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Prepared By: Progressive Safety Services LLC

Definition

Goals/Benefits

Involvement

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Situational Awareness – SLAM Process

Progressive Safety Services ©

The assessment of risks present in a particular environment

Classification of exposure based on the level of risk


Risk is inherent in many situations

Recognize that when it exceeds plan we must step back and re-evaluate our actions/behavior

Maximum Exposure

Plan

Minimal Exposure



Process

◦ A Continuous

◦ Never endingHazard Analysis


Provide a proactive and continuousapproach to identifying, eliminating, controlling, and/or reducing workplace hazards

Engage employees at all levels to work together to create a safe workplace

Change culture


Leads to a collaborative culture

People working together to eliminate, control, and reduce exposure


A Team Approach


Everyone:◦ Management

◦ Operations

◦ Purchasing

◦ Engineering

◦ Project Managers

◦ Contractors


Management

◦ Drive the process

◦ Support the process

◦ Allow resources for success Time

Materials

Knowledge

Training

Money


Operations

◦ Continually analyze the working interface

◦ Seek ways to eliminate, control, or reduce exposure

◦ Communicate hazards


Purchasing◦ Evaluate types of tools, materials and equipment

brought into the work environment

◦ Involve operations in purchasing decisions

Engineering/Project Management◦ Include hazard analysis component on all projects

◦ Are we introducing new hazards into the work environment?

◦ Are there opportunities to eliminate, control, or reduce exposure?


Contractors

◦ Pre-Project Planning

◦ Routine Hazard Analysis

◦ Routine Planning


Job Safety Analysis (Job Hazard Analysis)

The SLAM Process

Have the right tools in your toolbox


Identifying, eliminating, reducing or controlling workplace hazards


Focuses on the tasks or jobs people perform in the work environment◦ Routine

◦ Non-Routine

Focuses on exposure created by actions rather than conditions

Formal versus informal


Job Steps

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Hazards Safe Work Practice/Controls

JSA#:

Job Safety Analysis

Task/Job:

Business Group: Analysis Team:

Facility: Approved By:

Department: Date:

Required PPE – See page two of JSA for personal protective equipment inventory


Select the job

Reviewing the JSA with employees

Select the analysis team

Separate the job into steps

Identify the hazards

Eliminate/reduce/control the hazards

Reviewing/revising the JSA

The JSA Process

The Process


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JSA


Need to effectively select and prioritize the jobs to be analyzed

Several factors should be considered


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Activities with significant incident frequency or severity.◦ Near Misses◦ Incident Reports◦ Last 5-10 years of data

Activities employees feel have the highest risk or potential for severe injury/fatalities.◦ Examples

Cleaning bins Use of sweep auger Railroad operations Others????


Priority Index P= S X F

◦ P= Priority Index Rating

◦ S= Severity Rating◦ F= Frequency Rating

Higher the number, greater the priority

Severity Ratings

5 Fatality

4 Loss of Permanent Function

3 Lost Time Injury

2 Recordable with No Lost Time

1 First Aid Only Injury

Frequency Ratings

5 Multiple Injuries and near miss events in recent past.

3 Few injuries and near misses in the recent past.

1 No injuries or near misses in the recent past.


JSA


Persons who perform the job must be involved◦ Real life example

Recommend the team consist of at least one manager/supervisor and at least one person who performs the job

Suggest limiting the analysis team to no more than 5 people


All team members should be familiar with the JSA process

One person will need to act as the facilitator/leader


JSA


The team should observe the job being performed in the workplace

Videotaping is recommended


Employees must understand that the purpose of the observation is to observe the job/task and not the person.

Observe under normal work conditions:◦ Time of day (shift)

◦ Number of employees typically assigned to job

◦ Weather


After observing the job the team should meet to discuss the sequence of steps.


Each job step should start with an action verb.

For Example:

1. Inspect the work area for hazards.


Enter the job steps into the “Job Steps” Section of the JSA Form

Limit to no more than 15 steps

Job Steps

1. Conduct an inspection of the

work area looking for

hazards.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.


JSA


When evaluating each step ask the question?

◦ Can this step increase exposure leading to an injury?


Types of hazards include (National Safety Council):

Struck Against - Can the worker forcefully strike against anything? ◦ Sharp edges◦ Protruding objects◦ Machinery


Struck By – Can anything move and strike the worker abruptly or forcefully?

Contact – Can the worker come in contact with electrically charged equipment?


Caught-In – Can any part of the worker be caught on any object which could pull them into moving equipment?

Caught Between – Can any part of the body be caught between something moving and something stationary, or between two moving objects?


Fall/Same Level – Can worker slip/trip resulting in a fall?

Fall/Different Level – Can worker fall from one level to another?


Overexertion – Can the worker be injured while pushing, lifting, twisting, reaching, bending or any other motion?

Exposure – Can the worker be exposed to: vibration, excessive noise, extreme temperatures, poor air circulation, toxic gases, airborne dust/fumes, or hazardous chemicals?

Engulfment/Entrapment –Can the worker be engulfed/entrapped by material (grain, fertilizer, etc.)?


Once the hazards have been identified enter them into the JSA form

Insert the Hazard code followed by specific information

Hazards

• Fall/Different Level: Fall from

ladder

•Struck By – Ladder struck by

opening door.

