Saskatchewan Geological Survey 1 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2 Preliminary Report: Lithostratigraphic Investigations of the North and Northeast Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan Sean A. Bosman and Matthew Schwab 1 Bosman, S.A. and Schwab, M. (2009): Preliminary report: lithostratigraphic investigations of the north and northeast Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan; in Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Ministry of Energy and Resources, Misc. Rep. 2009-4.2, Paper A-6, 13p. Abstract Multi-parameter digital plots of diamond drill cores are a simple, quick, objective, and effective method of delineating the lithostratigraphy of the Athabasca Basin. During 2009, 61 diamond drill holes from several understudied areas of the Athabasca Basin were documented using multi-parameter digital plots. The focus of the summer program was to log drill holes located in the north and northeast parts of the basin. The techniques and logging parameters closely followed those developed by the EXploration science and TECHnology initiative (EXTECH IV) Athabasca Uranium Multidisciplinary Study. Gamma-ray data integrated with the multi-parameter logging method were used in the EXTECH IV research and this study to help define several stratigraphic contacts including the one between the Read Formation and the Bird Member and/or Raibl Member of the Manitou Falls Formation. These new quantitative logs guided the repositioning of several unit contacts. The summer findings also suggest that there is a significant fining of the conglomerates in the lower stratigraphic units towards the north and northeast parts of the Athabasca Basin. This fining may indicate a more southerly contact between the central Ahenakew deposystem and the northern Moosonees deposystem than previously identified. Keywords: Athabasca Basin, Athabasca Group, lithostratigraphy, stratigraphy, Manitou Falls Formation, Read Formation, Lazenby Lake Formation, Wolverine Point Formation, Raibl Member, EXTECH IV, sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone, digital logging, core logging. 1. Introduction Regional core logging of the Athabasca Basin continued during 2009. This was the third year of this project which remained focused on revising, redefining, and repositioning the lithostratigraphy of the Athabasca Group. These modifications to the lithostratigraphic contacts will be used as the framework for a 3-D model of the Athabasca Basin. This study builds on the work completed in 2007 (Bosman and Korness, 2007), 2008 (Bosman et al., 2008), and that of the 2000-04 EXploration science and TECHnology initiative (EXTECH IV) project. EXTECH IV was a multi-disciplinary collaboration between industry, federal and provincial geological surveys, and universities to better understand targeted geological, geochemical and geophysical aspects of the Athabasca Basin and to develop exploration technology. As part of EXTECH IV, a stratigraphy subproject was designed to refine and develop a better understanding of Athabasca Group lithostratigraphy, sedimentological processes, sequence stratigraphy, and their relationships to unconformity-associated uranium deposits. Using 2-D models of the Athabasca Group and new diamond drill hole data, the main goal of this multi-year study will be to develop a 3-D model of the Athabasca Basin. The model will advance our lithostratigraphic knowledge of the Athabasca Basin by: 1) presenting more accurately positioned contacts; 2) improving our understanding of the basinal fault systems, their timing, location and development; 3) assisting in interpreting basin geometry and evolution; and 4) will be an important step in analyzing the basin in the 4th dimension (i.e., xyz and time). Advancements in our understanding of reactivated fault systems are important criteria for discovering uranium and other ore deposits. During the three years of this study, 136 drill holes have been logged from many areas of the Athabasca Basin (Figure 1). The methods for recording the data have remained consistent during this study allowing for comparison between drill holes. Each drill hole is logged in 3 m intervals recording the following five sedimentary parameters: maximum transported grain (MTG) size, total thickness of conglomerate, mudstone and planar siltstone beds which is subsequently converted to a percent for the digital plots, and the total thickness of clay intraclasts 2 1 Department of Geology, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2. . These five 2 Staying consistent with EXTECH IV, clay intraclasts are plotted using cm/m; however, percentages of clay intraclasts are used in the definitions of the lithostratigraphic units.
Transcript
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 1 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Preliminary Report: Lithostratigraphic Investigations of the North and Northeast Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Sean A. Bosman and Matthew Schwab 1
Bosman, S.A. and Schwab, M. (2009): Preliminary report: lithostratigraphic investigations of the north and northeast Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan; in Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Ministry of Energy and Resources, Misc. Rep. 2009-4.2, Paper A-6, 13p.
