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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 1 www.awc.org Prescriptive Prescriptive Residential Wood Residential Wood Residential Wood Residential Wood Deck Construction Deck Construction Guide Guide 2012 IRC Version 2012 IRC Version Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 1 www.awc.org Free Downloads DCA6 Deck Guide www.awc.org/publications/DCA/DCA6/DCA6-12.pdf DCA6 Presentation www.awc.org/pdf/education/20140522_webinar_dca6_2012ircversion.pdf 2 Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council
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Page 1: Prescriptive Wood Construction Guide IRC Version€¦ · 2012 International Residential Code (IRC) ... – Extend ½″ beyond band board • 5/16″ diameter in band boarddiameter

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 1

www.awc.org

Prescriptive Prescriptive Residential WoodResidential WoodResidential Wood Residential Wood Deck Construction Deck Construction 

GuideGuide2012 IRC Version2012 IRC Version

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 1

www.awc.org

Free Downloads

DCA6 Deck Guidewww.awc.org/publications/DCA/DCA6/DCA6-12.pdf

DCA6 Presentationwww.awc.org/pdf/education/20140522_webinar_dca6_2012ircversion.pdf

2Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

Page 2: Prescriptive Wood Construction Guide IRC Version€¦ · 2012 International Residential Code (IRC) ... – Extend ½″ beyond band board • 5/16″ diameter in band boarddiameter

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 2

www.awc.org

Why is this Important?

Deck & Porch Injury Study www.buildingonline.com/news/pdfs/Outdoor‐Deck‐and‐Porch‐Injury‐Study pdfInjury‐Study.pdf Nearly 15% of all deck‐related injuries resulted from structural failure 60% of structural failures are the deck connection to the house 33% are the railing “Except for hurricanes and tornadoes,

more injuries may be connected to deck failures than all other wood building components and loading cases combined!”Dr. Frank Woeste, P.E.

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council3

www.awc.org

Objectives

Identify changes to DCA6-2012

Identify minimum prescriptive wood deck requirementswood deck requirements

Describe minimum material requirements for deck construction including wood members and fasteners

Discuss design requirements and resources if prescriptiveand resources if prescriptive limits are exceeded

Provide deck design examples

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council4

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 3

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Cooperators

Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide – Design for C d A t N 6 (DCA 6)Code Acceptance No. 6 (DCA 6)

Primary Cooperators American Wood Council International Code Council Fairfax County, Virginia

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council5

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Cooperators

Additional Cooperators APA-The Engineered Wood Association

N ti l A i ti f H B ild National Association of Home Builders

Simpson Strong-Tie Company

Southern Forest Products Association

Southern Pine Inspection Bureau

Stairway Manufacturers’ Association

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Washington State University Washington State University

NADRA – North American Deck and Railing Association

WIJMA – Wood I-Joist Manufacturers Association

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council6

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 4

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Code Basis

Basis and Applicability 2012 International Residential Code (IRC)  bracketed text shows reference to 

applicable IRC sections ex. [R317 and R318]. 

Recommended prescriptive construction methods meet or exceed IRCminimum requirements

Provisions not included in IRC are considered good practice recommendations

Where differences exist IRC applies Where differences exist, IRC applies Not intended to preclude use of other 

construction methods or materials All construction and materials approved by 

the authority having jurisdiction

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council7

www.awc.org

Changes to DCA 6‐12

1. Hold-Downs Tension Devices on all Decks2. Aspect Ratio 1:13. Post Height based on Tabulated Values4. No Hollow Masonry Connection to Ledger5. 2x6 Joists Added6. I-joist Details for Hold-Down Tension Device7. Overhang Tables8. Glued Laminated Timber Beams Added9. Footing Options Added9. Footing Options Added10.Knee Braces

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council8

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 5

www.awc.org

Objectives

Identify changes to DCA6-2012

Identify minimum prescriptive wood deck requirementswood deck requirements

Describe minimum material requirements for deck construction including wood members and fasteners

Discuss design requirements and resources if prescriptiveand resources if prescriptive limits are exceeded

Provide deck design examples

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council9

www.awc.org

Minimum Requirements

Single level residential decks only

Hot t bs o tside scope Hot tubs outside scope

Does not apply for snow loads, snow drift loads, or sliding snow loads that exceed 40 psf