•Engulfment – Bin filled while

person inside.


JSA


Evaluate each hazard

Doing nothing is not an option. Identify all possibilities and decide on the most feasible. List all options regardless of the possible investment.

Use the Hierarchy of Controls to identify the options for addressing each hazard


Personal Protective Equipment

Administrative orProcess Controls

EngineeringControls

Hierarchy of Controls

Start Here

Elimination

Substitution

Eliminate the hazard all together.Example: specialized equipment.

Using a less hazardous means Of accomplishing the task.Example: safe chemical

Design to eliminate hazards.Example: Installing guards, interlocks, barriers, ventilation, etc.

Organize work in a way to minimize hazards.Example: job rotation, procedures

The last resort when trying toeliminate or decrease exposure


If the hazard cannot be eliminated, work to develop safe work practices or controls.

For example:◦ Isolate equipment by locking and tagging out

◦ Keep hands clear of pinch points

◦ Place orange cones around the work area to warn vehicles that work is being performed

◦ Use properly rated stepladder

◦ Wear eye protection


Insert the safe work practice into the appropriate section of the JSA form

Safe Work Practices/Controls

•For improved stability stay off of the top two rungs/steps of the stepladder.

•Maintain three point contact. Do not carry tools or equipment while climbing the ladder.


Identify types of PPE

Evaluate whether permits and equipment are needed for the job:◦ Hot Work

◦ Bin/CSE Entry

◦ Compressed Air

◦ Energized Work


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE ) InventoryInstructions: The PPE checklist should be completed in conjunction with the JSA. Place a check in the box located for each item required. Contact the Safety Department

for assistance.

Head Protection Respiratory Protection Hand/Arm Protection

Hard hat Disposable dust mask Cotton gloves

Electrically rated hard hat Half-face with cartridges Leather gloves

Bump cap Full-face with cartridges Heat resistant gloves

Supplied breathing air – half face piece Cold resistant gloves

Foot Protection Supplied breathing air – full face piece Cut resistant gloves

Steel toed footwear Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) Protective sleeves

Steel toed chemical resistant footwear Chemical resistant gloves

Fall Protection Voltage rated gloves/ leather protective gloves

____ Full Body Harness/Lanyard/ SRL Welding sleeves

Protective Clothing – Body Protection Chemical sleeves

Supplied work uniform Eye/Face Protection

All cotton/fire resistant clothing/coveralls Welding shield or helmet Hearing Protection

Arc flash protective clothing Arc flash rated face shield Ear plugs

Chemical protective suit Dust goggles Ear muffs

Chemical apron Safety Glasses with Side Shields Ear plugs and muffs

Welding apron Chemical Splash Goggles

Reflective clothing Face Shield

Permits Required: check appropriate box Hot Work Confined

Space

Blow

Down

Energized

Work

Line

Breaking

Notes:


JSA


Review routinely for accuracy

Routinely observe performance of the job using the JSA as the standard

No Name, No Blame


Review after:

◦ Change in the work area

◦ Change in equipment, materials, process or procedure

◦ Injury

◦ Near Miss

◦ Any factor that increases exposure


JSA


Review JSA forms with all employees on a consistent basis:

◦ Prior to performing the job

◦ During routine safety training

◦ Toolbox safety meetings


Also review:

◦ When hired or transferred into a new area/dept.

◦ After an injury, near miss or incident


Make JSA forms accessible to employees:

◦ In the work area

◦ Office file

◦ Database


The SLAM Process


The ability to identify, process, and comprehend critical elements of information present in the work environment

Simply put: Being aware of what is going on around us


Even the most experienced workers can lack situational awareness

Varies from person to person

Each worker must be aware of their surroundings and the potential hazards they may encounter


Involves pausing to analyze the required task and work environment

Very similar to the JSA Process


Requires workers to:

◦ Ask whether there is anything in the immediate area that can negatively impact the ability to perform work safely

◦ Identify situations or hazards that require a work stoppage

◦ Identify the actions required to perform the work safely


Stop

Look

Address

Manage

Stop

Look

Address

Manage


Stop – Stop and engage the mind prior to each task

Look – Identify hazards in the work environment and those associated with the task

Address – Act to eliminate, reduce or control hazards

Manage – Stop or delay the work until hazards are adequately addressed.


Hazard analysis is a proactive process for identifying exposure.

Manage exposure versus managing injuries

Utilize Hierarchy of Controls methodology to address exposure

Create an environment where hazard analysis becomes routine and part of the culture


SLAM form “Slam it for Safety”

Quiz over key concepts discuss in webinar

Webinar posted to grainnet.com


This presentation was developed to give general safety information. Progressive Safety Services LLC (Progressive Safety) does not make any representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of the information in this presentation. Refrain from doing any act or omission that are reasonably foreseeable that a particular other person (or class of persons) is likely to suffer damage or loss as a result of the act or omission. Progressive Safety is excluded from liability for negligence for both personal injury and damage to property. The information within this presentation is general. It does not constitute and should not be relied on as legal advice. Progressive Safety Services LLC tries to ensure that the content of this presentation is accurate, adequate or complete, it does not represent or warrant or its accuracy, adequacy of completeness.


Joe Mlynek CSP, [email protected]

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Date post:	09-Jul-2020
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