Abstract Multi-parameter digital plots of diamond drill cores are a simple, quick, objective, and effective method of delineating the lithostratigraphy of the Athabasca Basin. During 2009, 61 diamond drill holes from several understudied areas of the Athabasca Basin were documented using multi-parameter digital plots. The focus of the summer program was to log drill holes located in the north and northeast parts of the basin. The techniques and logging parameters closely followed those developed by the EXploration science and TECHnology initiative (EXTECH IV) Athabasca Uranium Multidisciplinary Study. Gamma-ray data integrated with the multi-parameter logging method were used in the EXTECH IV research and this study to help define several stratigraphic contacts including the one between the Read Formation and the Bird Member and/or Raibl Member of the Manitou Falls Formation. These new quantitative logs guided the repositioning of several unit contacts. The summer findings also suggest that there is a significant fining of the conglomerates in the lower stratigraphic units towards the north and northeast parts of the Athabasca Basin. This fining may indicate a more southerly contact between the central Ahenakew deposystem and the northern Moosonees deposystem than previously identified.
Keywords: Athabasca Basin, Athabasca Group, lithostratigraphy, stratigraphy, Manitou Falls Formation, Read Formation, Lazenby Lake Formation, Wolverine Point Formation, Raibl Member, EXTECH IV, sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone, digital logging, core logging.
1. Introduction Regional core logging of the Athabasca Basin continued during 2009. This was the third year of this project which remained focused on revising, redefining, and repositioning the lithostratigraphy of the Athabasca Group. These modifications to the lithostratigraphic contacts will be used as the framework for a 3-D model of the Athabasca Basin. This study builds on the work completed in 2007 (Bosman and Korness, 2007), 2008 (Bosman et al., 2008), and that of the 2000-04 EXploration science and TECHnology initiative (EXTECH IV) project. EXTECH IV was a multi-disciplinary collaboration between industry, federal and provincial geological surveys, and universities to better understand targeted geological, geochemical and geophysical aspects of the Athabasca Basin and to develop exploration technology. As part of EXTECH IV, a stratigraphy subproject was designed to refine and develop a better understanding of Athabasca Group lithostratigraphy, sedimentological processes, sequence stratigraphy, and their relationships to unconformity-associated uranium deposits.
Using 2-D models of the Athabasca Group and new diamond drill hole data, the main goal of this multi-year study will be to develop a 3-D model of the Athabasca Basin. The model will advance our lithostratigraphic knowledge of the Athabasca Basin by: 1) presenting more accurately positioned contacts; 2) improving our understanding of the basinal fault systems, their timing, location and development; 3) assisting in interpreting basin geometry and evolution; and 4) will be an important step in analyzing the basin in the 4th dimension (i.e., xyz and time). Advancements in our understanding of reactivated fault systems are important criteria for discovering uranium and other ore deposits.
During the three years of this study, 136 drill holes have been logged from many areas of the Athabasca Basin (Figure 1). The methods for recording the data have remained consistent during this study allowing for comparison between drill holes. Each drill hole is logged in 3 m intervals recording the following five sedimentary parameters: maximum transported grain (MTG) size, total thickness of conglomerate, mudstone and planar siltstone beds which is subsequently converted to a percent for the digital plots, and the total thickness of clay intraclasts 2
1 Department of Geology, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2.
. These five
2 Staying consistent with EXTECH IV, clay intraclasts are plotted using cm/m; however, percentages of clay intraclasts are used in the definitions of the lithostratigraphic units.
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 2 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 1 - Current geological map of the Athabasca Basin including lithostratigraphic contacts of formations, members, and subunits (modified from Figure 1 of Ramaekers et al., 2007 and Figure 1 of Bosman et al., 2008). Lithostratigraphic codes are explained in Table 1. Red, pink, and purple drill hole symbols (circle with superimposed ‘+’ sign) show locations of drill holes logged during this study in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively. Small red circles are those logged during EXTECH IV. Pink squares show locations of selected uranium mines. Dark blue lines represent selected roads. Heavy box is the outline of Figure 2. Coordinates are in UTM NAD83, Zone 13.
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Saskatchewan Geological Survey 3 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Table 1 - Third-order depositional sequences, major unconformities, and lithostratigraphic units of the Athabasca Group (modified after Ramaekers et al., 2007, Table 1). Lithostratigraphic codes displayed on all figures are referenced to this table.
Formation [code] Member [code] Informal subunit (designated by dominant lithofacies or position) Overburden [OB]
Includes Quaternary glacial deposits and other unconsolidated sand and gravel
Sequ
ence
4 Carswell [C] upper subunit [Cu] (stromatolitic to massive dolostone)
lower subunit [Cl] (siliciclastic interbeds, stromatolite, oolite) Douglas [D] (mudstone, fine- to very fine-grained quartz arenite)
Reilly [RY] RYcg (conglomeratic quartz arenite outliers east of Athabasca Basin) Basal unconformity to Cree Sub-basin (within Athabasca Basin) and to Reilly Basin (east of Athabasca Basin)
No formal designation BL (basal lag, pebbles to boulders)
Basal unconformity to Jackfish Basin Basement: metamorphosed Archean granitoid gneiss, Paleoproterozoic paragneiss and late intrusions
Notes: 1 LZd is the distal, finer-grained, northeastern equivalent of the four other members (LZh, LZc, LZs, LZl) in the southwestern proximal region. 2 These tongues of quartz arenite resembling MFc and MFd are distinguished in the Karras and Moosonees deposystems by oblique paleocurrents and separated by an upper pebbly quartz arenite from MFc and MFd of the Ahenakew Deposystem. 3 These percentages are used to classify data collected at 3 m logging intervals (Bosman and Korness, 2007). For percentages to classify data obtained at 1 m logging intervals refer to Ramaekers et al. (2007).