Decks shall not be used or occupied until final inspection

d l i b i dand approval is obtained

Alternate methods and materials approved by the building official

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council10

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 6

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Minimum Requirements

Lumber• American Lumber Standards

Committee (ALSC) approved grade markmark

• Naturally durable

• Redwood or Western Cedar

• Preservative treated

• American Wood Protection Association (AWPA)

• Ground contact

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council11

Revised in 2012

www.awc.org

Deck Design Example 1 Deck height = 1'-6" 8' x 12' deck surface Structural members: southern

pine Decking: 5/4 radius edge

southern pine decking Determine sizes for joists, beams,

hangers, footings, stringers, and treads

D t i f t i f

HouseDeck

Joists

Beam

Determine fastener spacing for lag screws in southern pine house band joist

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 12

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 7

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Decking

Dimension lumber (2″ nominal)

Span rated decking ALSC decking policy

Attachment 2-8d commons

2-#8 screws

Spacing 1/8″

Perpendicular or 45°

Bear on 3 joists minimum Bear on 3 joists minimum

Substitution Approved by building official

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council13

New to 2012

www.awc.org

Minimum Requirements

Fasteners Nails – ASTM F 1667

• Threaded nails as stated in this document include helical (spiral)document include helical (spiral) and annular (ring-shank) nails.

Screws – ANSI/ASME B18.6.1

Bolts/Lags – ANSI/ASME B18.2.1

½″ bolts and lag screws prescribed extensively Edge distance and spacing based g p g

on diameter

Need to adjust for larger or smaller fasteners

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council14

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 8

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Minimum Requirements Corrosion Resistance 2012 IRC R317.3

Screws, bolts, nails• Hot-dipped galvanized• StainlessStainless• Silicon bronze• Copper

Hangers and anchors• Galvanized• Stainless

Saltwater exposure• Stainless

GALV. JOIST HANGER NAIL

Other fasteners/hardware• Approved by building official

Flashing• Nominal 0.019” min.

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council15

www.awc.org

Joists

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 16

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 9

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Joists

New to 2012New to 2012

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 17

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Joists

18Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 10

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Deck Design Example 1

Joist Size for 8′ span dimension (w/out overhang) DCA 6 Table 2

2x6 @ 16″ o c 2x6 @ 16 o.c.

New to 2012

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council19

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Joists

DCA 6 Table 2 Allowable overhangs more clearly defined

New southern pine design spans New southern pine design spans

New to 2012

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council20

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 11

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Joists

• Span table development – without overhangs– 40 psf uniform live load

– 10 psf uniform dead load

– No. 2 Grade

– L/360 Deflection Limits

– Wet Service Condition & Incising

21Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

LJ

www.awc.org

Joists

• Span table development – with overhangs– L/180 cantilever deflection limit

– 220 lb point load at the end of cantilever

220 lbs.

22Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

LJ LJ /4

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Joists• AWC Online Span Calculator

– Simple spans (no cantilever)

– Uniform loads

– Wet service conditions

– Incising factor

– 18’-0” MAX (DCA 6)Free at www.awc.org

Apps – not free

23Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Joists

• Incising factor– Refractory e acto y

species

– DFL, HF, SPF

– Reduces strength and stiffness

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 24

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 13

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Joists

Incising factor

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 25

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2012 IRC

Deck Ledger

26Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 14

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• Ledger board depth > deck joist depth

• Ledger board depth < rim joist depth

• Flashing with drip edge

– Corrosion resistant

Ledger Requirements [R507.2.1] 

27Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Ledger Requirements• Ledger board to foundation wall

– Concrete or solid masonry

– ½″ approved anchors

New to 2012

28Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 15

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Ledger Requirements

• I-joists

– 1″ or thicker EWP rim joist• OSB

SCL i l di LVL• SCL including LVL

– <1″ rim joist• Non-ledger deck

• Full plan submission

• Trusses

– 2x4 ribbon• No deck attachment

29

– Requirements• Standard details

• Non-ledger deck

• Full plan submission

• SBCA tech note

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

www.awc.org

Prohibited Ledger Attachment• Exterior veneers

– Brick

– Masonry

– StoneStone

• Requires non-ledger deck

Photo courtesy of John Bouldin. All rights reserved.

30Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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• Cantilevered floors

Prohibited Ledger Attachment

• Bay windows

• Requires non-ledger deck

31Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Ledger Board Fasteners

IRC 2012

32Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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• Virginia Tech & Washington State University

• 3 common conditions

• ½″ diameter lag screws & bolts

Deck Ledger Testing

½ diameter lag screws & bolts

• Fastener spacing values limited to:

– Deck LL=40 psf and DL=10 psf

– Band joist lumber G ≥ 0.42

– Composite rim board with thickness ≥ 1″ and equivalent G ≥ 0.50

– PPT deck ledger lumber with G ≥ 0.43PPT deck ledger lumber with G ≥ 0.43

– Deck ledger can be incised and wet

– Proper installation including flashing

– No decay present

– No fastener corrosion

Photo courtesy of Frank Woeste and Joseph Loferski. All rights reserved.

33Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

www.awc.org

Ledger Fastener Spacing

DCA 6 Table 5 ½″ lag screws or bolts

Solid sawn or EWP Solid sawn or EWP

Stacked washer option

34Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 18

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Deck Design Example 1

Ledger Fastener Spacing Assume 2x10 southern pine house rim board

Assume 2x8 southern pine ledger Assume 2x8 southern pine ledger

DCA 6 Table 5

½″ lag screws @ 23″ o.c.

35Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Ledger Board FastenersIRC 2012

36Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 19

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Ledger Board Fasteners• Placement

– 2″ min. for top row

– 2″ min. from ends

Staggered in 2 rows

• Bolts– ½″ diameter with washers

• Expansion/Adhesive Anchors½″ di t ith h– Staggered in 2 rows

– Bottom row depends on ledger depth

– 5″ max. between rows

– ½″ diameter with washers

– Concrete or solid masonry

– Hollow masonry with grouted cells– Embedment length per manufacturer

37Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

www.awc.org

Ledger Board Fasteners

• Lag Screws– ½″ diameter with washers

– Threads in band board

• Lag Screw Installation– Pilot holes

• ½″ diameter in ledger

• 5/ ″ diameter in band board– Extend ½″ beyond band board • 5/16 diameter in band board

– Insert by turning

– Do not hammer

– Soap or lubricant

– Snug but not over-tightened

38Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 20

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2012 IRC

Deck Lateral

39Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

www.awc.org

Deck Lateral

• Attachment to House– Lateral attachment to

house floor system

– 2012 IRC

– 2 locations per deck

– 1500 lb capacity

– Always required

40Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

New to 2012

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 21

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Deck LateralNew to 2012

41Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Rim Joist Requirements• Decking attachment

– #10 x 3″ min. wood screws @ 6″ o.c.

10d threaded nails @ 6″ o c

• Joist attachment– (3) #10 x 3″ min. wood screws

– (3) 10d threaded nails– 10d threaded nails @ 6 o.c.

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 42

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 22

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Joist‐to‐Beam Connections

• Options– Toe-nails

– Hurricane clipLJ LJ /4

– Joist hangerJ J /

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 43

www.awc.org

Joist‐to‐Beam Connections

• Joist Hangers– Capacity per Table 3A

– Galvanized

– No clips/brackets

J i t H Si

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 44

Joist Hanger Size DCA 6 Table 3A

For 2x6

400 lb joist hanger

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 23

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Beams• Spans

– L/4 maximum overhang

– Splice over posts

– Joists cannot be attached to oppositeJoists cannot be attached to opposite sides of the same beam

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 45

www.awc.org

Deck Design Example 1 Beam Size for 12′ span dimension

DCA 6 Table 3A For 8′ joist span Try 2-2x8: spans 7′-4″

L /4 7′ 4″ /4 1′ 10″

Try 3-2x8: spans 9′-3″ LB/4 = 9′-3″ /4 = 2′-3¾″ 9′-3″ + 2′-3¾″ + 2′-3¾″ =

13’-10½” > 12” OK Use 8′ span with 2′

LB/4 = 7′-4″ /4 = 1′-10″ 7′-4″ + 1′-10″ + 1′-10″ = 11′″ < 12’ NG

poverhangs at each end

*2‐2x10 also works

46Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 24

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Beam Table Spans limited to 18’ due to footer sizes New to 2012

47Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Beams• Assembly

– For built-up beams

– 10d threaded or #10 wood screws

16″ t d– 16″ o.c. staggered

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 48

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 25

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Post Requirements

• 6x6 or larger

• Centered on footings

• Cut ends field treatedCut ends field treated– Copper naphthenate

– [R402.1.2]

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 49

www.awc.org

Post Requirements

• Post-to-Beam– Notch

• 3x or 4x beam

• 2-ply beam

• Two ½″ bolts w/ washers

– Post cap• 3-ply beams

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 50

New to 2012

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 26

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Post Requirements

• Prohibited connection– Beam to side of post

– Ensures wood-to-wood bearing

– Avoids potential issues with non-compliant fasteners

– Bolts in wet service environments have reduced capacity

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

capacity

51

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Footings [R403]

