Prediction and Preventionof Type 1 Diabetes

Helping to defuse the diabetes

The number of people in the world currently with type 1 diabetes is around17 million and increasing rapidly. Already there are hundreds of thousands ofdeaths directly resulting from the disease. In order to halt, and reverse thisrise we need to be able to detect and treat the disease at the earliestpossible stage, before physical symptoms become apparent.

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Type 1time-bomb

Although there is still no cure for juvenile diabetes early detectioncan reduce the likelihood of long-term complications, bothimproving the quality of life and reducing the costs that resultfrom repeated hospitalizations. PerkinElmer Life and AnalyticalSciences methods provide the information needed to allowdoctors to prepare for treatment to delay or prevent clinical onsetof diabetes. As possibilities for therapy develop, the full valuebehind PerkinElmer’s early detection philosophy will be realized.

Global estimates of diabetes type 11985 - 2025 (Million)

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20

15

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01985 2000 2005 2010 2025

The number of cases of type 1 diabetes is increasing in almostall countries.

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PerkinElmer Life andAnalytical Sciences probesspecific for HLA andnon–HLA alleles are currentlyused exclusively for researchto discover the genes involvedin conferring a genetic risk of,or protection from developingtype 1 diabetes.

To investigate which alleles are present, thegene segment of interest is amplified fromthe baby’s blood cells dried on a bloodcollection card.

This technique for large scale screening canidentify those children at risk and who thenneed careful follow up. This knowledgeincreases awareness and understanding inthe parents, which will ultimately lead tobetter care for the child.

Products for genetic testing*DQB1 probesDQA1 probesDRB1 probesCTLA-4/INS probes

*These products are available for researchpurposes only.

Genetic Screening to find those at risk

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DQB1-hybridization assay

Blood spot sample

PCR amplificationreaction of thegene segmentof interest

Binding of the PCR product ontothe SA-well

Denaturation of thePCR-product

Hybridization withallele-specificprobes

Measurement ofEu/Sm and Tbsignal

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Once the DNA in a blood sample is amplified,the presence of particular alleles relating totype 1 diabetes can be determined by ahybridization reaction using allele-specific,short oligo-nucleotides labeled withlanthanide chelates.

Autoantibody monitoring to

help fight disease onsetOnce the children at risk of developing

diabetes have been identified, they can

be monitored to indicate pre-clinical

development of diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial, autoimmune diseaseinvolving the progressive destruction of the insulin-producing ß-cells of the islets of Langerhans in thepancreas. Approximately 95% of the cells are destroyedby the time clinical symptoms of the disease appear.Before this happens, certain autoantibodies appear in thecirculation of around 90% of individuals who will go onto develop the disease. Detecting these autoantibodies toGAD65, IA-2 and insulin by immunological methods canbe used to predict onset of the disease.

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Products for autoantibodymonitoring*DELFIA GAD65 Ab KitDELFIA IA-2 Ab KitDELFIA IAA Kit

* These products areavailable for researchpurposes only.

Many new approaches are being explored in order to findmethods of preventing or delaying the onset of type 1diabetes. Regardless of how future treatment strategiesdevelop, PerkinElmer will have prepared the ground. Withits products, those at risk and those showing signs ofdisease can be identified.

MONITORI??

Sophisticated data

management for type1

diabetes researchers

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PerkinElmer has developed sophisticated data managementsoftware specifically for diabetes type 1 researchers.

Purpose-designed tool for collecting and managing clinicalresearch data including• test results• demographics• weight & height• nutrition• infections• vaccinations• family connections

www.perkinelmer.com

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Worldwide Headquarters: PerkinElmer Life Sciences, 549 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118-2512 USA (800) 551-2121

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