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 4 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
parameters make logging a simple, effective, and very efficient way of delineating the lithostratigraphy of the Athabasca Group. The reader is referred to Bosman and Korness (2007) for details regarding the research methods and changes in the Athabasca Group quantitative lithostratigraphic definitions relative to those set by Ramaekers et al. (2007), such as MFd requiring ≥0.6% rather than ≥1% clay intraclasts and MFb requiring ≥1.2% rather than ≥2% conglomerate when logging at 3 m intervals.
During 2009, 61 multi-parameter drill logs were generated from diamond drill holes (Table 2). The study area was primarily focused in the north and northeast parts of the Athabasca Basin extending from ~20 km south of Cigar Lake Mine to the south end of Black Lake and along the north edge of the basin to Helmer Lake (Figure 2). As in previous years, these new quantitative drill logs were used to fill data gaps in the EXTECH IV data. Two of the drill holes, CR-04 and VT-09-01, stored at the Subsurface Geological Laboratory in Regina, were logged prior to the summer. Drill holes were selected at each location using the following criteria:
1) To provide the maximum possible coverage of the property being visited. 1) Give priority to deeper drill holes over shallower drill holes. 2) Helped fill in information gaps noted in the EXTECH IV study. 3) Avoided drill holes with significant alteration, mineralization, and/or structural complexities so that maximum
core recovery could be obtained with minimal masking of primary sedimentary data. 4) Logged 90 degree drill holes preferentially over angled drill holes.
2. Preliminary Observations
a) Cigar Lake A total of 11 drill cores were logged from the Cigar Lake property [Cameco Corporation, operator (50.025%); AREVA Resources Canada Inc. (37.100%); Idemitsu Uranium Exploration Canada (7.875%); and TEPCO Resources Inc. (5.0%); Table 2 and Figure 2]. Initial interpretations of the multi-parameter drill logs suggest that the base of each drill hole is Read Formation, characterized by quartz pebble conglomerates that locally fine upward into pebbly sandstone as shown in the representative drill hole WCWN-235 (Figure 3). A sharp transition from Read Formation to what is interpreted to be Manitou Falls Bird Member (MFb) is marked by an increase in the MTG, percentage of conglomerate and gamma-ray counts, the final parameter is particularly important in defining the base of MFb (Mwenifumbo and Bernius, 2007). Manitou Falls Collins Member (MFc), containing <0.6% clay intraclasts overlies MFb and underlies the Manitou Falls Dunlop Member (MFd), which contains ≥0.6% clay intraclasts. MFd is interpreted to be present in Cigar Lake drill holes WQS2-014, WQS3-212, WQS2-208, WQS4-205, WCWN-235, and WCWN-234.
b) Midwest Three drill core were logged in a northeast trend through the Midwest Property [AREVA Resources Canada Inc., operator (69.16%); Denison Mines Corp. (25.17%); and OURD (Canada) Co. Ltd. (5.67%); Table 2 and Figure 2]. The current lithostratigraphic interpretation is similar to that of the Cigar Lake region with Read Formation at the base of the drill holes followed by MFb and MFc respectively. MFd is not present in these Midwest Property drill holes.
c) Midwest NorthEast Three drill holes were logged from Hathor’s Midwest NorthEast Property [Hathor Exploration Limited, operator (90%) and Terra Ventures Inc. (10%); Table 2 and Figure 2]. Similar lithostratigraphic features were observed at both the Midwest and Midwest NorthEast properties, which suggest Read Formation at the base followed by MFb and MFc.
d) Candle/Darby/Fireweed One drill hole from the Candle Property [Pitchstone Exploration Ltd., operator (41%); Uranium One Inc. (34%); and JCU (Canada) Exploration Company, Ltd., (25%)], four drill holes from the Darby Property [Pitchstone Exploration Ltd., operator (54.5%); Uranium On Inc., (45.5%)], and two drill holes from the Fireweed Property (Pitchstone Exploration Ltd., 100%) were logged (Table 2 and Figure 2). Initial interpretation suggests that Read Formation is present at the base of each drill hole followed by MFb, MFc, and MFd.