• Depth > 12″ or frost line

• Soil 1,500 psf bearing capacity

New to 2012

52Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Footing Sizes and Post Heights

New to 2012

53

www.awc.org

Deck Design Example 1

Footing Size DCA 6 Table 4 Thickness = 8″ Square = 18″ Round = 20″ Below frost line Post Height = 14′

54Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

New to 2012

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 28

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Footing Design

R

P5 5″

DCA 6 Commentary

P t l d

LLLL50R BBJJ

T

P5.5″Post load: 

424250 R BBJJ

Square footing: 1500

12R

B

Round footing: 1500

412

RD

B or D

Figure C12. Footing dimensions and variables.

1500

Footing thickness: T > P; 2

5.5

DT

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council55

New to 2012 – includes concrete dead load

www.awc.org

Deck Design Example 1 Guard requirements

Deck height < 30″

Guard optional

56Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Southern Pine

2 8

23

812

Deck Design Ex. #1 ‐ Framing Plan

400

N/A

2018

188

80

6N/A

80

08 82

N/A

12

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 57

0

2’ 2’

www.awc.org

Typical Framing Plan

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 58

New to 2012: W>L

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Deck Design Example 2

Deck height = 8'-0" 16' x 20' deck surface Structural members: southern pine

Glued Laminated Timber Beam

Decking: 5/4 radius edge southern pine decking

Framing around a 5′ wide by 2½′ deep bay window

Determine sizes for joists, beams, hangers footings stringers and

HouseDeck

Joists

Beam

hangers, footings, stringers, and treads

Determine fastener spacing for bolts in 1-1/8″ EWP house rim joist

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council59

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Deck Design Example 2

Joist Size for 16′ span dimension (w/ overhang) DCA 6 Table 2

2x10 @ 16″ o c w/ 2’ 0” overhang 2x10 @ 16 o.c. w/ 2 -0 overhang

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council60

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Deck Design Example 2 Beam Size for 14′ span dimension

DCA 6 Table 3B for 14′ joist span 14’-0 + (2) 3’-0” overhangs = 20’

61Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Deck Design Example 2

Footing Size DCA 6 Table 4 Thickness = 14″ Square = 29″ Round = 32″ Below frost line Post Height = 11′

62Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Framing at Chimney or Bay Window

• Headers 6′ maximum span– Use 6x6 post to reduce spans to <6′

– >6′ span requires plan submission

63Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Framing at Chimney or Bay Window

• Trimmers– TripleTriple

• 12"-16" joist spacing

• Spans > 8'-6"

– Double• 24" joist

spacing

• Spans < 8'-6"p

– “a” < 3'

64Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council 33

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Deck Design Example 2 Bay Window

Header = 6′

a = 2’-6”

T i l t i j i t Triple trimmer joist

Trimmer hanger = 1,420 lbs

65Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Knee Braces• Decks > 2′ above grade

– require diagonal bracing

• Parallel to beam – Lag Screw to beam and post

• Perpendicular to beam– Bracing not requiredNew to 2012 g q

66Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Guard Requirements

Adjacent Fixed Seating Requirement

36″ meas rement from seat• 36″ measurement from seat

R312.2 Height. Required guards at open-sided walking surfaces, including stairs, porches, balconies or landings, shall be not less than 36 inches (914 mm) high measured vertically above the adjacentvertically above the adjacent walking surface, adjacent fixed seating or the line connecting the leading edges of the treads.

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Guard Requirements Guard requirements

Deck height > 30″

Guard Required

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Guard Post Testing

• IBC/IRC require guard rails to resist 200 lbconcentrated loadconcentrated load

• Tests require 2.5 safety factor per IBC

• Virginia Tech Research– Typical ½″ bolt or lag

screw connections failedscrew connections failed

– Commercial hold down passed

Photo courtesy of Frank Woeste and Joseph Loferski. All rights reserved.

