_¤‚÷Î Ë÷Î. ‹ËÎflÎ…fiı ÷ıfiÌ ÿ›Î ±Î‰Ì. ’fi—
¿Ú’κ„WÀ ¿flÌ fiı ÷ı Ω√˛÷ ◊›˘.
lÌËÏflfiı Á΋ı … ⁄ıÃı·Î Ωı¥ ÷ı ∂Ãu˘ ±fiı ÷ı‹fiÎ_ «flHÎÎflω_ÿ‹Î_ ’ÕÌ √›˘ ! ⁄_fiı «flHÎ ’¿ÕÌfiı ÷ıHÎı ¿èÎ_ — “‹ËÎflÎ… ! V‰√˝ ±fiı fifl¿ Ë_ Ï‹J›Î
‹Îfi÷˘ Ë÷˘ ’HÎ ÷ıfiÌ ›Î÷fiÎfiı ¤˘√‰Ì ·Ì‘Ì. ÂÎVhÎfiÎ_ ‰«fi˘ ÁI› »ı, ±Î’fiÌ ‰Î÷ ’HÎ ÁI› »ı. ’˛¤ ! ‹ÎflÎ ±’flΑ ‹ÎŒ ¿fl˘. ‹ıÓ ÷‹ÎflÎ ÁIÁ_√̱˘fiı
⁄Ë hÎÎÁ ±ÎM›˘ »ı. ÷ı‹fiı ÷Õ¿ı ∂¤Î flÎA›Î »ı. fiÎ÷ ⁄ËÎfl ‹¿ÎT›Î »ı. Á΋ÎÏ…¿ ⁄ÏËW¿Îfl ¿flÎT›˘ »ı. ±ı‰Î Ïfiÿ˘˝Ê ±fiı ’ωhÎ ¤@÷˘ μ’fl CÎb_ ⁄‘_
√Ω›* »ı. ±Î ’Î’fi_ Œ‚ ‹fiı ‹Y›_ »ı. ±Î’ ’fl‹ÎI‹Î »˘ ÷ıfiÌ ±Î’ı ‹fiı ’˛÷ÌÏ÷ ¿flΉÌ, ÂÎVh΢fiÎ_ ‰«fi˘‹Î_ l©Î ⁄ıÁÎÕÌ.”
±Î flÌ÷ı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ¶ÎflÎ lÌËÏfl±ı ÁÒ⁄Îfi_ Á‹Ò‚_ ’Ïfl‰÷˝fi ¿flÌ ¤@÷˘fi_ ÿ—¬ ÀÎY›_. (¤√. V‰Î. 3/124-125)
à
¿Î·‰ÎHÎÌ‹Î_ fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÎ ‰¬÷fiÌ ±ı¿ ±˘flÕÌ Ë÷Ì. I›Î_ ŒÏ‚›Î‹Î_ ·Ÿ⁄ÕÎfiÎ T≤ZÎ fiÌ«ı √ÎÿÌ-÷Ï¿›ı lÌËÏfl Ï⁄flÎF›Î Ë÷Î. ÷ı … ‰¬÷ı
‹ÎHÎΉÿfl◊Ì ‹›Îfl΋ ¤| ±ÎT›Î. ‹ËÎflÎ…fiı ’√ı ·Î√Ìfiı ÷ı Á¤Î‹Î_ ⁄ıÃÎ. ÷ı ‰¬÷ı ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ±ı¿ ËÏfl¤@÷fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ¿flΉı·Ì Ë÷Ì. ¤|∞fiı ±Î‰Ì
Á‹ÎÏ‘±˘‹Î_ ⁄Ë Ï‰rÎÁ fiËŸ ÷ı◊Ì ÷ı ËÏfl¤@÷fiÎ fiÎÕÌ-’˛ÎHÎ Ωı‰Î ·ÎB›Î. ’fl_÷ fi ‹‚ı fiÎÕÌ ¿ı fi ‹‚ı ’˛ÎHÎ ! ÷ı◊Ì ¤|∞fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_ ◊˘ÕÌ ’˛÷ÌÏ÷
±Î‰Ì.
»÷Î_ ÷ı‹fi˘ Á_› ‹ÀÎՉΠ‹ÎÀı lÌËÏfl±ı fl΋Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹ÌfiÎ ÿÌÏZÎ÷ ±ı¿ ÁΑ ·Z‹HÎÿÎÁfiı Á‹ÎÏ‘ ¿flΉÌfiı ‘΋‹Î_ ‹˘¿S›Î. ÷ı‹fiÎ Â⁄‰÷˚ ÂflÌflfiı
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…‹Ìfi ’fl Á‰ÕΉÌfiı «Îfl √˘ÿÕÎ_ ±˘œÎÕuÎ_. ’»Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ¿èÎ_, “ΩıΩı, ·Z‹HÎÿÎÁfiÎ ËÎ◊ ¨«Î ◊Âı.” ±ı‹ ¿ËÌ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ËÎ◊ ¨«Î ¿›Î* I›Î_ ÷˘
·Z‹HÎÿÎÁı ±˘œı·Î_ √˘ÿÕÎ_ ÿÒfl ËÕÁı·Ìfiı ÷ıfiÎ ⁄ı ËÎ◊ ¨«Î ¿›Î*. F›Îflı ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ËÎ◊ fiÌ«ı ‹Ò@›Î I›Îflı ·Z‹HÎÿÎÁfiÎ ËÎ◊ ’HÎ fiÌ«ı ±Î‰Ì √›Î. …ı‹
¿Ã’Ò÷‚̉΂˘ ÿ˘flÌ◊Ì ’Ò÷‚Î_ fl‹ÎÕı ÷ı‹ ‹ËÎflÎ… Á¤Î‹Î_ ·Z‹HÎÿÎÁ ’ÎÁı ËÎ◊-’√ ˷Ή÷Î Ë÷Î. ÷ı Ωı¥fiı Á¤Î…fi˘ ±Îç›˝ ’΋Ìfiı ⁄˘S›Î, “∞‰-
’˛ÎHÎÌ-‹ÎhÎfiÎ_ fiÎÕÌ’˛ÎHÎfiÌ ÿ˘flÌ lÌ∞‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ËÎ◊‹Î_ »ı.”
‰‚Ì, ÷ı Á‹›ı ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ±ı¿ ⁄ÌΩ ⁄΂¿fiı Á‹ÎÏ‘‹Î_ ‘΋‹Î_ ‹˘¿S›˘. ÷ı ±ı¿ ¿·Î¿ I›Î_ flËÌfiı ’λ˘ ÿıË‹Î_ ±ÎT›˘. ’»Ì ÷ı ±ZÎfl‘΋fiÌ Â˘¤Î ÷◊Î
Á¬fiÌ ‰Î÷ ¿fl‰Î ·ÎB›˘. ÷ı ÁÎ_¤‚Ì ‹›Îfl΋ ¤|fiı ‹ËÎflÎ…fi˘ ¬flı¬fl˘ Ïfiç› ◊›˘ ¿ı, “±Î ÁËΩfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì »ı ÷ı ’fl⁄˛õ ’vÊ˘k΋ fiÎflΛHÎ »ı.” ±fiı
‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ_ «flH΋Î_ ‹V÷¿ ‹Ò¿Ìfiı ’√ı ·ÎB›Î. ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ±_÷fl‹Î_ ±Îfi_ÿ »‰Î¥ √›˘ ±fiı Ëı÷fiÎ_ ±Î_Á_ ±Î‰Ì √›Î_ ! (ËÏfl«ÏflhÎÏ«_÷΋ÏHÎ ‰Î÷ - 1/144) ◆
(2)
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi˘ μΩÁ
Growth of BAPS Youth Activities
F›Î_ ›‰Îfi˘‹Î_
Á_V¿ÎflfiÌ Á‰ÎÁ ‹C΋CÎı »ı... ÏÂZÎHÎ-V‰ÎVJ›fiÌ ‹Î‰…÷ ◊Λ »ı...
¿·Î-¿˙ÂS› ‹Ë˘flÌ ∂Ãı »ı... Áı‰ÎfiÌ ·√fiÌ ·Î√ı »ı... fiıI≤I‰ ¬Ì·Ì ∂Ãı »ı...
F›Î_ ’»Î÷fi˘› μI¿Ê˝ »ı ±fiı F›Î_ √HÎÎ÷Ì÷ Á_÷fiÌ VfiıË· √_√Î ‰Ëı »ı...
±ı »ı - ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi˘ ±ı¿ ’Ïfl«›.
ˉı ’»ÌfiÎ_ M≤WÃ˘‹Î_ ÷ıfiÌ »ı ±ı¿ {·¿.
±fiı ËÎ,
›‰¿ ’˛T≤ÏkÎfiÌ Á‹Î_÷fl ±ËŸ ›‰÷̱˘fiÎ Á‰Î*√Ì T›„@÷I‰-ω¿ÎÁ ‹ÎÀı
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰÷Ì-’˛T≤ÏkÎ ’Î_¬ ¶ÎflÎ ’HÎ ÷‹Î‹ ’˛T≤Ïkα˘ ±Î›˘Ï…÷ ◊Λ »ı.
fiÎflÌfiÎ V‰Î÷_h›, V‰‹Îfi-√˙fl‰ ±fiı ÂÌ·fiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ ±Î’÷Πωω‘ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘ ¶ÎflÎ
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰÷Ì Á¤Î fi‰›˙‰fiα˘‹Î_ ‹ÒS›-ÏfiWÃÎ ºœÎ‰ı »ı.
V‰Î√÷‹˚.
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊ÎfiÌ ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfiÎ ±ı¿ ωflÎÀ ωr‹Î_ ±Î’fi_ V‰Î√÷ »ı.
›˙‰fi ±ıÀ·ı ∂Ω˝ ±fiı «ı÷fiÎfi˘ ‘Á‹Á÷˘ ’˛‰ÎË.
›˙‰fifiÌ ∂Ω˝fiÎ ±Î ’˛«_Õ ’˛‰ÎËfiı Ωı Á¿ÎflÎI‹¿ ‹Î√ı˝ ‰Î‚‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı ÷˘ ÷ı ‹Îfi‰Ω÷fiı Á¬, ÂÎ_Ï÷ ±fiı ±Îfi_ÿfiÎ ‹Î√ı˝ ·¥ Ω› »ı, fiËŸ÷fl
ωfiÎÂfiÎ ’_◊ı ·¥ Ω› »ı.