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 5 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Tabl
e 2
- Met
adat
a fo
r the
61
drill
hol
es lo
gged
in 2
009,
whi
ch a
re so
rted
acc
ordi
ng to
pro
perty
nam
e. P
rim
ary
drill
log
data
are
ava
ilabl
e on
requ
est f
rom
the
first
aut
hor.
Lost
in ss
t. - d
enot
es th
at th
e dr
ill h
ole
was
aba
ndon
ed p
rior
to re
achi
ng th
e un
conf
orm
ity.
Com
pany
P
rope
rty
Dril
l H
ole
#
Dat
e Fi
nish
ed
Dril
ling
NTS
U
TM C
oord
inat
es in
N
AD
83/
Zone
13
Ele
vatio
n (m
) H
ole
Ang
le
Hol
e A
zim
uth
OB
D
epth
(m
)
U/C
D
epth
(m
)
Tota
l D
epth
(m
) E
astin
g N
orth
ing
Den
ison
/JN
R R
esou
rces
B
ell L
ake
BL-
08-0
8 17
-Mar
-08
74I/1
0 51
8803
64
8839
9 41
0 -9
0 0
4.6
491.
6 57
0
Den
ison
/JN
R R
esou
rces
B
ell L
ake
BL-
07-0
3 N
/A
74I/0
9 53
5850
64
8980
9 41
1 -7
5 25
3 2.
3 24
9 44
3
Den
ison
/JN
R R
esou
rces
B
ell L
ake
BL-
08-0
5 27
-Feb
-08
74I/1
0 52
4422
64
9764
5 40
2 -9
0 0
10.3
41
7.86
49
9
Den
ison
/JN
R R
esou
rces
B
ell L
ake
BL-
07-0
1 13
-Aug
-07
74I/0
9 52
9611
64
9757
0 39
8 -7
0 18
0 7
323.
6 44
7
JNR
Res
ourc
es
Bla
ck L
ake
BL-
08-1
03
03-A
pr-0
8 74
I/13
4525
42
6537
491
275
-90
0 71
.1
893.
2 92
9
JNR
Res
ourc
es
Bla
ck L
ake
BL-
08-1
04
12-A
pr-0
8 74
I/13
4513
30
6535
993
275
-90
0 69
Lo
st in
sst
. 83
7
JNR
Res
ourc
es
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ck L
ake
BL-
08-1
01
29-M
ar-0
9 74
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4532
61
6538
074
275
-90
0 56
.3
869.
9 91
4.6
Pitc
hsto
ne
Can
dle
CD
-33
18-J
ul-0
8 74
I/02
5042
27
6429
312
538
-80
169
32.3
66
0.8
755
AR
EV
A/C
amec
o C
igar
Lak
e W
QS
4-20
2 26
-Mar
-86
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1 53
1990
64
5258
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41
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50
2
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EV
A/C
amec
o C
igar
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e W
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19
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468
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EV
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amec
o C
igar
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e W
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2-20
8 03
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-86
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367.
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EV
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amec
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-86
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64
5142
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44
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50
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AR
EV
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amec
o C
igar
Lak
e W
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2 11
-Jul
-86
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21
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6 52
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EV
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o C
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3096
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61
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EV
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amec
o C
igar
Lak
e W
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6
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27
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299.
31
450.
2
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6463
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5 57
5
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EV
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se L
ake
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1997
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1
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se L
ake
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1997
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4 54
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0 0
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70
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EV
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se L
ake
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750.
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ison
/Virg
inia
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rgy
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. H
atch
et L
ake
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5605
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6484
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-80
267
2.5
182.
6 26
7
Can
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ska
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mer
H
LM00
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ug-0
7 74
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2 28
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8 17
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/A
600
689.
8
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Ala
ska
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mer
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1 12
-Jul
-07
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3515
67
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827
279
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5 54
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6
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mer
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0 23
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mer
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7 09
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ska
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mer
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LM00
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ul-0
7 74
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1 25
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/A
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in s
st.
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6
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mer
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7
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mer
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6 28
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3
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X C
orp.
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cque
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nt
JP00
1 18
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-07
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4080
50
6554
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251
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0 27
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1
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ison
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hnso
n La
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0 21
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9 72
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ison
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1 65
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12
-Oct
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70
6563
869
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-90
0 14
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9
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orp.
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L001
05
-Oct
-06
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6563
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285
-90
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/Virg
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LGD
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9 83
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. Exp
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rend
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.5
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 6 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 2 - Northeast portion of Figure 1 displaying the location and names of drill holes logged in 2009. Red, pink, and purple drill hole symbols (circle with superimposed ‘+’ sign) show locations of drill holes logged during this study in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Small red circles are those logged during EXTECH IV. Pink squares show locations of selected uranium mines. Dark blue lines represent selected roads. Light grey lines identify the various company properties shown in Table 2 and discussed in the text. Coordinates are in UTM NAD83, Zone 13.
