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Funding of Solar PV Carports and Rooftop Solar for EV Charging
7th November 2012
John Thorby
Overview of presentation
• The state of the Eskom system
• The threats and opportunities created by electric vehicles
• IDM funding mechanisms and programmes
• Scenarios for car hire and fleet operators
• Savings and future design considerations
2012/05/12 2
The State of the Electricity Systemneed for new capacity and energy management
4
South Africa’s power system is constrained and will be for next few years
Eskom, together with stakeholders, have kept the lights on since 2008
Most power stations are in their mid-life and require increased maintenance
Strategy of shifting maintenance outages can no longer be sustained.
Significant maintenance is required to address backlogs
Initiatives are in place to keep the lights on
Introduction
Demand profiles in Summer and Winter
The Threats and Opportunities created by Electric Vehicles
Impact of Electric Vehicles
Threats• EV’s will have a substantial
impact on the demand for electricity
• Eskom does not have sufficient generating capacity to meet the existing demand for electricity
• EV charging infrastructure will put substantial additional load on already overloaded networks
Opportunities• EV’s will result in additional
electricity usage and sales
• EV’s will provide electricity storage capacity which could be a valuable resource
• EV’s could bring investments into the electricity sector
• Developments in EV’s could result in new technologies ie: batteries
2011/11/09 7
Eskom will support initiatives to drive the growth of EV technologies and infrastructure. Eskom will assist with funding of appropriate EV solutions.
2011/11/09 8
IDM Funding Mechanisms and Programmes
2011/11/09 9
Comparison of DSM & Demand Response
Energy Efficiency: DSM• Permanent reduction in energy use
• Invest in more efficient equipment
• Eskom capex subsidy for equipment
Load shifting / Peak Clipping: DSM• Reduce consumption during peak tariff hours
• Invest in control systems
• Eskom tariff price signal & capex subsidy
Demand Response• Reduce consumption during peak system hours
• Utilise storage, excess capacity, or process buffers
• Eskom payment for temporary load reduction
Eskom supports multiple technologies
Air conditioners Heat pumps
Energy efficient lighting systems
Building management systems
Electrical hot water systems
Process optimisation
Solar water heaters
Shower heads
Motors
Eskom has targeted a number of future focus areas
LEDs
Waste Heat Recovery
LSM 4 - 7(number of appliances)
54.1 m
4.1 m
6.5 m
22.1 m
10.7 m
0.09 m
1.2 m
2.4 m
Residential House retrofits
Photovoltaic
Standard Offer
Replace inefficient technologies with a pre-approved suite of energy efficient products
Size: 50kW-5MW (Mon-Fri 6:00-22:00)Market focus: Industrial / Commercial
Standard rate per kWh per technology 42 – 120 c/kWh (Peak Hours)
Sustainability ensured by procuring energy savings over a 3 year period (70% on completion and 10% pa thereafter)
Energy Efficiency payments at a fixed rate for a fixed period (16 hours)
Lighting, LEDs, Hot Water Systems, Solar, Industrial Process Optimisation
SOP projects registered (cumulative progress since Apr 2011)
80 projects
32.3 MW demand savings
209.6 GWh energy savings
3 59 12
1722
27 3036
47
6166
7480
0
50
100
150
200
250
0
20
40
60
80
100
Ap
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Jun
Jul
Au
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Oct
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Jan
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(GW
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cts
No. Of Projects Demand Savings (MW) Energy Savings (GWh)
Standard Product
Small to medium projects
Size: <250kW savingsMarket focus: Commercial
Standard value per rebated item, scaled to 85% of SOPRebate capped at R1,875,000
Pre-approved rebates for deemed energy savings (24/7) achieved through specified technologies – efficient replacements
Lighting, Shower heads, Industrial heat pumpsSPP Projects registered (cumulative progress since Apr 2011)
1,287 projects
50.1 MW demand savings
323 GWh energy savings
4 18 39 67134
238331
460570
688816
983
11501287
-30
100
230
360
0
500
1000
1500
Ap
r
May Jun
Jul
Au
g
Se
p
Oct
Nov
Dec Jan
Feb
Mar
Ap
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May
Dem
and
(M
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& E
ner
gy
(GW
h)
Sav
ing
s
No
. of
pro
ject
s
No. Of Projects Demand Savings (MW) Energy Savings (GWh)
2012/05/12
Demand Response as at 31 Jan 2012
900MW
reduction contracted for current DMP
Up to 2,500MW reduction
potential = DRAPP
Payment of a fixed rate for load reduction at fixed predetermined times.
Demand Market Participation (DMP) programme; Demand Response Aggregated Pilot (DRAPP) programme
DMPSize: Customers with 20-80MW demand reduction potentialMarket focus: Industrial
DRAPPSize: Customers with <10MW demand reduction potentialMarket focus: Small industrial and commercial
Multiple fixed rate per MWhR800/MWh – R1000/MWh.
2012/05/12
Scenarios for Car Hire and Fleet Operators
Car Hire and Fleet Operators
• Car Hire companies and fleet operators are ideally positioned to invest in EV infrastructure:-
• Bulk charging facilities – Rapid charge and others
• PV carports and parking facilities
• Battery maintenance and spares
• Sponsored charging facilities at various key facilities ie: hotels, shopping malls and points of interest
Extending smart grids to electric vehicles
18
GE’s WattStation™ is a high-speed electric vehicle (EV) charger.
Its smart grid-enabled technology could also help utility companies manage the impact of EVs on the local and regional grids.
http://www.ecomagination.com/technologies/wattstation/
Decreases EV charging time from 12-18 hours to as little as 4-8 hours. Enables integration into the electrical distribution system, offering an end-to-end integrated EV infrastructure solution.
Even the normal residential customer could reap the benefits ……..
Nissan Leaf to help power homes
20
Nissan has unveiled a system which enables the Leaf’s lithium-ion batteries to supply electricity to householdsThis allows the Leaf to be used as an electricity storage device for houses in preparation for power outages – a particular concern in Japan, where power supplies have continued to suffer interruptions following the Fukushima nuclear crisis earlier this year.
http://www.environmentalleader.com/2011/08/04/nissan-leaf-to-help-power-homes
`
Ford electric vehicles sold with solar PV systems and solar sunroof option
21
Ford and solar panel maker SunPower Corp. have teamed up to offer a residential solar system designed to offset the electricity used to charge Ford’s new Focus Electric vehicle, which debuts later this year.
In January, Ford announced an agreement with consumer electronics retailer Best Buy to offer a 240-volt home charging station for electric vehicle owners.
All Electric Ford Focus Will Include Optional Rooftop Solar Power System
http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=35036http://solarpowerpanels.ws/solar-power/all-electric-ford-focus-will-include-optional-rooftop-solar-power-system
Savings and Future Design Considerations
Smart City
2011/11/09 23
Participatory Network
2011/11/09 24
Electric Vehicles
http://images.thecarconnection.com/lrg/tk-at-hertz-global-ev-rental-launch-new-york-city-december-2010_100332893_l.jpg
In which energy will play an integral part Evolving Energy Value Chain (IBM)
26
Source: IBM Global Energy and Utilities Industry – Smarter Energy for Smarter Cities
Energy will play an integral part Evolving Energy Value Chain (IBM)
Source: IBM Global Energy and Utilities Industry – Smarter Energy for Smarter Cities
Thank You