Preconception HealthPreconception Health

Annual Gynecologist VisitsAnnual Gynecologist Visits Nutrition/Exercise - ↑ caloric intake by ___Nutrition/Exercise - ↑ caloric intake by ___ STI Prevention/TreatmentSTI Prevention/Treatment Drug/Alcohol Abuse/UseDrug/Alcohol Abuse/Use

____________________________________________– small head, wide – small head, wide spaced eyes, heart problems, etc.spaced eyes, heart problems, etc.

__________________- ↑ intake to help avoid Spina Bifida- ↑ intake to help avoid Spina Bifida

OvulationOvulation

ImplantationImplantation Sperm reach egg within Sperm reach egg within ______________________ Fertilization usually occurs Fertilization usually occurs ____________________________ 24-30 hours after fertilization genetic material is 24-30 hours after fertilization genetic material is

joined, forming joined, forming ______________ 36 hours – 2 cells36 hours – 2 cells 48 hours – 4 cells48 hours – 4 cells 4 days – 4 days – ______________________ 7-8 days after fertilization, the blastocyst can 7-8 days after fertilization, the blastocyst can

attach to the endometriumattach to the endometrium Fetus at Fetus at ________________

Signs and Symptoms of PregnancySigns and Symptoms of Pregnancy

Amenorrhea- Amenorrhea- __________________________________________ Change in Breast TissueChange in Breast Tissue

______________________________________________ Increased Increased ____________________ of Urination of Urination FatigueFatigue Caloric intake increases…..why?Caloric intake increases…..why?

Signs & Symptoms ContinuedSigns & Symptoms Continued

MoodinessMoodiness Quickening – Quickening – ________________________________________ Braxton-Hicks Contractions – ___Braxton-Hicks Contractions – ___

____________________________ Acid Reflux – Acid Reflux – ____________________________________________

Appetite/cravingsAppetite/cravings

Doctor’s ObservationsDoctor’s Observations

Change in Reproductive OrgansChange in Reproductive Organs ______________________________________________

Fetal Heart Beat Fetal monitorFetal Heart Beat Fetal monitor ________________________________________

Fetal MovementsFetal Movements Fetal OutlineFetal Outline Gender Determination It's a boyGender Determination It's a boy

Laboratory TestsLaboratory Tests

Urine or Blood TestingUrine or Blood Testing Home Pregnancy Tests Doctor will Home Pregnancy Tests Doctor will

confirmconfirm What do they test for?What do they test for?

______________________________________________________ When is the baby due?When is the baby due?

Prenatal CarePrenatal Care

A woman should see her doctor after the A woman should see her doctor after the second missed periodsecond missed period ____________________– pregnancy, sugar, & protein– pregnancy, sugar, & protein Blood Test – pregnancy, RH factor, Blood Test – pregnancy, RH factor, ________________

____________________________________________________ Nutrition Nutrition ____________ using any hormonal contraceptive using any hormonal contraceptive

methods methods Avoid alcohol – Avoid alcohol – __________, cigarettes, drugs, cigarettes, drugs

Common DisordersCommon Disorders

________________ ______________Leg CrampLeg CrampVaricose VeinsVaricose Veins____________________________________FlatulenceFlatulence

____________________________ Palpitations Palpitations FaintingFainting Drug and Food Drug and Food

SensitivitySensitivity ________________________ HemorrhoidsHemorrhoids

Danger Signals During PregnancyDanger Signals During Pregnancy

Vaginal bleedingVaginal bleeding Manifestations of toxemiaManifestations of toxemia

________________________ – protein in urine, high BP, – protein in urine, high BP, swelling in hands/feet that doesn’t clearswelling in hands/feet that doesn’t clear

Eclampsia – next stage – Eclampsia – next stage – ________________________

______________________________________________________________ Labor contractionsLabor contractions Amniotic Sac breakingAmniotic Sac breaking Lower fetal kick count – Lower fetal kick count – __________________________

ComplicationsComplications

____________________ - Before 25 wks - Before 25 wks Premature Birth - Premature Birth - ______________________________________ ________________________________– Fertilized egg in FT– Fertilized egg in FT Placenta Previa – Placenta too lowPlacenta Previa – Placenta too low Premature Placenta Separation – placenta Premature Placenta Separation – placenta

______________________________________from uterusfrom uterus Placenta Abruption – Placenta Abruption – ______________________________

____________________________

Amniotic SacAmniotic Sac

Also known as Also known as ______________________ At delivery the sac contains 1-2 quarts of At delivery the sac contains 1-2 quarts of

fluidfluid Helps Helps __________________________________________________ Cushions fetusCushions fetus Provides a medium Provides a medium At At ________________fetal respiration occursfetal respiration occurs

• What is this? – What is this? – ____________________ Amniocentesis – 15-17 wks, taken to check Amniocentesis – 15-17 wks, taken to check

for any for any ______________________________

PlacentaPlacenta

Organ that transports nutrition and oxygen Organ that transports nutrition and oxygen from mother to fetus and transports waste from mother to fetus and transports waste products from fetus to motherproducts from fetus to mother ______________ – Food substances to fetus, stores nutrients – Food substances to fetus, stores nutrients Respiration – Brings Respiration – Brings ______, takes away , takes away __________ ____________ – Filters out – Filters out ________________ (not viruses) (not viruses) Hormones – Hormones – ______________, progesterone, gonadotropin , progesterone, gonadotropin