"J
"J
"J
"J
"J
!A!A!A
!A
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!A!A !A
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!A!A !A!A
!A
!A!A
!A!A
!A
!A!A!A
MFd-p
MWNE-08-36
Cigar Lake Mine
MFc
MFd
LZs
LZc
LLm
Oa
Ob
MFd
W
MFc
LZd
Oa
LLs
LLm
MFr-lp
LZl LZl
MFr-cr
MFc
MFb-u
MFc-p
RD
MFb-u
MFw-cr
MFw-up
W
MFd
MFc
MFr-up
MFc-p
LZd
RD
MFc-pMFb-u
LZd
MFc
MFb-l
MFd
MFb-u
LLm
RD
JP001
CL-95
CL-96
CL-93
CL-94 DB-11
DB-22
DB-27
DB-12
CD-33
CR-04
OSR001MNL002 MNL001
HLM006HLM007
HLM001
MJ-02A MJ-011 MJ-010
MJ-012
MW-677MW-743
MW-841
SLGD009
SLGD008RLGD013RLGD012
HLM002B
HLM005AHLM003A
HLM002C
ML-07-01
BL-08-05BL-07-01
ML-07-02 HL-08-01BL-07-03BL-08-08
HL-07-03
FW-07-02FW-07-01
GB-09-06
WCWN-235
WCWN-234
WQS1-012WQS1-011
WQS2-014
WQ17-005
WQS3-212
WQS4-205
WQS2-208
WQ17-003
WQS4-202
VT-09-01
BL-08-101BL-08-103
BL-08-104
MWNE-08-29MWNE-09-50
Eagle Point Mine
McArthur River Mine106°30'W
106°30'W
58°N58°N
350000
350000
450000
450000
550000
550000
6500
000
6500
000
0 10 20 30 40km
Black Lake
Lake Athabasca
Helmer Lake
Otherside River/Munroe Lake/Jacque Point
Riou Lake/Serendipity Lake Black Lake
Bell/Murphy/Hatchet
GumbootJohnson Lake
Fireweed
Close Lake
Candle/Darby
Cigar Lake
Midwest
Midwest NorthEast
Wollaston Lake
Pasfield Lake
m E m E m E
m E m E m E
m N
m N
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 7 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 3 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of WCWN-235 from the Cigar Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
e) Close Lake3
Four drill holes were logged from the Close Lake Property [AREVA Resources Canada Inc., operator (71.1971%); Cameco Corporation (17.7282%); and JCU (Canada) Exploration Company, Ltd. (11.0747%); Table 2 and Figure 2]. These holes are located directly south of the Fireweed Property and have similar multi-parameter plots to the drill holes noted in the preceding section. The base of the drill holes contains medium to large pebble conglomerates that fine upwards into small pebble to granule sandstones and are interpreted to be Read Formation (Figure 4). An increase in the proportion of conglomerate and in gamma-ray counts marks the contact between the Read Formation and overlying MFb. MFc lacks conglomerate, contains <0.6% clay intraclasts, and overlies MFb. The clay intraclast-rich (≥0.6%) sandstone above MFc is interpreted as MFd.
f) Gumboot and Johnson Lake
One drill hole from Pitchstone Exploration’s 100%-owned Gumboot Property and four drill holes from the 100%-owned Denison Mines Johnson Lake Property were logged (Table 2 and Figure 2). Generally, the base of these holes is finer grained and contains less conglomerate than the Fireweed, Close Lake, Darby, and Candle drill holes to the south. This decrease in conglomerate
towards the north is also apparent at the property scale. Drill holes GB-09-06 and MJ-012 contain more conglomerate than the other logged Johnson Lake holes further north (Figure 5). Read Formation is present in both the Fireweed holes to the south and the Bell Lake drill holes to the north; however, it is currently unclear whether a thin component of Read Formation is present at the base of the Gumboot/Johnson Lake drill holes or if MFb lies directly on the unconformity. The upper part of MFb, which contains less conglomerate, may represent part of the Manitou Falls Raibl Member (MFr). MFr is similar to MFb but contains <1.2% conglomerate (Table 1). MFc and MFd overlie MFb/MFr in all of the logged Gumboot and Johnson Lake drill holes.
g) Bell Lake/Hatchet Lake/Murphy Lake A total of eight drill holes were examined from the Bell Lake [Denison Mines Corp., operator (60%), JNR Resources (40%)], Hatchet Lake and Murphy Lake [Denison Mines Corp., operator (50%), Virginia Energy
3 Gamma-ray data were contributed by the respective companies for each study locality when available. Two logs displaying gamma-ray data on the multi-parameter plots are used so that changes in the gamma-ray data can be resolved at different scales.