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Guard Requirements• Minimum 4x4 post

• Bending design value > 1,100 psi– All No.2 species shown in Table 2

C 0 85 C 0 80 C 1 6– CM = 0.85, Ci = 0.80, CD = 1.6

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Guard Requirements

• Guard Post to Rim Joist– Hold down anchors

– Minimum of two ½″ bolts

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Stair Requirements

• Treads and RisersTreads and Risers– 7-3/4″ rise & 10″ run

– Except where amended

– 1x risers

– Treads per Table 6

– Openings < 4″ di hdiameter sphere

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Stair Requirements

St i• Stringers– Minimum 2x12

– Spans per Figure 28

– Intermediate landings permitted

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Deck Design Example 2

Stair Stringers DCA 6 Figure 28

8′ d k h i ht 8′ deck height

Requires 10′-4″ solid stringer span assuming 7¾″ rise and 10″ run 13’-3” > 10’-4” ok

Use a Solid stringer

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Stair Requirements

• StringerStringer Attachment– Hangers

• Sloped joist hanger

• Per manufacturer

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Stair Footings [R403]

• Lighting– Top landing

Ill i t ll l di– Illuminate all landings

– Light switch inside the house

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Stair Requirements

• Stringers– Cut < 18″ o.c.

– Solid < 36″ o.c.

• Treads– Sizes per Table 6

– Connections per Fig 29Fig 29

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Deck Design Example 2

Stair Treads DCA 6 Table 6

Solid Stringer

2x8 southern pine treads

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Southern Pine2 10

2’6”

Deck Design Ex. #2 ‐ Framing Plan

1-1/8” house rim

12

2

600

1420

140

10 10

10 4

82014143.5

32 29 29 14 12

2’

3’

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3’

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Stair Requirements

• Handrails• Handrails– Required for stairs

with 4 or more treads

– Height 34″ – 38″

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Stair Requirements

• Handrails– Type I: 4″ – 6¼″

perimeter

• Circular

– 1¼″ – 2″ diameter

• Noncircular

– Max. cross section 2¼″¼

– Type II: >6¼″ perimeter• Graspable recess

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Stair Requirements

• HandrailsHandrails– Continuous from

lowest to highest riser

– Return to guard at each end

– May be interrupted by guard at turn

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DCA 6 Commentary

Beam

Joist Typ.• Background information

• Example calculations

• Alternate prescriptive provisionsp p p– Ex: Joists framing into 2 sides of the same beam

• 8′-0″ joists from opposite sides• Use 16′-0″ joist spans for equivalent tributary area

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Objectives/Outline

Identify minimum prescriptive wood deck requirements

Describe minimum material Describe minimum material requirements for deck construction including wood members and fasteners

Discuss design requirements and resources if prescriptive limits are exceededlimits are exceeded

Provide a deck design example

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Additional Resources

2012 National Design Specification® (NDS®) for Wood Construction Structural lumber

• Design values

Column design

Beam design

Connection design

Footing design Per engineering mechanics

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council85

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Design Values

Structural Lumber Classifications Dimension Lumber

Rectangular or square cross-section 2" - 4" thick and 2" or more wide

Beams and Stringers Rectangular cross-section 6" x 8" and larger Graded for strength in bending on

narrow face

Posts and Timbers Posts and Timbers Square or nearly square cross-section 5" x 5" and larger Graded for use as posts

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Design Values Design values are assigned to predict strength and stiffness properties to

meet engineering design requirements

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Design Properties ‐ Bending

88

Fiber Stress in Bending Fb

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Design Properties ‐ Compression

Compression Parallel to Grain Fc||

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Lumber Adjustment Factors

Most common adjustment factorsadjustment factors for decks

Beams/Joists

Columns

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Load Duration Factors

Assumption for decks isfor decks is occupancy live load

91Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Load Duration Curve

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Size Adjustment Factor

Common for joists/beams

93Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Repetitive Member Factor, Cr

2"- 4" dimension lumber

24" o.c. or less

3 or more members

Cr = 1.15 3 or more members

Load distributing element

Applies to Fb

For decks Joists

Built-up beams

94Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Wet Service Factor, CM

Note the adjustment is unity if:

FbCF < 1150 psiFbCF < 1150 psi

95Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Incising Factor, Ci Sawn Lumber -

Refractory Species

Increase Increase Preservative Penetration

0.4" Depth

3/8" Length

1100 teeth / ft2

densitydensity

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Incising Factor, Ci

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Adjustment Factors ‐ Example

No. 2 grade, 2x8 Hem Fir deck joist, 16" o.c., incised, wet use, tabulated Fb = 850 psi CF = 1.2

CM = 1.0

Ci = 0.80

Cr = 1.15

Allowable Fb' is:850(1.2)(1.0)(0.80)(1.15) = 938 psi

Used to calculate joist spans

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Span Tables for Joists and Rafters Floors, ceilings, rafters Loads