›˙‰fifiÌ ±Î „@÷±˘fiı ’Îfl¬Ìfiı, ÷ıfiı ±K›ÎI‹ ¶ÎflÎ fl«fiÎI‹¿ ÏÿÂ΋Î_ ‰Î‚‰Î ‹ËÎfi ‰ÎIÁS›‹ÒÏ÷˝ Á_÷ ⁄˛õV‰w’ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı Áfi 1952‹Î_
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi˘ ‹_√· ÿÌ’ ’˛√ÀÎT›˘. ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi˘ ±ı μΩÁ, ±Î…ı ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ Ïfil΋Î_
ωr¤fl‹Î_ ’◊flÎ¥ flè΢ »ı. ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ »hλΛΠËı ÿΛ¿Î±˘◊Ì Ï‰flÎÀ ›‰Î Á_V¿Îfl ≠T≤ÏkÎ ’fl ’˘÷Îfi_ K›Îfi ¿ı„Lƒ÷ ¿flÌ
flËı·Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ±ı¿ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿-Á΋ÎÏ…¿ Á_V◊Î »ı.
’fl⁄˛õ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı (1781-1830) ±Î…◊Ì ⁄ı ÁÿÌ ’Ëı·Î_ ±Î’ı·Î ‰ˆÏÿ¿ ÏÁ©Î_÷fiı ‰flı·Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fi_ ·Z› »ı - ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿
‹ÒS›˘ ¶ÎflÎ ‹Îfi‰ μI¿Ê˝. Á_V◊ÎfiΠωr¤flfiÎ_ ËΩfl˘ ¿ıLƒ˘‹Î_ ≠Ï÷ ‰Êı˝ ›˘Ω÷Ì ·Î¬˘ ÁIÁ_√ Á¤Î±˘ ¶ÎflÎ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿, fiˆÏ÷¿, Á΋ÎÏ…¿ ≠T≤Ïkα˘fiÌ
Áı‰Î-U≤_¬·Î ±Ï‰fl÷ «Î·÷Ì flËı »ı. ›fiÎ≥ÀıÕ fiıÂLÁ ¶ÎflÎ ≠‹ÎÏHÎ÷ ◊›ı·Ì ±Î Á_V◊Î ±fiı¿Ï‰‘ ‹Îfi‰ Áı‰Î±˘‹Î_ Ëo‹ıÂÎ_ ±√˛ıÁfl flËÌ »ı. Á_V◊ÎfiÎ
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55,000 ›‰Î V‰›_Áı‰¿˘ ¿fl˘Õ˘ ‹Îfi‰-¿·Î¿˘ ≠Ï÷‰Êı˝ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ Áı‰Î‹Î_ ±Î’ı »ı. Á_V◊ÎfiÌ ÷⁄Ì⁄Ì Áı‰Î±˘fi˘ ·Î¤ ≠Ï÷ ‰Êı˝ ’Î_« ·Î¬◊Ì ‰‘ ·˘¿˘
‹ı‚‰ı »ı.
∫B·ıLÕ◊Ì ·¥fiı ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ≠ÿı Á‘Ì T›Î’ı·Î ±z÷fi 41 ˆZÎÏHο Á_¿<·˘‹Î_ ËΩfl˘ ωzÎ◊a±˘ ±Î‘Ïfi¿÷‹ ÏÂZÎHÎ ‹ı‚‰ı »ı. Á_V◊αı ’›Î˝‰flHÎ
Áı‰Î±˘‹Î_ ’HÎ ±fiıv_ ≠ÿÎfi ±ÎM›_ »ı. ·Î¬˘ ·˘¿˘fiı T›Áfi‹@÷ ¿fl÷_ Á_V◊Îfi_ T›Áfi‹„@÷ ±Ï¤›Îfi Á÷÷ √Ï÷‹Îfi »ı. ¿E»fiÎ ¤Ò¿o’◊Ì ·¥fiı
Áfi΋ÌfiÎ …‚≠·› Á‘Ì ±fiı¿ ¿<ÿfl÷Ì ±Î’Ïkα˘‹Î_ K‰V÷ √΋˘ ÿkο ·¥fiı ÷ıfi_ ’fi—Ïfi‹Î˝HÎ ¿fl‰ÎfiÌ Áı‰Î ’HÎ Á_V◊αı ⁄Ω‰Ì »ı.
Á_V◊ÎfiÎ_ 1000 ¿fl÷Î_ ‰‘ ‹_Ïÿfl˘ ·Î¬˘ ‹‹Zα˘ ‹ÎÀı
¤Îfl÷Ì› Á_V¿ÚÏ÷ ±fiı ±K›ÎI‹fiÌ ¤Î√Ìfl◊Ì Á‹Îfi ⁄L›Î »ı. ·_ÕfifiΠωr≠ÏÁ© ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ‹_Ïÿfl◊Ì ·¥fiı ÏÿSËÌ ±fiı
√Î_‘Ìfi√fl‹Î_ fl«Î›ı·Î_ ÁÎ_V¿ÚÏ÷¿ ’ÏflÁfl ±ZÎfl‘΋ Á‘ÌfiÎ_ ±fiı¿ Á_¿<·˘ ¶ÎflÎ ·Î¬˘ ·˘¿˘ ¤Îfl÷Ì› ±„V‹÷ÎfiÌ Á‰ÎÁ ‹ÎHÎı »ı. ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fiÌ ±Î‰Ì
±fiı¿ ≠T≤Ïkα˘fiÌ ¿fl˘ÕflF…\ »ı ó ›‰Î≠T≤ÏkÎ.
±ËŸ ’˛V÷÷ »ı, ωr¤fl‹Î_ ›‰Î-ΩB≤Ï÷fiÌ ±ÎË˚·ı¿ ·√Ή÷Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î≠T≤ÏkÎfiÌ ±ı¿ {·¿.
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊Î —
±ı¿ ±Î_¿Õο̛ fi…fl...
⁄΂-›‰Î μI¿Ê˝ ¿ıLƒ˘ ● ¿<· 9,100 ⁄΂-›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎ ‹_Õ‚˘
● ’˛Ï÷‰Êı˝ 4,25,000◊Ì ‰‘ ÁÎM÷ÎÏË¿ ⁄΂-›‰Î Á¤Î±˘fi_ ±Î›˘…fi
● ’˛Ï÷‰Êı˝ ·Î¬˘ ⁄΂-›‰Î±˘‹Î_ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘ fiı Á_V¿Îflfi_ ÏÁ_«fi
ˆZÎÏHο ≠T≤Ïkα˘ ● 41 Áω‘ÎÁF… ˆZÎÏHο Á_¿·˘‹Î_ ËΩfl˘ ωzÎ◊a±˘fiı Á_V¿Îfl›@÷ ÏÂZÎHÎ
● ¿<· 5,200 ωzÎ◊a±˘fiı V¿˘·flÏÂ’ ÿÎfi
● Ïfi—ÂS¿ ˆZÎÏHο ±fiı T›‰ÁΛ·ZÎÌ ‹Î√˝ÿ½fi Á¤Î±˘fi_ ≠Ï÷‰Êı˝ ±Î›˘…fi
flÎË÷ Áı‰Î±˘● ±Î’ÏkÎ√˛V÷ ωV÷Îfl˘‹Î_ flÎË÷¿Î›˝w’ı 75 fiÒ÷fi Â΂α˘fi_ Ïfi‹Î˝HÎ
● ¿<· 25 K‰V÷ √΋˘-‰ÁÎË÷˘ ÿkο ·¥fiı ÷ıfi_ ’fi—Ïfi‹Î˝HÎ
● ¿<· 39 ’˛Î¿ÚÏ÷¿ ±Î’Ïkα˘fiÎ_ flÎË÷¿Î›˘˝ ±fiı 2,000◊Ì ‰‘ √΋ÕÎ_±˘‹Î_ flÎË÷Áı‰Î
÷⁄Ì⁄Ì Áı‰Î±˘● ¿<· 7 ±Î‘Ïfi¿÷‹ ËÎ"„V’À·˘‹Î_ ÁÎfl‰Îfl
● 11 Œfl÷Î_ ÿ‰Î¬ÎfiÎ_±˘ ¶ÎflÎ ’˛Ï÷‰Êı˝ ·Î¬˘ ÿÿa±˘fiÌ Ïfi—ÂS¿ ÁÎfl‰Îfl
● fl˘√ÏfiÿÎfi ›i΢ ±fiı fl@÷ÿÎfi ›i΢ ¶ÎflÎ ‹Îfi‰Áı‰ÎfiÌ ±Ï‰fl÷ U≤_¬·Î
±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ Áı‰Î±˘● 2,000◊Ì ‰‘ √΋˘‹Î_ ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ μI¿Ê˝ ≠T≤Ïkα˘
● ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ √΋˘‹Î_ 3,079◊Ì ‰‘ ⁄΂-›‰Î-Á_›@÷ Á¤Î±˘ ¶ÎflÎ Á_V¿Îfl ÏÁ_«fi
● ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ’Ïfl‰Îfl˘fiÌ ÂˆZÎÏHο ±fiı ÷⁄Ì⁄Ì Áı‰Î±˘fiÎ_ ωω‘ ±Î›˘…fi˘
T›Áfi ‹„@÷ ±Î_ÿ˘·fi● 36,000 ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Î ¿Î›˝¿fl˘ ¶ÎflÎ ⁄ı ωflÎÀ T›Áfi‹„@÷ ±Ï¤›Îfi˘
● 4,000 ÂËıfl˘-√΋˘‹Î_ ›˘Ω›_ T›Áfi‹„@÷ ±Ï¤›Îfi
● T›Áfi‹„@÷ ›i΢ μ’flÎ_÷ ¿<· 30,00,000◊Ì ‰‘ ·˘¿˘fiı T›Áfi‹„@÷fiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ
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’˛Ï÷¤Îω¿ÎÁ ’‰˝● »ıS·Î_ 15 ‰Ê˘˝◊Ì ’˛Ï÷ ‰Êı˝ ›‰÷̱˘fiÎ T›„@÷I‰Ï‰¿ÎÁ ‹ÎÀı ’˛Ï÷¤Îω¿ÎÁ ’‰˝
● ‰@I≤I‰, ·ı¬fi, Á̉Hο·Î, ËV÷¿·Î, flÁ˘¥¿·Î, ¿Î"QM›ÒÀfl, √Λfi-‰Îÿfi ‰√ıflıfiÌ ÷η̋
● ¿<· 3,00,000◊Ì ‰‘ ›‰÷̱˘±ı ’˛Ï÷¤Îω¿ÎÁ ’‰˝‹Î_ V‰Ïfi¤˝fl ◊‰ÎfiÌ ÷η̋ ‹ı‚‰Ì
±Ï‘‰ıÂfi˘ı ±fiı ÁIÁ_√ ÏÂZÎHÎ ’flÌZÎα˘● ¿<· 100◊Ì ‰‘ ±Î_÷flZÎıhÎÌ› ±fiı flÎWÀˇÌ› ±Ï‘‰ıÂfi˘‹Î_ ËΩfl˘ ›‰Îfi˘±ı ¤Î√ ·Ì‘˘
● ¿<· 10 ¿Î›˝¿fl ±Ï‘‰ıÂfi˘ ¶ÎflÎ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘±ı ωÂıÊ ÷η̋ ‹ı‚‰Ì
● 822 ’flÌZÎÎ ¿ıLƒ˘‹Î_ ¿<· 8,00,000◊Ì ‰‘ ’flÌZÎÎ◊a±˘±ı ÁIÁ_√ ÏÂZÎHÎ ’flÌZÎÎ ±Î’Ì
¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ …ı‹HÎı ⁄ı ÁÿÌ ’Ëı·Î_ ±ı¿ ÂÎ_÷ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ øÎ_Ï÷ ¿flÌfiı
›‰Îfi˘fiı lıWà ±Îÿ½ ’Òfl˘ ’ÎÕu˘...
¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ — ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfiÎ F›˘Ï÷‘˝fl
±Î…◊Ì ⁄ı ÁÿÌ ’Ëı·Î_ ›˙‰fifi˘ ±ı¿ lıWà ±fiı ÂÎr÷ ±Îÿ½ ’Òfl˘ ’ÎÕfiÎfl ±fiı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ±·˙Ï¿¿ T›„@÷I‰◊Ì ±ı¿ ÂÎ_÷ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ øÎ_Ï÷ ¿flfiÎfl
¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ±ıÀ·ı ±Î M≤J‰Ì ’fl ‹Îfi‰‹ÎhÎ ‹ÎÀı ¿vHÎÎfi_ ±ı¿ ÏÿT› ±‰÷flHÎ.
Áfi 1781‹Î_ fl΋fi‰‹ÌfiÎ ’ωhÎ Ïÿ‰Áı (÷Î. 3-4-1781) ±›˘K›Î ’ÎÁı »Ï’›Î √΋ı ÷ı‹fi_ ≠Î√Àu. ‹ÎhÎ ÁÎ÷ ‰Ê˝fiÌ ™‹flı ÷ı‹HÎı ‰ıÿÎÏÿ ÂÎVh΢
’fl ≠¤I‰ ‹ı‚‰Ì ·Ì‘_ Ë÷_. ÿÁ ‰Ê˝fiÌ ™‹flı ‰ÎflÎHÎÁÌ‹Î_ ±ı‹HÎı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ‹˙Ï·¿ ÷΄k‰¿ ‹÷fi_ V◊Î’fi ¿›*. ±Ï√›Îfl ‰Ê˝fiÌ ¿<‹‚Ì ‰›ı B≤ËI›Î√ ¿flÌ
±ı‹HÎı 12,000◊Ì› ‰‘ Ï¿·˘‹ÌÀflfiÌ ±Ï¬· ¤Îfl÷ ’ÿ›ÎhÎÎ ¿flÌ. 21 ‰Ê˝fiÌ ™‹flı ÷ı‹HÎı V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_’˛ÿΛ V◊Î’Ìfiı ‘‹˝≠‰÷˝fifi_ ¿Î›˝ ±Îÿ›*.
√΋˘√΋ CÎÒ‹Ìfiı ±ı‹HÎı Á‹Î…fiÌ ¤Î_√ı·Ì fiˆÏ÷¿-±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ’΂˘ Á‹ÎflÌ. T›Áfi˘, ‰Ëı‹, ±_‘l©Î ±fiı ¿<Ïfl‰ÎΩıfiÎ ’΋Î_◊Ì Á‹Î…fiı ‹@÷ ¿›˘˝.
Á‹Î…◊Ì ÷fl»˘ÕΛı·Î ±‘‹ ±fiı √flÌ⁄˘fiı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ¬˘‚ı ·Ì‘Î. Áfl‚ ‰Î÷ν·Î’‹Î_ ÷ı‹HÎı μE« ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ flËV›˘ ≠¿À ¿›Î*. ±ı‹fiÌ Ë›Î÷Ì‹Î_ … ±Á_A›
ÁÿΫÎflÌ ËÏfl¤@÷˘ ±fiı 3,000 Á_÷˘±ı ±ı‹fiı ’fl⁄˛õ ’vÊ˘k΋ ÷flÌ¿ı ±ÎflÎK›Î Ë÷Î.
‹ÎhÎ 49 ‰Ê˝fiÌ ™‹flı ÷ı‹HÎı ÿıËI›Î√ ¿›˘˝, ’˘÷ÎfiÌ √HÎÎ÷Ì÷ Á_÷’fl_’flÎ ¶ÎflÎ ÁÿΛ M≤J‰Ì ’fl ≠√À flËı‰Îfi_ ‰flÿÎfi ±ÎM›_. ±Î…ı ÷ı‹fiÎ ’Î_«‹Î
±fi√Î‹Ì ’ÒF› ≠‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ¶ÎflÎ Á˙ ÷ı‹fiÎ ÏÿT› ±„V÷I‰fiı ‹ÎHÎı »ı.
V‰Î‹ÌlÌ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ……ı ‰ÎIÁS›‹ÒÏ÷˝ Á_÷ı ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi˘ ±Îfl_¤ ¿flÌ
›‰Îfi˘fiÎ μI¿Ê˝fi˘ flÎ…‹Î√˝ ¿oÕΛ˘˝...
⁄˛õV‰w’ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ… — ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfiÎ F›˘Ï÷‘˝fl
ωfl· Á_÷I‰ ±fiı ⁄΂ÁË… Ïfiÿ˘˝Ê ’˛Ï÷¤Î ¶ÎflÎ Á˙fiÎ_ xÿ›‹Î_ ±‹ÌÀ »Î’ ’˛√ÀΉfiÎfl ‹ËÎfi Á_÷ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ… ±ıÀ·ı ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ
‰ÎIÁS›‹ÒÏ÷˝ ‹ËÎfi Á_÷; ¤√‰Îfi V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎfiÌ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ’fl_’flÎfiÎ «÷◊˝ √v‰›˝; ÁΑ÷Î, Áı‰Î ±fiı ¤„@÷fi_ ‹ÒÏ÷˝‹_÷ V‰w’. “¤√‰Îfi ÁΈfi_
¤·_ ¿fl˘” ±ı ±ı‹fi˘ ∞‰fi‹_hÎ.
⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fiÎ Á‰Î*√Ì Ï‰¿ÎÁ ‹ÎÀı ±fiı ÷ı‹fiı ÁÁ_V¿Îfl◊Ì ±·_¿Ú÷ ¿fl‰Î, ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı » ÿΛ¿Î ’Ëı·Î_ V◊Î’ı·Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.
›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎ, ±Î…ı ωr¤fl‹Î_ ‰ÀT≤ZÎfiÌ …ı‹ Œı·Î¥fiı ±fiı¿fiı ÂÌ÷‚ »Î›Î ±fiı ‹‘fl Œ‚ ±Î’Ì flËÌ »ı.
F›Î_ Á_V¿ÎflfiÌ Á‰ÎÁ ‹C΋CÎı »ı...›‰ÎÁ¤Î±˘ ¶ÎflΠωr¤fl‹Î_ ËΩfl˘ ›‰Î±˘‹Î_ Á_V¿Îfl ±fiı
±K›ÎI‹fiÌ ΩB≤Ï÷fi˘ ¤√Ìfl◊ ≠›ÎÁ...
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Á_V¿Îfl-ÏÁ_«fifiÌ √_√˘hÎÌ — ›‰ÎÁ¤Î
◆ ωr ±Î…ı Á˙◊Ì ‰‘ hÎV÷ »ı - Á_V¿Îfl ωfiÎfiÌ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌfiÎ ≠ë˘◊Ì. ±ıÀ·ı …, ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi_ ≠◊‹ ·Z› »ı - ›‰Îfi˘‹Î_ Á_V¿Îflfi_
ÏÁ_«fi.
◆ Á_V¿Îfl-ÏÁ_«fi‹Î_ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. hÎHÎ ⁄Î⁄÷˘fiı ωÂıÊ ‹Ëk‰ ±Î’ı »ı —
1. ›‰Îfi˘‹Î_ fi‹˛÷Î, ’˛Î‹ÎÏHο÷Î, «ÎÏflh›, Áı‰Î ‰√ıflı Áÿ˚√H΢fi_ ÏÁ_«fi.
2. ¤Îfl÷Ì› Á_V¿ÚÏ÷fiÌ ’fl_’flα˘, ≥Ï÷ËÎÁ ÷◊Î ‰ÎflÁÎfi_ ÏÁ_«fi ¿flÌfiı ›‰Îfi˘‹Î_ ÁÎ_V¿ÚÏ÷¿ «ı÷fiÎ ≠√ÀΉ‰Îfi˘ ≠›ÎÁ.
3. ÏfiI› ≠Î◊˝fiÎ, ÁIÁ_√, Áÿ˚‰Î_«fi ±fiı ±L› ’˛T≤Ïkα˘ ¶ÎflÎ l©Î ‰√ıflı ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘fi_ ÏÁ_«fi.