Read
MFb
MFc
MFd
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG
Intra
clast
Thick
ness
Mud
ston
e
Plana
r
Siltsto
ne
Congl
omer
ate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gam
ma
Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gam
ma
Ray
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. Schwab
WCWN-235
June 18, 2009
Cigar Lake AREVA/Cameco
Powerline Lake June 19, 2009
Basement
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 8 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 4 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of CL-95 from the Close Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
Resources Inc. (50%)] properties (Table 2 and Figure 2). Initial interpretation places Read Formation, characterized by fine to medium pebble conglomerate that fines upward into a granule to small pebble sandstone (Figure 6), at the base of each drill hole. Above this is a slightly conglomeratic unit with increased gamma counts interpreted as MFr (conglomerate-poor MFb equivalent). MFc-p, a pebbly equivalent to MFc, contains <0.6% clay intraclasts and little to no conglomerate lies above MFr (Table 1). MFd-p, a pebbly equivalent to MFd, contains ≥0.6% clay intraclasts and is only observed in two Bell Lake drill holes, BL-08-08 and BL-08-05.
h) Black Lake Three drill holes were logged from JNR Resources 100%-owned Black Lake Property (Table 2 and Figure 2). The multi-parameter drill logs indicate very little conglomerate in this part of the Athabasca Basin (Figure 7). Grain size changes between the various units are subtle and the overall grain size throughout these and the other drill holes logged from the northern parts of the basin is substantially less than the grain size of the drill holes mentioned in the previous sections. Initial interpretation suggests that the Read Formation is present as a thin unit at the base of the Black Lake drill holes followed by a thick Raibl Member (MFr) (Figure 7). The increased abundance of mudstone suggests that much of the Raibl Member is composed of the lower, somewhat clay-rich subunits (Table 1). In drill hole BL-08-101 (Figure 7), there is a sharp but subtle decrease in the MTG observed at ~560 m depth in MFr from ~4 mm to 0.5 mm over a 10 to 15 m interval. This decrease in grain size is observed in all of the Black Lake drill holes, as well as the four Riou and Serendipity lakes drill holes discussed in the following section. Pebbly varieties of MFc
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
-800
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG
Intra
clast
Thick
ness
Mud
ston
e
Plana
r
Siltsto
ne
Congl
omer
ate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gam
ma
Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gam
ma
Ray
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. Schwab
CL-95
July 12, 2009
Close Lake AREVA
Laurie Lake September 21, 2009
Read
MFb
MFc
MFd
OB
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 9 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 5 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill logs of MJ-012 and MJ-02A from the Johnson Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3. The logs demonstrate the northward reduction in the proportion of conglomerate.
and MFd sit above the Raibl Member, and are denoted as MFc-p and MFd-p, respectively. The finer-grained, clay intraclast-poor Lazenby Lake Formation (LZ) sits above MFd-p (Table 1). The mudstone-rich Wolverine Point Formation (W) is observed at the top of both BL-08-104 and BL-08-101 drill holes. The depth of Black Lake prevents the Wolverine Point Formation from being exposed in drill hole BL-08-103.
i) Riou Lake and Serendipity Lake Two drill holes were logged from UEX Corporation’s 100%-owned Riou Lake Property and two more from the historic Serendipity Lake Property (Table 2 and Figure 2). A conglomeratic unit at the base of the Serendipity Lake holes may either be Read Formation, MFb, or components of both (Figure 8). Additional interpretive work is required to resolve these possibilities. This basal conglomerate thins in the Riou Lake drill holes towards the northwest. The Raibl Member is interpreted to overlie the basal conglomerate. MFc-p and MFd-p overlie the Raibl Member in all four Riou and Serendipity lakes holes. Both of the Serendipity drill holes contain a fine-grained sandstone unit that is clay intraclast-poor above MFd-p, that is interpreted to be part of the Lazenby Lake
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG Intracla
st
Thicknes
s
Mudstone
Planar
Siltstone
Conglom
erate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gamma Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gamma Ray
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. SchwabMJ-012
June 27, 2009Johnson Lake Denison
Bulls-Eye Lake June 27, 2009
Read ?
MFb
MFc
MFd
OB
Decreasing
Conglomerate
South North
Basement
MFr ?
