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PRECONFERENCE SESSION
ASSESSMENT LITERACYSTANDARDS
February 18, 2014 MSTC Pre-conference Session
Session Purpose & Outcomes Build the case Assessment Literacy is
needed and lacking in our field Familiarize with NEW MI Assessment
Literacy Standards Explore implications of assessment
literacy for variety of stakeholder groups Highlight existing resources/tools Gather your feedback regarding
desired/necessary future PD, resources, tools.
Session Overview
Set the Stage: Our context Introduce Assessment Literacy
Standards Quick Primer: Quality Classroom
Assessments Explore Standards and Implications for
Stakeholder Groups Current Resources and Future
Possibilities
OUR CONTEXT
Setting the Stage…
Remember society’s demands of its school:
ALL students lifelong learners Narrow achievement gap
among students Universal graduation for
students All students ready for colleges
or workplace training Raise achievement levels
students
excerpted Rick Stiggins MDE- DAS 2013 Fall Conference presentation
So, how are we doing so far? NAEP scores have flat-lined for decades Drop out rates remain stable and high;
some are astronomical USA’s place in international rankings
stable Excellent teachers and new teachers are
leaving the profession in unprecedented numbers
excerpted Rick Stiggins MDE- DAS 2013 Fall Conference presentation
Our Context: assessment in all of this…
Public accountability for test scores supposed to improve schools (local, state, national, international)
Linking federal funding to test scores supposed to improve schools
Writing tougher standards & tests—raising the bar supposed to improve schools
Competing for federal $ -- RtT, NCLB, -- supposed to improve schools…
Evaluating teachers based on annual test scores is supposed to improve schools
Adapted from Rick Stiggins MDE- DAS 2013 Fall Conference presentation
How is this possible?
No assessment training for teachers or admins
Lack of assessment literacy among policy makers at local, state, and federal levels
Little awareness throughout of how to link assessment to teaching and learning
No norm for quality assessment in higher ed.
Aggressive selling of test services to unqualified users
Standards of quality ignore 99% of assessments
Technical apps exacerbate quality problems
excerpted Rick Stiggins MDE- DAS 2013 Fall Conference presentation
What is “Assessment Literacy”?
When thinking about a person being assessment literate, what might he/she believe, know, and be able to do?
Pause and Self-Assess
ASSESSMENT LITERACY STANDARDS
Overview…
ALS Development
The MAC has developed assessment literacy standards
These standards will describe the dispositions, knowledge and skills needed by all parties regarding student assessment
The goal is to provide a common basis for work to help all become more assessment literate
ALS Development
After internal review and revision, several external reviewers were asked to comment on the standards. These included: Susan Brookhart Carol Commodore Margaret Heritage Ken O’Connor Jim Popham Rick Stiggins MASSP, MEMSPA and MASCD
Students and Parents
Teachers
Building Administrators
DistrictAdministrators
Local and State Policymakers
Assessment Literacy Standards
Pre-service teachers
Administrator Certification
Assessment Literacy Standards
I. DispositionsII. KnowledgeIII. Performance
Standards are lettered and numbered for easy reference.
Quick Primer Quality Classroom Assessments
Assessment Literacy…
Think…Pair…Share…
What elements are necessary to ensure quality classroom assessments? List these qualities Discuss why these are important
Thoughts From an Expert
What does assessment involve? Making expectations explicit and public
Setting appropriate criteria and high expectations for learning quality
Systematically gathering, analyzing, and interpreting evidence to determine how well performance matches those expectations and standards….and
What does assessment involve?
Using the resulting information to document, explain, modify, and improve performance.
Essential Questions to Dialogue Around…
As you develop quality assessments, keep the following questions in mind… What is the purpose of the assessment? Who will use the information? How will it be used? Is the use formative or summative?
A Formative View
As you develop quality assessments, keep the following questions in mind… What is the purpose of the assessment?
