PREFIXES & SUFFIXESPREFIXES & SUFFIXES

By : HOUSSINE HASNIBy : HOUSSINE HASNI

I-PREFIXESI-PREFIXES

Dis: Dis: means away, apart, means away, apart, e.g. e.g. ''disdisarm' means to remove or take weapons arm' means to remove or take weapons

awayaway

MIS_MIS_

mis mis means 'wrong' or 'badly‘means 'wrong' or 'badly‘ e.g. 'e.g. 'mismisfortune' is when your are not fortune' is when your are not

lucky and things go wrong or badlylucky and things go wrong or badly

UNDER_UNDER_

under under means 'below' or 'beneath‘means 'below' or 'beneath‘ e.g. 'e.g. 'underunderground' means below or ground' means below or

beneath the groundbeneath the ground

OVER_OVER_

over over means upper, outer, over, superior means upper, outer, over, superior or excessiveor excessive

e.g. 'e.g. 'overoverweight' means too heavy or fatweight' means too heavy or fat

RE_RE_

re re means againmeans again e.g. 'e.g. 'rereplay' means to play something play' means to play something

againagain

ANTI-ANTI-

anti anti means against, in opposition tomeans against, in opposition to e.g. 'e.g. 'antianticlockwise' is opposite to the clockwise' is opposite to the

direction that the hands of a clock move direction that the hands of a clock move inin

ANTE_ANTE_

ante ante means beforemeans before e.g. 'e.g. 'anteantenatal' means before giving birthnatal' means before giving birth

CONTRA/ COUNTER-CONTRA/ COUNTER-

CONTRA CONTRA opposite, protecting opposite, protecting contradiction, contraceptive, counterfeit, contradiction, contraceptive, counterfeit,

counter offercounter offer

  disdis - - away,  not away,  not disappeardisappear, , disabledisable, , dismissdismiss, , disregarddisregard

  ex-ex-  out of, away from, former   out of, away from, former exceed, ex-presidentexceed, ex-president

EXTRA-EXTRA-

extra - extra - outside, additionaloutside, additional extraordinary, extraterrestrialextraordinary, extraterrestrial

OUT-OUT-

  out -out -    more than; outdo another, more than; outdo another, externallyexternally

outrun, outdo, outstanding, outrageousoutrun, outdo, outstanding, outrageous

OVER-OVER-

  over -over -  more than, excessive, located more than, excessive, located above, movement to a lower positionabove, movement to a lower position

overworked, overrunoverworked, overrun

POST_POST_

post post means aftermeans after e.g. 'postpone' means to put something e.g. 'postpone' means to put something

off until later, or after it was originally off until later, or after it was originally plannedplanned

Prefixes meaning NOTPrefixes meaning NOT

Un Un e.g. 'une.g. 'unhurthurt' ' means 'not hurt‘means 'not hurt‘ Im Im e.g. 'ime.g. 'impolitepolite' ' means 'not polite‘means 'not polite‘ IlIl e.g. 'ile.g. 'illegallegal' ' means 'not legalmeans 'not legal‘‘ InIn e.g. 'ine.g. 'informalformal' ' means 'not formalmeans 'not formal‘‘ Ir Ir e.g.'ire.g.'irregularregular' ' means 'not regularmeans 'not regular‘‘ dis dis e.g. 'dise.g. 'disagreeagree' ' means 'not agree‘means 'not agree‘

II- SUFFIXES __IBLE / ___ABLEII- SUFFIXES __IBLE / ___ABLE

1-ible1-ible If the root is not a complete word, add -ible. If the root is not a complete word, add -ible. aud + ible = audibleaud + ible = audible Examples: Examples: visible visible horrible horrible terrible terrible possible possible edible edible eligible eligible incredible incredible permissible permissible

2-able2-able If the root is a complete word, add -able. If the root is a complete word, add -able. accept + able = acceptableaccept + able = acceptable Examples: Examples: fashionable fashionable laughable laughable suitable suitable dependable dependable comfortable comfortable If the root is a complete word ending in -e, drop the final -e and add -If the root is a complete word ending in -e, drop the final -e and add -

able.able.excuse - e+ able = excusableExamples: excuse - e+ able = excusableExamples: advisable advisable desirable desirable valuable valuable debatable debatable

NB. Words ending in ‘e’NB. Words ending in ‘e’

If the root is a complete word ending in -e, If the root is a complete word ending in -e, drop the final -e and add -able.drop the final -e and add -able.

excuse - e+ able = excusableexcuse - e+ able = excusable Advise______________advisable Advise______________advisable Desire_______________desirable Desire_______________desirable Value________________valuable Value________________valuable Debate_______________debatable Debate_______________debatable

EXCEPTIONSEXCEPTIONS

Contemptible___the root is complete Contemptible___the root is complete digestible ____the root is completedigestible ____the root is complete flexible _____the root is completeflexible _____the root is complete responsible ____the root is completeresponsible ____the root is complete irritable ___the root is not completeirritable ___the root is not complete Inevitable ___the root is not complete Inevitable ___the root is not complete

EXERCISESEXERCISES

Circle the best available answerCircle the best available answer 1- That shopping bag is REUSABLE.1- That shopping bag is REUSABLE. a) throw the shopping bag away, we won’t need it a) throw the shopping bag away, we won’t need it

againagain b) don’t throw away the shopping bag because we can b) don’t throw away the shopping bag because we can

use it again. use it again. c) if you throw the shopping bag we cannot use it c) if you throw the shopping bag we cannot use it

againagain

2-I’m sorry I MISREAD the notice and 2-I’m sorry I MISREAD the notice and therefore MISUNDERSTOOD the message.therefore MISUNDERSTOOD the message.

a) Did not read the notice correctly and therefore did a) Did not read the notice correctly and therefore did not understand correctly. not understand correctly.

b) Read the notice and understood the message b) Read the notice and understood the message correctlycorrectly

c) Did not read the notice and therefore did not c) Did not read the notice and therefore did not understand the message.understand the message.

3-We usually do not publish articles we don’t 3-We usually do not publish articles we don’t PREVIEW.PREVIEW.

a) we usually read articles before a) we usually read articles before publication publication

b) we do not read articles after b) we do not read articles after publication publication

c) we read articles the day we publish c) we read articles the day we publish themthem

4-REFORESTATION will help to RESTORE 4-REFORESTATION will help to RESTORE our environment.our environment.

a) planting trees again will REPLENISH our a) planting trees again will REPLENISH our environment. environment.

b) cutting down trees will further help to b) cutting down trees will further help to worsen the environment. worsen the environment.

c) forests should be cut to improve the c) forests should be cut to improve the worsening environmental pollutionworsening environmental pollution

GIVE THE CORRECT FORMGIVE THE CORRECT FORM

1. 1. Miyoko _______________her shoes. (placed Miyoko _______________her shoes. (placed incorrectly) incorrectly)

22. My mother_________ an old rocking chair. (finished . My mother_________ an old rocking chair. (finished again) again)

3.3. The guard_______________ the door. (opposite of The guard_______________ the door. (opposite of locked) locked)

4.4.The pupil _____________________. (behaved The pupil _____________________. (behaved incorrectly)incorrectly)

5.5.Our society should punish ______politicians (Not Our society should punish ______politicians (Not honest)honest)

6.6.It's _______ to shout at people in the It's _______ to shout at people in the street.street.(polite)(polite)

7.7.That teacher feels awful when ______ That teacher feels awful when ______ visitors come to attend her class visitors come to attend her class (expected)(expected)

That’s all for now.That’s all for now. For more seeFor more see http://all4english.ning.comhttp://all4english.ning.com