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG Intracla
st
Thicknes
s
Mudstone
Planar
Siltstone
Conglom
erate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gamma Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gamma Ray
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. SchwabMJ-02A
June 30, 2009Johnson Lake Denison
Bulls-Eye Lake July 1, 2009
NoData
Available
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 10 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 6 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of BL-08-08 from the Bell Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
Formation. The Manitou Falls/Lazenby Lake contact commonly contains one or more 2 to 5 cm polymictic, granule-rich sandstone beds (Figure 9). Lazenby Lake is subsequently overlain by Wolverine Point Formation, identified by a preponderance of thick red mudstones.
j) Jacque Point/Munroe Lake/Otherside River
Four drill holes were logged from UEX Corporation’s 100%-owned Jacque Point, Munroe Lake, and Otherside River projects (Table 2 and Figure 2). The lithostratigraphic units that may be present in all four drill holes include the Raibl Member at the base followed by MFc-p and MFd-p. Above MFd-p, drill hole JP001 contains Lazenby Lake followed by Wolverine Point. The MFd-p/Lazenby Lake contact may also be present in the top few meters of OSR001, indicated by a pebbly unit containing polymictic clasts including jasper fragments, similar to those in Figure 9.
k) Helmer Lake Six drill holes from CanAlaska Uranium’s 100%-owned Helmer Lake property were logged (Table 2 and Figure 2). Drill holes HLM002C and HLM002B were drilled in the same location because the latter was lost in the sandstone. Drill core data from HLM002B was used to supplement missing data near the top of drill hole HLM002C for
which the upper portion had no core recovery. Initial interpretation of these holes suggests that the base of the holes consists of the Raibl Member overlain by MFc-p and MFd-p (Figure 10). Lazenby Lake Formation is observed in drill holes HLM001, HLM002B, and HLM002C. Wolverine Point is preserved in drill holes HLM002B and HLM002C. Locker Lake Formation in HLM002B and HLM002C as well as Wolverine Point Formation in HLM001 would have likely been preserved at the top of these drill holes provided there was complete core recovery.
3. Preliminary Interpretations Some changes to the mapped lithostratigraphic contacts in Figure 1 of Ramaekers et al. (2007) and Figure 2 of Bosman et al. (2008) are described below with reference to Figures 1 and 2 in this paper. The explanations show the way in which drill hole intersections are used as proxies for outcrops, thereby providing new constraints on surface map configurations. In all cases, both structural dips of the units intersected by drilling and the surface topographic slopes are extremely gentle, such that even the uppermost units cored beneath casing in these drill holes may be extrapolated considerable distances laterally from the drill hole collars.
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG
Intra
clast
Thickness
Mudst
one
Planar
Siltsto
ne
Conglom
erate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gam
ma R
ay
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gam
ma R
ay
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. Schwab
BL-08-08
July 16, 2009
Bell Lake Denison/JNR Resources
Bell Lake July 17, 2009
Read
MFc-p
MFd-p
Basement
MFr
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 11 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 8 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of SLGD009 from the Serendipity Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
Figure 7 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of BL-08-101 from the Black Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
-800
-900
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG
Intra
clast
Thick
ness
Mud
ston
e
Plana
r
Siltsto
ne
Conglo
mer
ate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gam
ma
Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gam
ma
Ray
0 50(CPS)
S. Bosman/M. Schwab
BL-08-101
July 25 & 27, 2009
Black Lake JNR
Black Lake July 27, 2009
MFc-p
MFd-p
Basement
MFr
LZ
W
OB plus
water
NoData
Available
Read
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
-600
-700
-800
-900
-1000
Depth
Drill Hole Name:
Logger: Date Logged:
0 20 0 0 0 02.5 5 55(mm) (cm/m) (%) (%) (%)
MTG
Intra
clast
Thick
ness
Mud
ston
e
Plana
r
Siltsto
ne
Congl
omer
ate
(m)
Property: Company:
Date Plotted:Storage:
(CPS)
Gam
ma
Ray
0 800
Elevation (m): UTM:
Gam
ma
Ray
0 50(CPS)
M. Schwab
SLGD009
August 10, 2009
Serendipity Lake D.F. Exploration Uranium
Hocking Lake South August 10, 2009
MFc-p
MFd-p
Basement
MFr
LZ
W
OB
Read or MFb
NoData
Available
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 12 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 9 - Two polymictic granule sandstone beds each approximately 3 cm thick at the base of the Lazenby Lake Formation in drill hole SLGD009. Depths are in metres.
In the Cigar Lake area, the MFc/MFd contact has been repositioned so that drill hole WQS2-014 is shown to contain MFd.
In the Bell Lake area, the MFd/MFd-p and MFc-p/MFd-p contacts were redrafted to reflect the inferred presence of MFd-p and MFc-p in some of the Bell Lake drill holes. The MFc-p/MFd-p contact located between BL-08-05 and BL-07-01 was redrafted to account for MFd-p in drill hole BL-08-05.