To provide teachers immediate information on student learning
Who will use the information? Teachers and students in the classroom
How will it be used? To inform next steps in the learning process
Is the use formative or summative? Formative
A Summative View
As you develop quality assessments, keep the following questions in mind… What is the purpose of the assessment?
Educator Evaluation / Accountability Who will use the information?
Teachers and Administrators How will it be used?
To certify the learning process Is the use formative or summative?
Summative
Quality Assessments…
are Reliable and yield Valid data. In order for these two requirements to be met
assessment developers must pay special attention to the following: Standard/Item Alignment Balance of Representation Target-Method Match Quality Items
The best way to ensure your assessment is reliable and valid is to create a test blueprint and follow the blueprint while developing the assessment.
Implications for the Classroom
Assessments will evolve to be more rigorous and real world relevant, must match our teaching to this same standard
Assessment data must be used in the moment to inform “next steps” in the learning process
Schools must have a balanced assessment system in place within their classrooms
Implications for the Classroom All stakeholders must be assessment
literate Students (Parents and Public) Teachers Administrators Policymakers
STUDENTS
Assessment Literacy for…
Student Assessment LiteracyThe documentation of student learning and progress now plays a primary role in how our schools and educational programs are evaluated. Assessment in all its forms (e.g., formative, summative, self-assessment) has become one of the biggest discussion points in education today. Educational accountability, must now be demonstrated in the classroom through the documented collection of student learning evidence.
-- Dr. Raymond Witte
Student Assessment Literacy Review the Standards Reflection Activity
See Handout
In the words of Popham…
“…assessment illiteracy is professional suicide…”
James Popham
Consider this…
Research suggests that teachers spend from one-quarter to one-third of their professional time on assessment related activities.
Almost all do so without the benefit of having learned the principles of sound assessment.
Rick Stiggins, 2007
TEACHERS
Assessment Literacy for…
Teacher Assessment Literacy Educator Evaluation
Danielson Observation Tools
Teacher Assessment Literacy Review the Standards Reflection Activity
See Handout
Article Read
Read the short article by James Popham
√ = Makes sense; affirms my thinking! = “aha”; new insight. ? = Raises a question, challenges my thinking.
Final Reflection
“A solid understanding of assessment issues should be part of every teachers’ knowledge base, and teachers should be encouraged to equip themselves with this knowledge as part of their ongoing professional development.”
Dr. Sara Cushing Weigle, Georgia State University
Final Reflections
“We owe it to ourselves and our students to devote at least as much energy to ensuring that our assessment practices are worthwhile as we do to ensuring that we teach well”
Dr. David Boud, University of Technology, Sydney
Questions
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS
Assessment Literacy for…
Pre-service Training & Accreditation of ProgramsNCATE and TEAC consolidated on July 1, 2013 Council for Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) advances excellence in educator preparation through evidence-based accreditation that assures quality and supports continuous improvement to strengthen P-12 student learning.http://caepnet.org
CAEP’s vision is to create a model unified accreditation system and elevate teacher education preparation to the level of excellence that the public & policymakers have come to expect.
In 2013, the CAEP Commission on Standards & Performance Reporting has been charged to transform the preparation of teachers by creating a rigorous system of accreditation that demands excellence and produces teachers who raise student achievement.
CAEP Accreditation Standards for Teacher Prep Programs
Standard 1: Content and Pedagogical Knowledge Postsecondary institutions ensure that graduates use research and evidence to develop an understanding of the teaching profession and use both to measure their P-12 students’ progress and their own professional practice.
1.3 Graduates apply content and pedagogical knowledge as reflected in outcome assessments in response to standards of Specialized Professional Associations (SPA), the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS), states, or other accrediting bodies(e.g., National Association of Schools of Music – NASM). 1.4 Graduates demonstrate skills and commitment that afford all P-12 students access to rigorous college- and career-ready standards (e.g., Next Generation Science Standards, National Career Readiness Certificate, Common Core State Standards).