◆ Á_V¿Îfl ÏÁ_«fi ‹ÎÀı ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fi_ ‹Ëk‰fi_ ‹ÎK›‹ »ı, ›‰Î-›‰÷Ì Á¤Î. ÿfl ±Ã‰ÎÏÕ›ı Ïfi›Ï‹÷ ›˘Ω÷Ì ±Î ›‰ÎÁ¤Î ÿıÂωÿı‹Î_ ËΩfl˘
›‰¿-›‰÷̱˘ ‹ÎÀı ±ı¿ ¬Ò⁄ flÁÁ¤fl ≠T≤ÏkÎ ⁄fiÌ flËı »ı.
◆ ÷tfi Ïfi—ÂS¿ ±fiı Áı‰Î¤Î‰fiÎ◊Ì ›˘Ω÷Ì ±Î ›‰ÎÁ¤Î‹Î_ ’˛ıfl¿ T›ÎA›Îfi˘, fiÎÏÀ¿Î, ÏÕ⁄ıÀ, ’˛ë˘kÎflÌ, ’ÏflÁ_‰Îÿ, ÁÎ_V¿ÚÏ÷¿ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘, ºU›lÎT›
¿Î›˝ø‹˘, ›ÎhÎÎ-≠‰ÎÁ˘, ’˛‰«fi-¿Ì÷˝fi-V’˘À˚˝Á …ı‰Ì ωω‘ ZÎıhÎı V’‘ν±˘, ‰√ıflı ±fiı¿ flÁ≠ÿ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘ ¶ÎflÎ ›‰Îfi˘ ±ËŸ μE« ‹ÒS›˘fiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ
‹ı‚‰ı »ı.
F›Î_ ÏÂZÎHÎ-V‰ÎVJ›fiÌ ‹Î‰…÷ ◊Λ »ı±z÷fi Áω‘ÎÁF… ÏÂZÎHÎ-Á_¿<·˘ ¶ÎflÎ ±Î‘Ïfi¿ œ⁄ı
›‰Îfi˘fiÎ ÏÂZÎHÎfiÌ Á_¤Î‚...
Á_V¿Îfl›@÷ ÏÂZÎHÎfi˘ ‹ËΛiÎ
◆ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎ ›‰Îfi˘fiı Á_V¿Îfl›@÷ ÏÂZÎHÎfi˘ ‹_hÎ Â̬‰ı »ı. lıWà Á_V¿Îfl›@÷ ÏÂZÎHÎ ‹ÎÀı ¿<· 26 ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. »ÎhÎη›˘ ±fiı
15 Â΂α˘ √Ï÷‹Îfi »ı. μ’flÎ_÷, ’˛Î¿ÚÏ÷¿ ±Î’ÏkÎ√˛V÷ ωzÎ◊a±˘fiÎ ÏÂZÎHÎ ‹ÎÀı ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ¶ÎflÎ ¿<· 75 Â΂α˘fi_ Ïfi‹Î˝HÎ ¿flΛ_ »ı.
Ïfi—ÂS¿ ¿˘Ï«_√ ‰√˘˝, V¿˘·flÏÂ’ ‰√ıflı ’˛T≤Ïkα˘ ¶ÎflÎ ›‰ÎÏÂZÎHÎfiı ≠˘IÁÎËfi ±Î’‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı.
◆ ÏÂZÎHÎ μ’flÎ_÷ ωzÎ◊a±˘fiÎ V‰ÎVJ›fiÎ …÷fi ‹ÎÀı ±‰Îflfi‰Îfl ›˘Ω÷Î fl˘√ÏfiÿÎfi ›i΢ μ’flÎ_÷ ’˛ÎHÎΛ΋-›˘√ÎÁfi˘fiÌ ÷η̋ ±’Λ »ı. ÁÎ◊ı
ÁÎ◊ı ›‰Îfi˘fiı T›Áfi‹@÷, Á_›Ï‹÷, VÀˇıÁ ¡Ì ∞‰fifiÌ ’HÎ ÷η̋ ±’Λ »ı.
F›Î_ ¿·Î-¿˙ÂS› ‹Ë˘flÌ ∂Ãı »ı... L≤I›◊Ì ·¥fiı ‰@I≤I‰ Á‘Ì ±fiı¿Ï‰‘ ¿‚Î ±fiı V’˘ÀÛ˚Á‹Î_ ›‰Îfi˘
‹Ë˘flÌ ∂Ãı »ı...
¿·Î-¿˙ÂS› ±fiı V’˘À˚˝Á ¶ÎflÎ T›„@÷I‰ ω¿ÎÁ
◆ ›‰Îfi˘ ωω‘ ¿·Î±˘‹Î_ ¿˙ÂS› ‹ı‚‰ı, ¿<‚ fl‹÷‰Ìfl ⁄fiı ±fiı ÷ı‹fi_ ≠¤Î‰¿ T›„@÷I‰ ⁄fiı ÷ı ‹ÎÀı ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎ Á÷÷
≠›IfiÂÌ· flËı »ı.
◆ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ Á_V¿Îfl˘ ±fiı ‹ÒS›˘ μ’flÎ_÷ ‰@I≤I‰, √Λfi, ‰Îÿfi, Ï«hÎ, L≤I›, ±Ï¤fi› ‰√ıflı ¿·Î±˘fiÌ ÷η̋ ±Î’‰Î ‹ÎÀı ÿfl ±Ã‰ÎÏÕ›ı ›˘Ω÷Ì
›‰ÎÁ¤Î‹Î_ ¬ÎÁ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘ ›˘Ω› »ı. fl‹÷-√‹÷ ‹ÎÀı ’HΠωω‘ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘ Á÷÷ ›˘Ω÷Î flËı »ı. Á‹›Î_÷flı ÷ıfiÌ V’‘ν±˘ ’HÎ ›˘Ω÷Ì flËı »ı.
◆ ‰"¿ıÂfi ÿflQ›Îfi ÏfiWHÎÎ÷˘ ¶ÎflΠωω‘ ¿·Î±˘fiÎ ‰√˘˝fi˘ ’HÎ ·Î¤ ±Î’‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı. ’˛Ï÷ ‰Êı˝ ›˘Ω÷Î ÁÎ_V¿ÚÏ÷¿ ¿Î›˝ø‹˘fiÌ ÂÚ_¬·Î‹Î_, ›‰Îfi˘
’˘÷ÎfiÌ ¿·Îfi_ ±ÿ˚¤÷ ÿ½fi ¿flΉı »ı.
◆ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ¶ÎflÎ ›˘Ω÷ΠωflÎÀ ‹Ë˘IÁ‰˘‹Î_ ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ ¿·Îfiı ¬ÎÁ ‹_« ’Òfl˘ ’ÎՉ΋Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı, F›Î_ ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ Ï‰Ï‰‘ ’˛V÷Ï÷ Á˙fiı
’˛¤Îω÷ ¿flı »ı.
◆ ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ Â„@÷±˘fiı ¬Ì·‰‰Î ‹ÎÀı ±‰Îflfi‰Îfl ωflÎÀ ’Λı √˛ÌW‹ ›‰Î ±Ï‘‰ıÂfi˘ ›˘Ω› »ı, …ı‹Î_ ¤Î√ ·¥fiı 25,000◊Ì› ‰‘ ›‰Îfi˘
‰@I≤I‰, Á_√Ì÷, Ïfi⁄_‘·ı¬fi ‰√ıflı V’‘ν±˘‹Î_ ‹Ë˘flÌ ∂Ãı »ı.
◆ ÿfl ‰Êı˝ Ãıfl Ãıfl ›˘Ω÷Ì ›‰ÎÏÂÏ⁄fl˘ ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ iÎÎfiÿÌ’¿fiı ’˛F‰Ï·÷ flάı »ı.
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F›Î_ Áı‰ÎfiÌ ·√fiÌ ·Î√ı »ı...Á‹Î… ±fiı Á_V¿ÚÏ÷ ‹ÎÀı Á‹Ï’˝÷ ›‰Îfi˘ ±ËŸ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ Áı‰Îfi˘
«‹I¿Îfl Á…ı˝ »ı...
Áı‰Î ±fiı Á‹’˝HÎfiÌ ±ÎË˚·ı¿
◆ ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ ±’Îfl „@÷±˘fiı ‹Îfi‰Ω÷fiÌ Áı‰Î‹Î_ fl«fiÎI‹¿ ‹Î√ı˝ ‰Î‚‰ÎfiÌ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fiÌ fiı‹ »ı. √˛ÎQ› ω«flHÎ, …fiΩB≤Ï÷ ±Ï¤›Îfi˘,
T›Áfi‹„@÷ ›i΢ ‰√ıflı fl«fiÎI‹¿ ±Î›˘…fi˘ μ’flÎ_÷, Á_V¿ÚÏ÷fiÎ_ ÁfiÎ÷fi ‹ÒS›˘fi_ ’˛‰÷˝fi ±fiı …÷fi ¿fl‰Î‹Î_ ’HÎ ±Î ›‰Îfi˘ ’˘÷ÎfiÌ Â„@÷±˘fi_
lıWà ≠ÿÎfi ±Î’ı »ı.
◆ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ¶ÎflÎ ‹Îfi‰Áı‰ÎfiÎ_ ¿Î›˘˝fiÌ ’HÎ ±Ï‰fl÷ ËÎfl‹Î‚Î «Î·÷Ì flËı »ı. ¤Ò¿o’, ÿW¿Î‚, ±Ï÷T≤„WÀ, ‰Î‰Î{˘Õ<_, ÁfiÎ‹Ì ‰√ıflı ±Î’Ïkα˘‹Î_
ωflÎÀ ’Λı ±Î›˘Ï…÷ ◊÷Î_ Áı‰Î¿Î›˘˝‹Î_ ›‰Îfi˘ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝¤Î‰ı ΩıÕΛ »ı. T≤ZÎÎfl˘’HÎ◊Ì ·¥fiı fi‰Ì ’ıœÌ‹Î_ Á_V¿Îfl-fl˘’HÎ ‹ÎÀı ›‰Îfi˘ Á‹›, „@÷,
Á_’ÏkÎfi_ Á‹’˝HÎ ¿flı »ı.
F›Î_ ’»Î÷fi˘› μI¿Ê˝ »ı...ÁıÓ¿Õ˘ ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ √΋ÕÎ_±˘‹Î_ ›‰Î≠T≤ÏkÎ ¶ÎflÎ ›‰Îfi˘
∞‰fiCÎÕ÷flfiÎ ’Îà Â̬ı »ı...