(maintain pregnancy)(maintain pregnancy) __________ – keeps mother’s and – keeps mother’s and __________________ blood blood

separate (blood does not mix)separate (blood does not mix)

Umbilical CordUmbilical Cord

Connects the Fetus and Connects the Fetus and ________________ Develops at Develops at ________________ Long semitransparent “rope” containing one Long semitransparent “rope” containing one

vein and two arteriesvein and two arteries Surrounded by jelly-like substance to Surrounded by jelly-like substance to

protect itprotect it What passes through?What passes through?

Viruses, medications/drugs, alcohol, nicotine, Viruses, medications/drugs, alcohol, nicotine, hormones, etc.hormones, etc.

11stst Trimester Trimester Weeks 1-12Weeks 1-12 Zygote – Zygote – ____________________ ____________________ – multi-celled at 4 days, implanted – multi-celled at 4 days, implanted

within 8 dayswithin 8 days Embryo – Embryo – ______________________________________ At the end of 2At the end of 2ndnd month-1.2 inches long, the month-1.2 inches long, the

head represents half of the embryo’s bulk and head represents half of the embryo’s bulk and ________________________(eyes, ears, nose, lips, tongue) (eyes, ears, nose, lips, tongue) are presentare present

The third month – It is now a The third month – It is now a __________, is about 3 , is about 3 inches, and has nails and genitals can be seen.inches, and has nails and genitals can be seen.

22ndnd Trimester Trimester Beginning of the 4Beginning of the 4thth month month ____________ month is the time for the month is the time for the ________________

amount of fetal growthamount of fetal growth Quickening begins Quickening begins

What is this?What is this?

End of the 5End of the 5thth month – month – __________ Head hair and Head hair and ________________________________

The fetus sleeps, wakes, and has preferred The fetus sleeps, wakes, and has preferred body positionsbody positions

In the 6In the 6thth month the body is covered with month the body is covered with ________

________, the eyes become , the eyes become ______________________, and it , and it can hear uterine sounds.can hear uterine sounds.

33rdrd Trimester Trimester The baby begins to position itself for The baby begins to position itself for __________ The fetus is much more baby likeThe fetus is much more baby like By the end of the 7By the end of the 7thth month the baby can survive month the baby can survive

______________________________ At the end of the 8At the end of the 8thth month the fetus is over month the fetus is over ____

________, skin redness, and wrinkles lessen., skin redness, and wrinkles lessen. The The __________ reach the end of fingers and toes. reach the end of fingers and toes. Between week 38-40 the head is Between week 38-40 the head is __________________

__________and the fine hair has almost disappeared and the fine hair has almost disappeared being replaced by vernix (waxy substance)being replaced by vernix (waxy substance)

Different Types of BirthDifferent Types of Birth

__________________ – used in case baby gets stuck – used in case baby gets stuck Caesarean – can be Caesarean – can be ________________ or planned, or planned,

reasons?reasons? ______________ – Baby’s – Baby’s __________________________11stst

Multiple BirthsMultiple Births ________________ – 1 egg, 1 sperm, separate – 1 egg, 1 sperm, separate ______ Fraternal – 2 Fraternal – 2 ____________________________________and ASand AS Identical/Fraternal – 1 egg, 2 spermIdentical/Fraternal – 1 egg, 2 sperm

__________________________– start contractions or break – start contractions or break waterwater

LaborLabor

Begins due to hormonal changesBegins due to hormonal changes Early signsEarly signs

__________________ – uterus drops ↓, – uterus drops ↓, ____________ before before deliverydelivery

____________ levels off or ↓ in last 2 wks levels off or ↓ in last 2 wks Nesting – “setting up the house”Nesting – “setting up the house”

Actual signsActual signs AS breaking AS breaking ____________________________ The appearance of “show”The appearance of “show” Contractions ↑ in Contractions ↑ in __________________________________

Stage OneStage One

Dilation of CervixDilation of Cervix __________________of cervix occurs due to the uterine of cervix occurs due to the uterine

contractionscontractions Starts with Starts with

the first the first

contractionscontractions Ends when the Ends when the

cervix is cervix is __________

Stage 2Stage 2

Actual Delivery of babyActual Delivery of baby CrowningCrowning ____________________ – can be done to enlarge vaginal – can be done to enlarge vaginal

openingopening

Stage 3Stage 3

Delivery of afterbirthDelivery of afterbirth VIDEOVIDEO

Apgar TestApgar Test

____________________________ after birth after birth The baby is tested on the following and The baby is tested on the following and

given a score. 10 is the highest, 7 is given a score. 10 is the highest, 7 is determined to be healthydetermined to be healthy ______________________ RespirationRespiration Muscle toneMuscle tone ____________________________ ColorColor