CAEP Accreditation Standards for Teacher Prep Programs
Standard 4 of 5: Program ImpactPostsecondary institutions demonstrate the impact of its graduates on P-12 student learning and development, classroom instruction, and schools, and the satisfaction of its graduates with the relevance and effectiveness of their preparation.
Impact on P-12 Student Learning and Development 4.1 Postsecondary institution providers, using multiple measures, that graduates can contribute to an expected level of student-learning growth. Multiple measures shall include all available growth measures (including value-added measures, student-growth percentiles, and student learning and development objectives) required by the state for its teachers and available to educator preparation providers, other state-supported P-12 impact measures, and any other measures employed by the provider.
BUILDING and DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS
Assessment Literacy for…
Assessment Literacy Standards for Building-Level Administrators
There are different purposes for student assessment.
The definitions of and uses for different types of assessment
The differences between the types of assessment tools.
Promoting assessment literacy for self and staff
Assessment Literacy Standards for Building-Level Administrators
Providing time and support for staff to implement a balanced assessment system by providing opportunities to develop skills in: Scoring/Analyzing results
Leading dialogues with staff in interpreting results
Clearly explaining how to analyze and use assessment results
Clearly communicating results to various constituents
Assessment Literacy Standards for District-Level Administrators
There are different purposes for student assessment.
The definitions of and uses for different types of assessments
The different types of assessment methods and when educators should use each
How to develop or select high quality assessments
Promoting assessment literacy with staff
Assessment Literacy Standards for District-Level Administrators
Assuring that each and every staff member is: A confident, competent master themselves of the targets that they
are responsible for teaching Sufficiently assessment literate to assess their assigned targets
Assisting teachers to collaboratively analyze and use data
Leading dialogues with staff in interpreting results and creating goals for improvement
Clearly communicating results to various constituents
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
STRAND 1: TEACHING FOR LEARNINGStandard 1: Curriculum
A. AlignmentB. Coherence
Standard 2: InstructionC. Instructional DesignD. Effective Instructional PracticesE. Learning EnvironmentF. Reflection
Standard 3: Assessment
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
STRAND II: LEADERSHIP FOR LEARNING
Standard 4: Instructional LeadershipK. A Vision for LearningL. Guidance and Support for Teaching and LearningM. Results Focused
Standard 5: A Climate for LearningN. Safe and Supportive EnvironmentO. Shared Leadership for Learning
STANDARD 6: ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENTP. Communication Systems Q. Intentional Practices R. Resource Allocation
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
STRAND III: PROFESSIONAL LEARNING
STANDARD 7: PROFESSIONAL LEARNING CULTURE
S. Collaborative Teams
T. Collective Responsibility
STANDARD 8: PROFESSIONAL LEARNING SYSTEM
U. Purposeful Planning
V. Impact of Professional Learning
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
STRAND IV: SCHOOL, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
STANDARD 9: COMMUNICATION
W. Approaches and Tools
X. Cultural Responsiveness
STANDARD 10: ENGAGEMENT
Y. Learning Opportunities
Z. Partnerships
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
Standard 3:AssessmentG.Assessment System• Implements a balanced assessment system and ensures that summative and on-going formative assessments are aligned to curriculum and instruction
• Classroom assessments are designed to be developmentally appropriate and are aligned to the depth of knowledge required to demonstrate proficiency with standards
Assessment Literacy Standards: Teachers Knowledge• The definitions of and uses for different types of assessments
• How to unpack standards into clear learning targets and that are written in student-friendly language and that are used as the basis for the everyday curriculum.
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
H.Shared Understanding
• All educators can communicate the appropriate purposes and uses of assessment.
• Reports of student data are communicated to students and parents in a manner that they can understand.
Dispositions• An effective assessment system must balance different purposes for different users and use varied methods of assessment and communication.
Performance• Communicate effectively with students, parents, other teachers and administrators about student learning.
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
I. Data Analysis and Decision-Making• Educators use a combination of student achievement, demographic, process and perception data over time to make informed instructional decisions to meet individual student needs
• Assessment data are used to place students, monitor progress and drive timely interventions.
