Preparing for a Web of Things

Preparing For The Web Of Things, Bebo White, J. Boye Web & Intranet Conference, May 7-9, 2013, Philadelphia PA USA

Preparing For

Bebo White

SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryStanford University

[email protected]

1Wednesday, May 8, 13

mailto:[email protected]



I want to discuss with you what I believeto be one of the most disruptive technologies

ever

and I want your opinions



TheStaticWeb

DynamicWebPages

TheParticipatory

Web

TheSocialWeb

TheMultimedia

Web

TheMobileWeb

TheSemantic

Web

TheDataWeb

TheWeb

of Things

No Web X.0 !!



• The Web of Things?? Who asked for that? Is it already here?

• aka Internet of Things, Internet of Objects, Web of Objects, Sensor Web

• Another catch phrase for conferences, venture capitalists & start-ups?

• Web = Internet? Object = Thing?

• Web disappears and encompasses all?







$$14.4 trillion

by 2022(Cisco)

$10-15 trillionto global GDPover next 20

years(GE)

‘of the 1.5 trillion things thathave a potential to be connected,

97% of them are consumer’





• Deals with copies - pages, documents, videos, even some objects

• Is defined by how we can receive/interpret those copies

• Browsers and miscellaneous clients

• Video players

• Printers (even 3D printers)

The Old Web(s)



Now

• We have the capability to fully connect and integrate everyday devices and objects into “a Web environment”

• And use these devices and objects in ways that we can only imagine



Challenges for “the Web of Things”

• What is it? What problems can it solve?

• Architecture - How does it look? What are its components?

• ‘Things’ - what are the ingredients?

• ‘Glue’ - how do things stick together?

• Applications and services - the WOT platform



The Model Human Computer

• Works fine

• when it’s just us and a single device

• when mapping device I/O to 5 senses “makes sense”

• when computing devices “were simple”



Why the MHC is Outdated

• There is now just one computer (the Internet/Web)

• we only have a glimpse into a part of it

• its processing and data potential is limitless

• 5 senses is too few; too many interactions at a time

• humans are not the only entities using it





“By 2040 the Web will exceed humanityin processing power”

--- Kevin Kelly



What is It? (to me)

• A communications revolution

• Communicating not just copying

• An interactive universe of objects, things, data, ideas/concepts and processes both real & virtual

• All objects can be integrated & communicate - co-dependency



In 1997



You are the Designers18Wednesday, May 8, 13


Interactions

• People2People, Objects2Objects, People2Objects, Objects2People

• Without intermediaries or with intermediaries in the background

• MHC interaction have limited range; in WOT range is universal

• Things/objects become transmitter and receiver that can initiate and respond to stimuli



Intent

• Objects/things are named entities

• Objects/things have attributes

• Intents are satisfied by presenting objects/things and their attributes



A Lot of This Isn’t New...

• Ubiquitous computing

• Pervasive computing

• Captology

• Sensors/RFIDs

• Very early attempts at WOT



Trojan Room Coffee Pot

• Cambridge, 1991

• Inspiration for 1st Webcam

• Clear interaction model with clear intent

• Really “on the Web?”



Natural Objects

• Transmit & receive - atoms/molecules, animals/plants, stars/galaxies

• All with deliberate intent according to natural laws

• If you believe in QM, “spooky action at a distance”



Why Shouldn’t Man-made Objects?

• Intent defined by programming and personalization

• Can turn on & off - not always subject to natural law

• Sensitive to security & privacy

• The technology exists



7.5 e18

e23

3.4 e38



Blogjects - objects that blog(Julian Bleeker, USC)



Spimes - “a location-aware, environment-aware, self-logging, self-documenting, uniquely

identified object that flings off data aboutitself and its environment in great quantities”

(Bruce Sterling)



“The significance of technologies like RFID and 2Dbarcoding is that they offer a low-impact way to

‘import’ physical objects into the datasphere,to endow them with an informational shadow”

(Adam Greenfield)



What Does “a Person on the Web” Mean?



• A ‘sensory-sensitive,’ complete unambiguous representation of a person

• Contains all credentials, contacts, friends, preferences

• A ‘digital smell’

• A ‘Turing entity’ with knowledge capture

• Your URI is your ‘human ID’



• Premises

• Nature is data processing engine (and the best)

• The best engineering emulates nature

• Forget the human brain - the Internet/brain comparison is lame

How to Do This?



Consider Field/Gauge Theory

• Objects/things exchange ‘hard data’ & ‘soft data’

• How is the data received?

• Objects/things obey interaction rules



How Does That Differ From This?

• B, C, & D in coverage range of A - when A sends a message who gets it?

• A, B in range of C - when C sends a message who gets it?



Self-Organizing Mesh Networks

• Societies of cognitively cooperating devices “growing from the edges”

• Artificial life, “swarm intelligence”

• Mutual security, group-aligned self interest

• Network as memory

• Emergent sync - they will decide how we interact with them most efficiently - new interfaces - correlation discovery



Critical Object Success Factors

• Accessibility

• Authenticity

• Understandability

• Traceability

• Mashability



Not Without Danger

• Open attacks on ‘low-hanging targets’

• For example, the ‘poster children’ for WOT

• ‘Smart homes/cars’

• Power grid/utilities

• Supply chains



(Ryan Boudreaux)

Vint Cerf’s wine cellar

Insurance spies















Enabling Building Blocks• M2M interfaces &

protocols for communication

• Microcontrollers

• WiFi

• RFID

• Energy ‘harvesting’ technologies

• Sensors

• Actuators

• Location technology

• Software

• etc., etc.



Synergistic Technologies• Geo-tagging/geo-caching

• Biometrics

• Machine vision

• Robotics

• AR

• Mirror worlds

• Telepresence & adjustable autonomy

• Life recorders & ‘personal black boxes’

• Tangible UIs

• Clean/green technologies

• etc., etc.



How About an Auto on the Web?

• Smart cars are old news - ‘chips on wheels’

• Could be subnets on existing networks

• Is it feasible that a car

• Could be a witness in an accident case?

• Could search for a new buyer?

• In other words, ‘have a real identity?’



Summary

• WOT is here and can’t be stopped

• The technology & infrastructure exist

• All objects can have ‘a sliver of Web-ness’

• Numerous R & D challenges (not just about technology)

• Infinite channels for creativity - ‘make the impossible possible’



Creativity48Wednesday, May 8, 13


Q & [email protected]






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Preparing for a Web of Things

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