±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ Á‰Î*√Ì μI¿Ê˝fi_ ·Z›
◆ ÿÎÿflÎ fi√flˉı·Ì, ‘fl‹’fl, ÕÎ_√-±ÎˉÎ, ’_«‹Ëη, fi‹˝ÿÎ ¿Î_ÃÎfiΠωV÷Îfl˘, ÁÎ⁄fl¿Î_ÃÎ ‰√ıflı Ï…S·Î±˘ ±fiı ≠ÿı¢‹Î_ ‰Á÷Î ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ
›‰Îfi˘fiÎ Á‰Î*√Ì Ï‰¿ÎÁ ‹ÎÀı ’HÎ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ¶ÎflΠωω‘ ±Î›˘…fi˘ √Ï÷‹Îfi flËı »ı.
1. ˆZÎÏHο μI¿Ê˝ — ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ Ï‰zÎ◊a±˘ μE« ÏÂZÎHÎ ’΋ı ÷ı ‹ÎÀı Á_V◊αı Â΂α˘, »ÎhÎη›˘, √v¿<‚˘ ‰√ıflı fl«Ìfiı Á_ÿfl ÏÂZÎHÎ-ÁÏÔ‰‘α˘
’ÒflÌ ’ÎÕÌ »ı.
2. V‰ÎVJ› Á_¤Î‚ — Ïfi›Ï‹÷ ±_÷flı 11 ‹˘⁄Î¥· ÿ‰Î¬ÎfiÎ_±˘ √΋Õı √΋Õı ŒflÌfiı ’»Î÷ ΩÏ÷±˘fiÎ_ ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fiÌ V‰ÎVJ› Á_¤Î‚ ·ı »ı.
3. Á_V¿Îfl ÏÁ_«fi — ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ›‰Îfi˘‹Î_ Á_V¿Îflfi_ ÏÁ_«fi ¿fl‰Î ‹ÎÀı Á‹Ï’˝÷ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘ ¶ÎflÎ ›‰ÎÁ¤Î±˘fi_ Á_«Î·fi ◊¥ flèÎ_ »ı. ÂflÎ⁄ ‰√ıflı T›Áfi˘
±fiı ÏËoÁΫÎfl◊Ì ‹@÷ ¿flÌfiı ÷ı‹fiı ’ωhÎ÷Î, V‰E»÷Î, Ïfi›Ï‹÷÷Î, Áı‰Î, l©Î ‰√ıflı Áÿ˚√H΢◊Ì ±·_¿Ú÷ ¿fl‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı. ±_‘l©Î, ‰Ëı‹ ±fiı
¿<Ïfl‰ÎΩı◊Ì ‹@÷ ¿flÌfiı ÷ı‹fiı Ïfi¤˝› ±fiı Ïfiç· ⁄fiΉ‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı.
4. T›„@÷I‰ ω¿ÎÁ — ±‰Îflfi‰Îfl ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ›‰Î-±Ï‘‰ıÂfi˘ ›˘…‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı. ±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁÌ ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ_ L≤I›˘, fiÎÏÀ¿Î±˘, ‰¿I≤I‰ V’‘ν±˘, ‹¬’ÎÃ
V’‘ν±˘ ‰√ıflı ¶ÎflÎ ÷ı‹fiÌ ’fl_’flα˘ ±fiı ¿·Î±˘fiı ≠˘IÁÎËfi ±Î’‰Î‹Î_ ±Î‰ı »ı.
F›Î_ ›‰Î fiıI≤I‰ ¬Ì·Ì ∂Ãı »ı... »ıS·Î_ 60 ‰Ê˘˝◊Ì ËΩfl˘ Á‹Ï’˝÷ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘fi_
±‹ÒS› ±fiı ±Ï‰V‹flHÎÌ› ≠ÿÎfi
Á‹Ï’˝÷ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘fiÌ ±Ï‰fl÷ Áı‰Î±˘
◆ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊ÎfiÌ Ï‰rT›Î’Ì ›‰Î-≠T≤ÏkÎfiÌ ¿fl˘ÕflF…\ »ı — Á‹Ï’˝÷ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘ ±fiı Á_÷˘.
◆ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝¤Î‰ı Áı‰Î ¿fl÷Î ËΩfl˘ ›‰Î ¿Î›˝¿fl˘ ÿfl ‰Êı˝ ¿fl˘Õ˘ ‹Îfi‰¿·Î¿˘ ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ Á_V¿Îfl-…÷fi ±fiı ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘fiÎ ’˛‰÷˝fi ‹ÎÀı ŒÎ‚‰ı
»ı. ›‰Î Á¤Î±˘fiÎ Á_«Î·fi μ’flÎ_÷ ÷ı±˘ ›‰Îfi˘ ‹ÎÀı T›„@÷√÷ Á‹› ¿ÎœÌfiı ÷ı‹fiı Á_V¿Îfl, ÏÂZÎHÎ ±fiı ¿·Î¿˙ÂS›fiÌ Ï‰Ï‰‘ ÷η̋ ‹ÎÀı
’vÊÎ◊˝-fl÷ flËı »ı.
◆ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘fiÌ μk΋ Z΋÷Πω¿ÁΉ‰Î ≠Ï÷ ‰Êı˝ ¿Î›˝¿fl ÷η̋ ÏÂÏ⁄fl˘, ¿Î›˝¿fl ω«flHÎ, ¿Î›˝¿fl ±Ï‘‰ıÂfi ‰√ıflı ±Î›˘…fi˘ Á÷÷ √Ï÷‹Îfi flËı
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»ı. fiıI≤I‰◊Ì ·¥fiı ±K›ÎI‹ Á‘ÌfiÎ ±fiı ›‰Î-‹fi˘Ï‰iÎÎfi◊Ì ·¥fiı ÁÎ_V¿ÚÏ÷¿ ±„V‹÷Î Á‘ÌfiÎ ±fiı¿ ωʛ˘ ’fl ÷ı‹fiı lıWà ‹Î√˝ÿ½fi ±Î’‰Î‹Î_
±Î‰ı »ı.
ωr¤fl‹Î_ ›‰Î≠T≤ÏkÎfiÎ Á_›˘…fi ‹ÎÀı ¿Î›˝¿fl˘fiı ‹Î√˝ÿ½fi ±Î’÷Î_ “fiÌ·¿oÔ, “ÁËΩfi_ÿ Á‘Δ ±fiı “Á‰ÎÏÁfiÌ” fi΋fiÎ_ Á΋ϛ¿˘ ’HÎ ≠¿ÎÏÂ÷
◊Λ »ı.
◆ Á΋ÎÏ…¿-’ÎÏfl‰ÎÏfl¿ …‰Î⁄ÿÎfḻ˘ ‰E«ı ⁄΂-›‰Î-Á_›@÷ ÁIÁ_√‹_Õ‚˘‹Î_ Áı‰Î ±Î’÷Î ±Î Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ ¿Î›˝¿fl˘, ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfi_ ±ı¿
√˙fl‰¤›* Á‰HνM≤Wà »ı.
F›Î_ Á_÷fiÌ VfiıË· √_√Î ‰Ëı »ı...≠‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ VfiıËfiÌ √_√Î ·Î¬˘ ›‰Îfi˘fiÎ_
∞‰fi ÁÎ◊˝¿ ¿flı »ı...
⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. ›‰Î≠T≤ÏkÎfi_ ≠ıfl¿⁄‚ »ı -
ωr‰_ÿfiÌ› Á_÷ ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ≠‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ….
±ı‹fiÎ Ïfi‹˝‚ T›„@÷I‰‹Î_ Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ VfiıËfi˘ ±ı¿ Ωÿ »ı. ±Á_A› ›‰Îfi˘fiı ±ı‹HÎı «ÎèÎÎ »ı - ±ı¿ …fiı÷ÎfiÌ …ı‹, ±ı¿ Ï’÷ÎfiÌ …ı‹, ±ı¿ Ï‹hÎfiÌ
…ı‹. ÷ı‹HÎı ·Î¬˘ ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ ∞‰fifi˙¿Îfiı ÁÎ«Ì ÏÿÂÎ ±Î’Ì »ı, T›Áfi˘‹Î_ √‚ÎÕ>⁄ Õ>⁄ı·Î ›‰Îfi˘fiı T›Áfi‹@÷ ¿›Î˝ »ı, ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ T≤ÏkÎ ’fl Á_›‹fi˘
⁄_‘ ⁄Î_‘Ì ÷ı‹fiÌ ±Î_÷Ïfl¿ „@÷fiı ¬Ì·‰Ì »ı, Á_V¿ÚÏ÷fiÎ_ ‹ÒS›˘ ÷ı‹fiÎ_ ˈ›ı ºœÎT›Î_ »ı, ÷ı‹fiÎ ’˛ë˘fiı μ¿ı·Ì ÁΫ˘ flÎË ±ÎM›˘ »ı. ±ı¿ ±ı¿ ›‰Îfifiı
T›„@÷√÷ ‹‚Ìfiı V‰Î‹Ìḻı ÷ı‹fiı l©ÎÂÌ·, «ÎÏflh›ÂÌ·, ¿÷˝T›ÏfiWà ±fiı ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘◊Ì Á¤fl ⁄fiÎT›Î »ı.
±ı‹fiÌ VfiıˤflÌ ±ı¿ fi…fl◊Ì ËΩfl˘ ›‰Îfi˘ ±K›ÎI‹fiÎ_ Á˘’Îfi˘ «œ‰Î ∞‰fi Á‹Ï’˝÷ ¿flı »ı.