Knowledge• There are different purposes for student assessment: Student improvement; Instructional program improvement; Student, teacher or system accountability: Program evaluation; Prediction for future performance or achievement
• Different users have different assessment purposes
• Different assessment purposes may require different assessment methods
Assessment Literacy Standards and the School Improvement Framework
J. Student Involvement in the Assessment Process• Students understand the criteria and expectations for demonstrating their learning.
• Students receive descriptive feedback based on student performance, as well as guidance on how to improve.
• Students are taught how to self-assess and plan for improvement.
• Students learn to track and use their own achievement data and related feedback to monitor, evaluate, and reflect on how to improve their own performance.
Knowledge• How to engage students in using their own assessment results for reflection and goal setting
• How to provide effective feedback from assessments suitable for different audiences: descriptive vs. evaluative
Performance• Support student use of assessment feedback to improve attitudes, aspirations, mindsets and achievement.
POLICYMAKERS
Case Study…
Assessment Literacy Standards for Policy Makers
Balance is needed in an assessment system because:
1. Different users have different assessment purposes
2. Different assessment purposes may require different
assessment methods
There are different purposes for student assessment:
1. Student improvement2. Instructional program improvement3. Student, teacher or system accountability4. Program evaluation5. Prediction of future
performance/achievement
Assessment Literacy Standards for Policy Makers
The differences between the types of assessments in a balanced system of assessment:
1. Summative Assessments2. Interim Benchmark Assessments3. Formative Assessment
There are different ways to measure student achievement; each has advantages and challenges.
Assessment Literacy Standards for Policy Makers
There are different ways to report results:1. Norm-referenced interpretations2. Criterion-referenced interpretations3. When each type of interpretation may be more useful
There are several essential technical standards for high quality assessments:
1. Reliability – Do the assessments produce replicable
scores?2. Validity – Is there evidence that supports the intended
uses of the assessment?
Assessments can be purchased or developed locally; each approach has advantages and challenges.
Assessment Literacy Standards for Policy Makers
There are a number of steps in the assessment development process to produce high quality assessments.
Quality assessment of any type requires adequate funding and time.
Users of the assessment require time to learn to administer and use the assessment results appropriately, and resources may be needed to carry out these activities.
Should know which student measures are appropriate for teacher and administrator evaluation.
RESOURCES AND NEXT STEPS
Assessment Literacy…
Individual Reflection on the Standards
Silently read and record on the standards document:
Feedback on the standards: Clarifications/suggested revisions Deletions Additions Strengths/positives regarding the standards
What are the Implications?
What are your thoughts about implications of the Assessment Literacy Standards …
For you?For your building?For your district?For higher education?
Silently record your thoughts on an index card.
A Method to Review Multiple Standard Sets
If you want to have your group look at more than one set of standards, you could do a JIGSAW.
Jigsaw Groups of 3 or 4 receive a specific set of standards.
The group jigsaws reading and reports the assigned reading to their group.
Once each group has read and reviewed their entire assigned set of standards, they report out to the whole group what their set of standards included.
WHILE READING, the group members record their feedback on the standards (clarifications, additions, etc.).
They discuss this and report it to the whole group.
Time to Process
Now, think about two questions: If Michigan educators had achieved these
standards, what would be different in Michigan’s students?
If this is a preferred future, what would need to be done to push this vision forward?
You may wish to turn and talk about this for a few minutes
Putting the Standards to Use
Professional development for K-12 teachers, administrators, etc. Workshops, full-length courses, tools and resources, etc.
Higher Education Pre-Service Teachers, Administrator Certification
Future collaboration with other organizations (PD, development of public policy, etc.)
Thank You!
For copies of draft Assessment Literacy Standards, as well as an opportunity to respond to an electronic survey about the standards – go to the MAC website, in a column on left hand side of home page – click on hyperlink for Assessment Literacy Standards