Dead loads - 5, 10, & 20 psf Live loads - 20, 30, 40, 50, & 60 psf

D fl ti it i Deflection criteria • L/180, L/240, & L/360• Adjustment factors for L/480 & L/600

Design value adjustments Size factor Repetitive member Load duration Wet service Incising Incising

Free at www.awc.org Span table tutorial

www.awc.org/technical/spantables/tutorial.php

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council99

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Span Calculator

• AWC Online Span Calculator– Simple spans (no cantilever)

– Uniform loads

– Wet service conditions

– Incising factor

100Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Column Design

Columns and posts must be designed for stability and load carrying capacity Tributary area Floor/deck load Column or post length (height)

Design of solid columns with unbraced lengths in either the strong or weak gaxis requires buckling analysis in accordance with NDS 3.7

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Post Height for DCA 6

6x6 minimum

8x8 Alternate DCA 6 Commentary

14' max. height

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Beam/Joist Design

Beam/Joist Spans are based on Species and grade of lumber Cross-sectional size of beam Tributary load it supportsTributary load it supports

Design Considerations Bending Shear Deflection Bearing

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council103

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Joist/Beam Design ‐ Notches

Notching Provisions – Sawn Lumber NDS 3.2.3 & R502.8

OUTER THIRD OF SPAN ONLY

1/3 JOISTDEPTH, MAX.

DEPTH, MAX. 1/4 JOIST

1/6 JOISTDEPTH, MAX.

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Column and Beam Design

Tables simplify process

Wood Structural Design Data (WSDD)Data (WSDD) Column load tables

Beam load tables

Requires adjusted design values

Free at www.awc.org

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council105

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Connection Design

• NDS design values– Equations

Tables– Tables

– Penetration

– Spacing, end, and edge distance

– Tension perpendicular to grain

• MaterialsWood to wood– Wood to wood

– Wood to steel

– Wood to concrete

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NDS Capacity Tables

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NDS Connection Calculator

• Single fasteners

All 6 i ld d• All 6 yield modes

• ASD and LRFD

• Free at www.awc.org

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Spacing, End, & Edge Distances

P ll l tParallel to Grain

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Spacing, End, & Edge Distances

Perpendicular to Grain

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Connecting Wood

Tension perpendicular to grain Achilles heel of wood connectionsAchilles heel of wood connections

initiators:• notches• large diameter fasteners• hanging loads• shrinkage• shrinkage

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Tension Perpendicular‐to‐Grain

NDS Table 11.5.1C

Footnote 2Footnote 2

Restricts loading the tension zone

Applies to ledgers if constructed with a single row of fasteners

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council112

single row of fasteners as shown

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Tension Perpendicular‐to‐Grain

NDS Table 11.5.1C

Footnote 2Footnote 2

Restricts loading the tension zone

Applies to ledgers if constructed with a single row of fasteners

NA

Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council113

single row of fasteners as shown

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Saturated CCMM = 1.0 if:= 1.0 if:

Wet Service Factor, CM

19% MC

Dry

CM 0.4 Lateral load (D>1/4″)

fabrication MCin-service MC

1 fastener

2+ fasteners

CM 0.4 Lateral load (D 1/4 )split splice plates

114Copyright © 2014 American Wood Council

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Free DEMOwww.woodworks‐software.com

Resources

Free technical supportsupport@woodworks‐

software.com

Sales supportSales supportsales@woodworks‐

software.com

www.awc.org

Purchase online

Resources

woodworks‐software.com

Design Office: $895Sizer:  $295

Also:Discounts for NEW multi‐seat purchases

($805.50) 

($265.50)

Free for educators and building officials

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Resources

DCA6 Deck Guidewww.awc.org/publications/DCA/DCA6/DCA6-12.pdf

DCA6 Presentationwww.awc.org/pdf/education/20140522_webinar_dca6_2012ircversion.pdf

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ResourcesWood Design Focus

• Deck Issue

• www.forestprod.org/

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Downloads

AWC DCA6 Deck Guidewww.awc.org/publications/DCA/DCA6/DCA6-12.pdf

AWC DCA6 Presentationwww.awc.org/pdf/education/20140522_webinar_dca6_2012ircversion.pdf

AWC DCA6 One-Pager to Post to Websitewww.awc.org/pdf/DCA6-ResidentialDeckGuide-2012-onepager.pdfg p p g p

Forest Products Society - Wood Design Focuswww.forestprod.org

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Questions

??www.awc.org

[email protected]

202-463-2766

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