±ÎÏÿ‰ÎÁ̱˘◊Ì ·¥fiı ±‹ıÏfl¿Î‰ÎÁ̱˘ Á‘Ì V‰Î‹Ìḻı ÁÿΫÎflÌ ›‰Îfi˘fi˘ ±ı¿ ±ı‰˘ Á‹Î… ÷ˆ›Îfl ¿›˘˝ »ı, …ı ωr‹Î_ ±fiı¿ ‹ÎÀı ÿ̉ÎÿÎ_ÕÌ Á‹Îfi
⁄L›˘ »ı. V‰Î‹ÌlÌfiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ◊Ì ¤Îfl÷ μ’flÎ_÷ ±ÎÏ¡¿Î, ±‹ıÏfl¿Î, ¿ıfiıÕÎ, ∫B·ıLÕ, ±˘VÀˇıÏ·›Î, L›Ò{Ì·ıLÕ ‰√ıflı ±fiı¿ ÿı¢‹Î_, ¤Îfl÷Ì› Á_V¿ÚÏ÷fiÌ
±„V‹÷Î ÁÎ◊ı, ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fiÎ ·Î¬˘ ›‰Îfi˘ ¿ÏÀ⁄© »ı - ’˛ıfl¿ ‹ÒS›˘fiÎ ’˛‰÷˝fi ‹ÎÀı.
›‰Îfi˘fiΠˈ›ı ±fiı¿ ‹ËÎfi ¿Î›˘˝fiÎ_ ⁄Ì… V‰Î‹Ìḻı Ïfi—V‰Î◊˝ VfiıË◊Ì ‰ÎT›Î_ »ı. ±fiı ±ı ‹ÎÀı V‰Î‹Ìḻı ›‰Îfi˘fiı ’˘÷Îfi_ Á‰˝V‰ ±ÎM›_ »ı.
(3)
±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊¥±ı, ’fl‹ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿fiı Á_√
Become Ekantik, Through Associationwith the Param Ekantik
±±‹‹ııÏÏflfl¿¿ÎÎfifiÌÌ ‘‘flfl÷÷ÌÌ ’’flfl ËËΩΩflfl˘̆ ››‰‰ÎÎfifi˘̆fifi˘̆ ±±KK››ÎÎII‹‹ flflHHÎο¿ÎÎflfl
±±ıı¿¿ÎÎ__ÏÏ÷÷¿¿ ◊◊¥¥±±ıı,, ’’flfl‹‹ ±±ıı¿¿ÎÎ__ÏÏ÷÷¿¿fifiıı ÁÁ__√√
’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ±ÎÂÌ‰Î˝ÿ◊Ì ±‹ıÏfl¿Î‹Î_ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.fiÌ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌfi_ fiıÂfi· ¿L‰ıLÂfi
¤Îfl÷Ì› Á_V¿ÚÏ÷ ±ı¿ ±K›ÎI‹ ’˛‘Îfi Á_V¿ÚÏ÷ »ı. ±ËŸ …L‹◊Ì ·¥fiı Q≤I› Á‘Ì ∞‰fifiÎ ’˛I›ı¿ ’√Ï◊›ı ±K›ÎI‹fiÌ Á‰ÎÁ Œı·Î›ı·Ì flËÌ
»ı. Á_V¿Îfl ±ı ±Î Á_V¿ÚÏ÷fiÎ ·˘ËÌ‹Î_ ‰HÎΛı·_ ’ωhÎ flÁΛHÎ »ı. ±ıÀ·ı ±ËŸ ¿˘¥’HÎ T›„@÷fiÌ Ï¿_‹÷ ±K›ÎI‹ ±fiı Á_V¿ÎflfiÎ hÎÎ…‰ı ÷˘·Ìfiı
¿flΛ »ı.
±K›ÎI‹ ±fiı ’ωhÎ Á_V¿Îfl˘fiÌ μE« ¤ÒÏ‹¿Î ’fl ‹fiW› ’ˢӫı ÷˘ ÷ı lıWà ±Îfi_ÿ ±fiı Á¬fi˘ ±Ï‘¿ÎflÌ ⁄fiı »ı. ±ı fiyfl ÁI› Á˙ ËΩfl˘
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‰Ê˘˝◊Ì ±fi¤‰÷Î ±ÎT›Î »ı. ±ıÀ·ı … ±K›ÎI‹ ±fiı ’ωhÎ Á_V¿Îfl˘fiÌ ›√ı ›√ı ’˛ıflHÎÎ ±Î’‰Î ‹ÎÀı ‹ËÎfi ±Î«Î›˘˝±ı Á‹›ı Á‹›ı ‹Î√˝ÿ½fi
’HÎ ±ÎM›_ »ı. ¿˘¥¿ı ±K›ÎI‹fiÌ μE« ¤ÒÏ‹¿Î ’fl …‰Î ‹ÎÀı iÎÎfifiı ‹Ëk‰fi_ √H›_ »ı. ÷˘ ¿˘¥¿ı ¤„@÷fiı ÁωÂıÊ ‹Ëk‰ ±ÎM›_ »ı. ¿˘¥¿ı iÎÎfi
±fiı ¤„@÷fiı √˙HÎ ¿flÌfiı ‰ˆflÎB› ’fl ¤Îfl ‹Ò@›˘ »ı. ±fiı ¿˘¥¿ı ÁÿΫÎflw’Ì ‘‹˝ ’fl ÁωÂıÊ ¤Îfl ‹Ò@›˘ »ı. ÿflı¿ı ¿Âοfiı √˙HÎ √H›_ ±fiı
¿Âοfiı ‹Ëk‰fi_ √H›_.
’fl_÷ ’fl⁄˛õ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿÷ÎfiÌ Á‰˝lıWà ¿ZÎαı ’ˢӫ‰Î ‹ÎÀı ±ı‰˘ I›Î√-¤Î√ fi ¿›˘˝. ±ı‹HÎı ±ı ⁄‘Îfi˘
Á‹L‰› ÁΑÌfiı ±ı¿ Á‰Î*√ Á_’ÒHν ±ı‰˘ ‹Î√˝ «ŸK›˘. ÷ıfi_ fi΋ ±ÎM›_ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝. Áÿ˚Ô√v ÏfiW¿<‚Îfi_ÿ V‰Î‹Ì ±ıÀ·ı … ¤√‰Îfi
V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎfiı “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝ Á_V◊Î’¿” ±fiı “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝ ’˛‰÷˝¿” Ï⁄vÿ ±Î’Ìfiı ‰_ÿfi ¿flı »ı. ±Î ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝ ±ıÀ·ı ±Î…ı …ıfiı ±Î’HÎı
“ÏflÏ·Ï…›fi” ÷flÌ¿ı ±˘‚¬Ì±ı »Ì±ı ±ı‰˘ ¿˘¥ ‘‹˝ fiËŸ. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝ ±ıÀ·ı ÷˘ Á‰˝ Áÿ˚Ô√H΢fi˘ ±ı¿ ±ı‰˘ Á‹L‰›, …ı ‹ÎHÎÁı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ
∞‰fi‹Î_ ÁοÎfl ¿fl‰Îfi˘ »ı. …ıfiÎ ∞‰fi‹Î_ ±ı Áÿ˚Ô√H΢ ÏÁ© ◊Λ ÷ıfiı ¤√‰Îfi V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿” ¿ËÌfiı Ï⁄flÿÎT›Î »ı. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ±ıÀ·ı
±ı¿ μE« ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ∞‰fi. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ±ıÀ·ı ’fl‹ÎI‹Îfi˘ Ï’˛› ±fiı Á‰˘˝k΋ ¤@÷, Áı‰¿. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ±ıÀ·ı Á‰˘˝k΋ T›„@÷I‰.
±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿fiÎ ∞‰fi‹Î_ ’ΛÎfiÌ ¿¥ ¿¥ ⁄Î⁄÷˘ ˢ‰Ì Ωı¥±ı ? ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ‰«fiÎQ≤÷‹Î_ ÷ı ±_√ı ¬Ò⁄ Á_ÿfl V’WÀ÷Î ¿flÌ »ı.
‰«fiÎQ≤÷‹Î_ ÷ı‹HÎı ÁÿΫÎflw’Ì ‘‹˝, ±ÎI‹Î-’fl‹ÎI‹Îfi_ iÎÎfi, ºœ ‰ˆflÎB› ±fiı ¤√‰ÎfifiÌ ‹ÎËÎIQ› ÁÏË÷ ÏfiW¿Î‹ ¤„@÷ - ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿fiÎ
∞‰fi‹Î_ ±ı «Îfl ‹Ëk‰fiÎ V÷_¤˘ √HÎÎT›Î »ı. (‰«fiÎQ≤÷ √œÕÎ ’˛◊‹ 21) ±fiı ±Î «Îflı›fi_ ·Z› ’fl‹ÎI‹ÎfiÌ ’˛Î„MÔ÷ ÿÂν‰ı »ı.
±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÂOÿfi˘ ±◊˝ … ±ı‹ ÿÂν‰ı »ı ¿ı, …ıfiÎ ∞‰fi‹Î_ ±ı¿ ‹ÎhÎ ’fl‹ÎI‹Îfi_ … ±_Ï÷‹ V◊Îfi »ı ±ı ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ±ıÀ·ı …ıfiı ‹ÎÀı
’fl‹ÎI‹Î … ±ı¿ ±fiı ±ı¿ ‹ÎhÎ ±Îl›V◊Îfi »ı ±ı‰˘ ¤@÷.
Ωı ¿ı ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÂOÿfi˘ ’˛›˘√ ’˛Î«Ìfi ¤Îfl÷Ì› ÂÎVÔh΢‹Î_ »^À˘ »‰Î›˘ Ωı‰Î ‹‚ı »ı. ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÂOÿfi˘ Á˙◊Ì ’˛Î«Ìfi Ïfiÿı˝Â ’Î_«flÎhÎ
±Î√‹˘‹Î_ …›ÎA› ÁÏË÷΋Î_ ’˛ÎMÔ÷ ◊Λ »ı. I›Îfl◊Ì ·¥fiı V¿oÿ’flÎH΢fiÎ ‰ˆWHΉ ¬_Õ‹Î_ ±Î‰ı·Î ‰ÎÁÿı‰ ‹ÎËÎIQ› ‰√ıflı √˛_◊˘‹Î_ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ωÂı
@›Î_¿ ¿ÂÌ¿ ‰Î÷˘ ’ÕCÎÎ÷Ì flËÌ »ı. ’fl_÷ ±ı ⁄‘Î ‰E«ı ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ÷ıfiÌ …ı «˘¬‰À ¿flÌ »ı ÷ı ±Ï¶÷Ì› »ı.