Slight repositioning of the Wolverine Point and Lazenby Lake formations and some of the members of the Manitou Falls Formation was carried out in the Black Lake, Riou and Serendipity lakes, Jacque Point, Munroe Lake, Otherside River, and Helmer Lake areas.
There is a general fining of conglomerate and MTG towards the north parts of the Athabasca Basin. This fining is most apparent in the lower stratigraphic units including Read Formation and the Manitou Falls Bird/Raibl members. These changes may represent the contact between two of three deposystems that supplied sediment to the Athabasca Basin during deposition of Sequence 2 stratigraphic units (Table 1). The Moosonees deposystem supplied sediment to the north parts of the basin; the Ahenakew deposystem, the main supplier of sediment, filled the east and central parts of the basin; and the Karras deposystem supplied the south parts of the Basin (Ramaekers et al., 2007, Figure 3b). The changes in MTG and amount of conglomerate in the Gumboot/Johnson Lake area may represent the contact between the Moosonees and Ahenakew deposystems. The coarser material would have been derived from the proximal Ahenakew deposits and the finer-grained material may represent the more distal sediments of the Moosonees deposystem. The possible presence of the Raibl Member in the Gumboot/Johnson Lake drill holes is an additional indication that the Moosonees deposystem supplied at least some sediment to this area. If the above interpretation is correct, the southern extent of the Moosonees deposystem is located much further south than previously identified. Additional work is required to test this hypothesis.
4. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to AREVA Resources Canada Ltd., CanAlaska Uranium Ltd., Denison Mines Corp., Hathor Exploration Limited, JNR Resources Inc., Pitchstone Exploration Ltd., Titan Uranium Inc., and UEX Corp. for logistical support in the field. The authors would especially like to thank the company geologists including: Craig Cutts, Damien Ewington, Amber Doney, Riley Hutchinson, Blake Wiggins, and Nancy Normore (AREVA); Karl Schimann (CanAlaska); Marie Barker and Gary Yeo (Denison); Jeannie Bertrand, Chris Madden, Tom Elash, and Alistair McCready (Hathor); Carol Cutforth and Irvine Annesley (JNR); Brent LaPierre, Andy Carmichael, Kristen Gardiner, Steve Blower, and Ted Trueman (Pitchstone); John Dixon, Shawn O’Driscoll, Christa Kernohan, and Rod Koch (Titan); and Sierd Eriks (UEX) for their support and discussions. The authors are also grateful to Gary Delaney for his guidance in setting up this study, and for discussions, and critical comments. Colin Card and Ken Ashton provided constructive feedback in preparing this paper for publication.
5. References Bosman, S.A. and Korness, J. (2007): Building Athabasca stratigraphy; revising, redefining, and repositioning; in
Summary of Investigations 2007, Volume 2, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Ministry of Energy and Resources, Misc. Rep. 2007-4.2, CD-ROM, Paper A-8, 29p.
Polymictic GranuleSandstone
Saskatchewan Geological Survey 13 Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2
Figure 10 - Multi-parameter, quantitative drill log of HLM002C from the Helmer Lake Property and the preliminary interpretive lithostratigraphic contacts 3.
Bosman, S.A., Elmer, S., and Jefferson, C.W. (2008): Preliminary report: lithostratigraphic investigations of the Athabasca Basin; in Summary of Investigations 2008, Volume 2, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Ministry of Energy and Resources, Misc. Rep. 2008-4.2, CD- ROM, Paper A-1, 15p.
Mwenifumbo, C.J. and Bernius, G.R. (2007): Crandallite- group minerals; host of thorium enrichment in the eastern Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan; in Jefferson, C.W. and Delaney, G. (eds.), EXTECH IV: Geology and Uranium EXploration and TECHnology of the Proterozoic Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta, Geological Survey of Canada, Bull. 588/Sask. Geol. Soc., Spec. Publ. No. 18/Mineral Deposits Division (GAC), Spec. Publ. 4, p521-532.
Ramaekers, P., Jefferson, C.W., Yeo, G.M., Collier, B., Long, D.G.F., Drever, G., McHardy, S., Jiricka, D., Cutts, C., Wheatley, K., Catuneanu, O., Bernier, S., Kupsch, B., and Post, R. (2007): Revised geological map and stratigraphy of the Athabasca Group, Saskatchewan and Alberta; in Jefferson, C.W. and Delaney, G. (eds.), EXTECH IV: Geology and Uranium EXploration and TECHnology of the Proterozoic Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta, Geological Survey of Canada, Bull. 588/Sask. Geol. Soc., Spec. Publ. No. 18/Mineral Deposits Division (GAC), Spec. Publ. 4, p155-191.