’fl⁄˛õ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ±ı‰Î ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊‰Îfi_ ·Z› ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ÷‹Î‹ ¤@÷˘fiı ±ÎM›_ ±fiı Á‹ΩT›_ ¿ı, ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ fiËŸ ◊α˘ I›Î_
Á‘Ì ‹„@÷ fiËŸ ’‹Î› ±fiı ±ZÎfl‘΋‹Î_ fiËŸ ’ˢӫΛ. ±ıÀ·_ … fiËŸ, ÷ı‹HÎı ¬Ò⁄ ¤Îfl’Ò‰˝¿ ¿èÎ_ ¿ı, ¿˘¥ ’HÎ ‹‹ZÎ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊‰Î ≥E»÷˘
ˢ› ÷˘ ÷ı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ⁄‚ı @›Îflı› ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊¥ ¿Âı fiËŸ. ±ı‹HÎı ¿èÎ_ ¿ı ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÁI’vÊ ◊¿Ì … ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊‰Î› »ı. (‰«fiÎQ≤÷ √œÕÎ ’˛◊‹
47, 60)
±ı ‹ÎÀı ÷ı‹HÎı ±ı‰Î ’fl‹ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÁI’vÊfiÌ ’fl_’flÎ ±Î M≤J‰Ì ’fl ±Î… ’›*÷ ∞‰_÷ flÎ¬Ì »ı. ±ı‰Î ‹ËÎfi ÁI’vÊ Ï‰fiÎ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝fi_
±„V÷I‰ ±Á_¤Ï‰÷ »ı.
±Î…fiÎ ¤˙Ï÷¿ ›√‹Î_ ’HÎ ±ı‰Î ÁI’vÊ … ±Î ‰Á_‘flÎ ’fl ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝fiı ∞‰_÷ flάı »ı.
±ı‰Î ’fl‹ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ÁI’vÊ Ï‰r‰_ÿfiÌ› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ±ı‰˘ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ‘‹˝ ±Î… ’›*÷ ±Á_A› ·˘¿˘fiÎ ∞‰fi‹Î_ ÁοÎfl ¿›˘˝ »ı.
±ıÀ·_ … fiËŸ ±fiı¿ ·˘¿˘fiÎ xÿ›‹Î_ ±ı ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ’ÿ Á‘Ì ’ˢӫ‰Îfi_ ±ı¿ ‹ËÎfi K›ı› fl˘M›_ »ı.
÷ıfi_ ±ı¿ lıWà μÿÎËflHÎ ±ıÀ·ı ÷Î…ı÷fl‹Î_ … ±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ ¤˘√‰ÎÿÌ ‘fl÷Ì ’fl ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊Î ¶ÎflÎ ›˘Ω¥ √›ı· ±ı¿
±ÿ˚Ô¤÷, ±Ï‰V‹flHÎÌ›, ±fiL› ±‰Áfl — ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. fiıÂfi· ¿L‰ıLÂfi - 2013.
±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ ¤˘√‰ÎÿÌ ‘fl÷Ì ’fl ’HÎ ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ◊Ì μE« ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ K›ı› ÁÎ◊ı ∂»flÌ flËı·Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ.
V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊ÎfiÌ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌfi_ ±ı ±¤Ò÷’Ò‰˝ Á_‹ı·fi Ë÷_. ’fl⁄˛õ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ±Î’ı·Î “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿” ◊‰ÎfiÎ ·Z›fiı ‰Ÿ‘‰Î
‹ÎÀı ¤˙Ï÷¿÷Î fiı ±K›ÎI‹fiÎ hÎÎ…‰Î ’fl ∂¤Î flËÌfiı ±ËŸ ËΩfl˘ ±…\˝fi˘ ±ı¿ÏhÎ÷ ◊›Î Ë÷Î. ±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ ‘fl÷Ì ’fl ±Î… Á‘Ì‹Î_ ÏËLÿ
⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fi_ ±Î Á˙◊Ì ‹˘À<_ Á_‹ı·fi Ë÷_. ¿<· 9,000 …ıÀ·Î ⁄΂¿˘-Ï¿Â˘fl˘-›‰Îfi˘ ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ‹_Ïÿfl - ±ıÀ·ÎLÀÎ
¬Î÷ı ±Î Á_‹ı·fi‹Î_ ±ı¿ÏhÎ÷ ◊›Î I›Îflı μ’ÏfiÊÿÔ˚¿Î·Ìfi ËΩfl˘ ∑ÏÊ¿<‹Îfl˘ ∂÷flÌ ±ÎT›Î ˢ› ÷ı‰_ ±ÿ˚Ô¤÷ ºU› ÁΩ˝›_ Ë÷_. ±ËŸ ‹ÎhÎ Q≤I›
’»ÌfiÎ ‹˘ZÎfiÌ ‰Î÷˘ fi Ë÷Ì, ±ËŸ fl˘…⁄fl˘… ∞‰Î÷Î ∞‰fifiÌ ±ı‰Ì ±ÿ˚Ô¤÷ ’˛ıfl¿ ‰Î÷˘ Ë÷Ì …ı Á˙fiÎ_ ˈ›Îfiı «˘À ·√ÎÕÌ ÿı ÷ı‰Ì Ë÷Ì. ÷Î.
4 …\·Î¥ ◊Ì 15 …\·Î¥ 2013 ÿflQ›Îfi ⁄΂-⁄ÎÏ·¿Î±˘, Ï¿Â˘fl-Ï¿Â˘fḻ˘, ›‰¿-›‰÷̱˘ - ±ı‹ hÎHÎ ÷⁄y΋Î_ ›˘Ω¥ √›ı·Î ±Î
¿L‰ıLÂfifi_ ¿ı„Lƒ› ÁÒhÎ … Ë÷_ - “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊¥±ı, ‹Îv_ ∞‰fi V‰Î‹ÌlÌfiı Á_√.”
Á÷÷ ÿÁ-⁄Îfl Ïÿ‰Á Á‘Ì ±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌfiı …¿ÕÌ flÎ¬Ì Â¿ı, ±ıÀ·_ … fiËŸ, ÷ı‹fiı Á÷÷ xÿ› V’Âa Á_ÿı ‹‚÷˘ flËı ±ı‰Î
¿Î›˝ø‹˘fiÌ ±ËŸ ¤fl‹Îfl Ë÷Ì. ±ËŸ T›„@÷√÷ ’˛ffi˘◊Ì ·¥fiı ’ÎÏfl‰ÎÏfl¿ ’˛ffi˘fiÌ ¨ÕÌ ±fiı ÷·V’Âa »HÎΉÀ Ë÷Ì. ±ËŸ ¬Ò⁄ ·Î√HÎÌÂÌ·
±fiı Ïÿ·‘Õ¿ «˘ÀÿÎfl ’˛Á_√˘fiÌ ∞‰_÷÷Î Ë÷Ì. ±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ ‘fl÷Ìfi_ ’ÎHÎÌ ’Ìfiı ∂»flı·Î_ fiÎfiÎ_-fiÎfiÎ_ ¤Ò·¿Î_±˘, Ï¿Â˘fl˘, ›‰Îfi˘±ı ’˘÷ÎfiÎ
‹˘œı◊Ì ‹_« ’fl «œÌfiı ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘fiÌ ºœ ωrÎÁ ÁÎ◊ı »ÀÎÿÎfl fl…^±Î÷˘ ¿flÌ I›Îflı ‹˘ÀÎ-‹˘Àα˘ ÿo√ flËÌ √›Î. ±ı ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fiÌ
‰Î÷‹Î_ ¬‹ÎflÌ Ë÷Ì, ±ı‹fiÌ ‰Î÷‹Î_ ÿ‹ Ë÷˘, ±ı ‰Î÷˘‹Î_ ‰ÎV÷ω¿÷Î Ë÷Ì, ±fiı Á˙◊Ì Ï‰ÂıÊ ÷˘ ±ı Á˙fiÎ_ ’˛ÎHÎM›ÎflÎ ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…
’˛I›ıfiÌ ±fiËÿ ’˛ÌÏ÷ ±fiı ’˛÷ÌÏ÷ »·¿Î÷Ì Ë÷Ì. ±ıÀ·ı ±ËŸ Á˙ ¿˘¥±ı ±ı¿ …\ÿÌ … ∂Ω˝fi˘ ±fi¤‰ ¿›˘˝. ±Î ¿L‰ıLÂfi‹Î_ ’fl‹ ’ÒF›
’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ’˛I›ZÎ μ’„V◊÷ fiˢ÷Î, ±Î‹ »÷Î_ ±ı ËΩfl˘ ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fi˘ ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ’˛I›ıfi˘ ±ÿ˚Ô¤÷ ’˛ı‹ ±ı ¿ZÎÎfi˘
Ë÷˘ ¿ı ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ… ÏÿT› ÿıËı I›Î_ Á˙ˆfiı ±fi¤‰Î÷Î Ë÷Î.
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±Î Á_‹ı·fiı Á˙fiı ¬Ò⁄ ’˛¤Îω÷ ¿›Î˝. ±‹ıÏfl¿ÎfiÌ ‘fl÷Ì ’fl ±Î‰_ Á_‹ı·fi ›˘…‰_ ÷ı ±ı¿ «‹I¿Îfl ¿ı ÏÁÏ© ·ı¬Ì ¿Λ.
±ı¿ ÷flŒ ωr Á‹V÷ ‹ÎÀı ±Î…fiÌ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌ ±ı¿ Ï«_÷Î…fi¿ Á‹V›Î ⁄fiÌ »ı. Ïÿ‰Áı fiı Ïÿ‰Áı ›‰Îfi˘fiÌ Á‹V›Î±˘fi˘ ’˛¤Î‰ Á‹V÷
‹Îfi‰Ω÷fiı ‰‘Îflı fiı ‰‘Îflı ‹Ò_{‰Ì flè΢ »ı. ±ı‰Î Á‹›ı ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ’˛ıflHÎÎ◊Ì ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊Î
¶ÎflÎ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌfiÎ ±Î μE« ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ CÎÕ÷flfi_ ±ı¿ μk΋ ¿Î›˝ Á˙fiı ¬Ò⁄ ’˛¤Îω÷ ¿flÌ flèÎ_ »ı.
±Î…◊Ì 60 ‰Ê˝ ’Ëı·Î_ ⁄˛õV‰w’ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ⁄Ì.±ı.’Ì.±ıÁ. V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ Á_V◊ÎfiÌ ⁄΂ ±fiı ›‰Î’˛T≤ÏkÎfiÎ_ ⁄Ì… fl˘M›Î_, I›Îflı
¿ıÀ·Î›fiı ‹fi ±Î ’˛T≤ÏkÎ ÁΉ fi√H› - ÷E» Ë÷Ì. ’fl_÷ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…ı ±ı¿ ‹ËÎfi V‰MÔfi ÁıT›_ Ë÷_ - ÷ıfiΠωrT›Î’Ì ‰ÀT≤ZÎfi_. ÷ı±˘ CÎHÎÌ
‰¬÷ ›‰Îfi˘ Á‹ZÎ ΩËıfl‹Î_ ’˘÷ÎfiÎ ¤T› Á_¿S’˘ ’˛V÷÷ ¿fl÷Î ¿Ëı÷Î — ±Î’HÎı ±‹ıÏfl¿Î, ∫B·"LÕ, ›fl˘’, ±ÎÏÔÔ¡¿Î, flÏ›Π±ı‹ ⁄‘ı ›‰¿
‹_Õ‚˘ V◊Î’‰Î_ »ı. ⁄‘ı Á_V¿ÎflÌ ›‰¿˘ ÷ˆ›Îfl ¿fl‰Î »ı. ±ı¿ ÏfiV‰Î◊˝ ‹ËÎ’vÊfi_ …√÷fiı ‹ÎÀı ¿S›ÎHοÎflÌ ±Î V‰MÔfi Ë÷_. Ωı¿ı ÷ı Á‹›fiÌ
’Ïfl„V◊Ï÷ ±ı‰Ì Ë÷Ì ¿ı CÎHÎÎfiı ÷ı‹fiÌ ±ı ‰Î÷˘ ‹ÎhÎ ’˛˘IÁÎËfi ¬Î÷fl ·Î√÷Ì. ’fl_÷, ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ… ÷˘ ±ÎÊ˝ƒWÀÎ ‹ËÎ’vÊ Ë÷Î. ÷ı‹HÎı ±ı¿
Ï«fl_÷fi Á‹› Á‘Ìfi_ ‹ËÎfi V‰MÔfi ω«Î›* Ë÷_. ±fiı ±Î…ı ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ÁÎ_ÏfiK›‹Î_ ±ı V‰MÔfi ÁοÎfl ◊›_ »ı. ›˘√Ì∞
‹ËÎflÎ… 1958‹Î_ ±P›ÎÁ ‹ÎÀı ±‹ıÏfl¿Î √›ı·Î fi‰›‰Îfi ‹¿<_ÿ¤Î¥ ’Àı· ±fiı lÌ ‰fiflÎ… ‹Ëı÷Îfiı ±‹ıÏfl¿Î‹Î_ ›‰¿‹_Õ‚ V◊Î’‰Îfi˘ ±ÎÿıÂ
±Î’÷Î_ ’h΋Î_ ·¬÷Î —
“÷‹˘ ±ı‰_ (›‰¿) ‹_Õ‚ V◊Î’˘ …ı ËΩfl˘ ‹ÎHÎÁ˘ ÁIÁ_√‹Î_ ±Î‰ı. ˉı ÷‹˘ I›Î_ »˘ ÷˘ ˉı ›‰¿ ‹_Õ‚ V◊Î’˘. ÷ı ◊¥ ΩÂı.”
“÷‹˘ ˉı ÷ı ¿Î‹ ¿fl¢. 51 ›‰¿˘ ¿fl¢. ÏËLÿ¤Î¥ I›Î_ ±Î’HÎÎ CÎHÎÎ … »ı. ÷˘ ⁄‘Îfiı ¢‘Ìfiı ‹‚‰_. ÷˘ ¬À¿˘ flά‰˘. flÎhÎı Á√‰Õı
‰«fiÎQ≤÷fiÌ ¿◊Î ¿fl‰Ì. ÷˘ iÎÎfi ◊Âı... ±I›Îflı V‰Î‹ÌfiÎflΛHÎfiı ≠÷Î’ı ÁIÁ_√fi˘ ‰Î‰À˘ ÁÎfl˘ «Õu˘ »ı. ÷ı ‰Î‰À˘ ›‰¿˘ ÿ‰Îflı ◊‰Îfi˘ »ı.”
I›Îflı ¿˘¥fiı ¿S’fiÎ ’HÎ fiˢ÷Ì ¿ı ±‹ıÏfl¿Î‹Î_ ÁΫı … ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ±Î ÂOÿ˘ ∂√Ì fiÌ¿‚Âı. ±‹ıÏfl¿Î‹Î_ ÷Î…ı÷fl‹Î_ ›˘Ω›ı·_ ⁄΂-
›‰Î±˘fi_ fiıÂfi· ¿L‰ıLÂfi ’˛I›ZÎ ΩıfiÎflÎ ¿ı ÷ıfiÌ ‰ÌÏÕ›˘ ‹ÎHÎfiÎflÎ Á˙ ¿˘¥ ÷ÎF…\⁄ »ı. Á˙ ¿˘¥fiı ËΩfl˘ ›‰Îfi˘fi_ ±Î Á_V¿Îfl ‘fi Ωı¥fiı
±Îç›˝ ◊›_ »ı. ÷ıfiÌ ’λ‚ ›˘√Ì∞ ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ ÏÿT› ±ÎÂÌ‰Î˝ÿ, ±fiı »ıS·Î «Îfl-«Îfl ÿΛ¿Î±˘◊Ì ’˘÷ÎfiÌ ÷‹Î‹ „@÷±˘ flıÕÌ ÿ¥fiı
›‰Î„@÷fiÎ Ω√flHÎ ‹ÎÀı ’˛«_Õ ’vÊÎ◊˝ ¿flfiÎflÎ ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ±’Îfl ¿Ú’κ„WÀ flËÌ »ı. ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fiı ÏfiT›Î˝…
‰ÎIÁS›◊Ì ¤Ÿ…‰Ìfiı ’fl‹ ’ÒF› V‰Î‹Ìḻı Á˙fiı ’˘÷ÎfiΠωflÎÀ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ±Ï¤›Îfi‹Î_ ΩıÕuÎ »ı, ÷ıfiı Á˙ ¿˘¥ ±ı¿ «‹I¿Îfl w’ı Ωı¥ flèÎÎ
»ı. ±ı¿ ÷flŒ ±ÎK›Î„I‹¿ ‹ÒS›˘fi_ «Îflı ÷flŒ◊Ì ‘˘‰ÎHÎ ◊¥ flèÎ_ »ı I›Îflı, ËΩfl˘ ⁄΂¿˘-›‰Îfi˘fiı ±K›ÎI‹fiΠϬfl ’fl ’ˢӫ‰ÎfiÌ ·√fiÌ
·√ÎÕfiÎflÎ ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÎ_ «flH΢‹Î_ Á˙ ·‚Ì ’Õı »ı. ’fl⁄˛õ ¤√‰Îfi lÌ V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎı ±Î ‰Á_‘flÎ ’fl ±‰÷flÌfiı ±fiı¿
∞‰˘fiı ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ’ÿ Á‘Ì ’ˢӫÎÕ‰Îfi˘ …ı ÏÿT› Á_¿S’ ¿›˘˝ Ë÷˘, ÷ıfiı ±Î‘Ïfi¿ ›√‹Î_ fi‰Ì ’ıœÌ Á‘Ì ‰ËΉ‰Îfi_ ‹ËÎfi ¿Î›˝ ¿flfiÎfl ’fl‹
’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiı ±Î‰fiÎflÎ ±fiı¿ ›√˘ Á‘Ì ≥Ï÷ËÎÁ ‰_ÿfi ¿fl÷˘ flËıÂı.
V‰ÎÏ‹fiÎflΛHÎ ’˛¿ÎÂfi˘ ±Î ±_¿ ±ı fiıÂfi· ¿L‰ıLÂfifiÌ ±ı¿ {·¿ ·¥fiı ±Î’fiÌ Á‹ZÎ ±Î‰ı »ı. Ωı¿ı ±ËŸ ‹ÎhÎ ¿Î›˝ø‹fiÌ … {·¿ »ı,
’fl_÷ ÷ıfiÌ ’λ‚fi˘ ËΩfl˘ ¿·Î¿fi˘ ’vÊÎ◊˝, Áı¿oÕ À< Áı¿oÕfi_ M·ÎfiŸ√, ËΩfl˘ M≤WÃ˘fiÎ_ ÕÎ"@›‹ıLÀ˚Á ±fiı „VøMÀ˚Á, ÁÒZ‹ º„WÀ◊Ì ¿flΛı·_
·Î"Ï…„VÀ@Á ±fiı ⁄ÌΩ_ ±fiı¿ ’ÎÁÎ_±˘fiÌ ±fiı¿ M≤WÃ˘fiÌ ‹ÎÏË÷Ì ±ËŸ fl…^ ¿flÌ Â¿Î¥ fi◊Ì. ±ı ÷‹Î‹ ’λ‚ …ıfi˘ ±’Îfl ’vÊÎ◊˝ »ı ÷ı Á‰ı˝
Á_÷˘ ±fiı ¿Î›˝¿fl˘ ’fl ’fl‹ ’ÒF› ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì ‹ËÎflÎ…fiÌ ¿Ú’Î ‰flÁı ±ı … ±P›◊˝fiÎ.
±Î fiıÂfi· ¿L‰ıLÂfi ’ÒHν ◊›_ I›Îflı Á˙fiÎ_ ˈ›Î_‹Î_ ‹_hÎ CÎÒ_ÀÎ÷˘ Ë÷˘ - “±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿ ◊¥±ı ’fl‹ ±ı¿Î_Ï÷¿fiı Á_√. ‹Îv_ ∞‰fi ’˛‹¬V‰Î‹Ì
‹ËÎflÎ…fiı Á_√.” ±Î’HÎı Á˙ ’HÎ ±ı ‹_hÎfiı CÎÒ_ÀÌfiı ∞‰÷flfiı ‘L› ⁄fiΉ̱ı. ◆
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