The Present perfect Tense

Present perfect and its usage:

1) To talk about situations that began in the past and continue up to now

Mrs. Oh has been a teacher since 2002.•Rita knows Rob. They met two months ago. She has known him three years ago. I have known him for three years.

Notice the use of since vs for in the examplesSince+ a specific point in time(e.g. , 2002)

For+ a length of time (e.g. , two months, three years).

2) To talk about events that have (or haven’t) happened before now. The exact time of the event is unspecified.

Example:

A. Have you ever seen snow?B. No, I haven’t. I have never seen snow.

A. Have you finished your homework yet? I still haven’t finished mine. Jack has already finished his.

The adverb ever, never, yet, still, and already

3) To express an event that has occurred repeatedly from a point in the past up to the present time.

Example:We have had three test so far this term.I have met many people since I came here.

Affirmative statement

To make an Affirmative future progressive statement, simply follow this pattern:

Subject+has/have +Past participle

past participle: - regular verbs: main verb in base form + -ed- irregular verbs: 3rd form of the verbExample:Regular verb:

•I/we/you/they have opened the window.•He/she/it has opened the window.Irregular Verb:•I/we/you/they have gone to the supermarket.•He/she/it has gone to the supermarket.

Negative statement

To make a negative present perfect statement, simply follow the following

pattern:

Subject+has/have +Past participle

Regular verb:

•I/we/you/they have not opened the window.

•He/she/it has not opened the window.

Irregular Verb:I/we/you/they have not gone to the supermarket.He/she/it has not gone to the supermarket.

Question

To make a question in the present perfect, simply follow the following pattern:

Has/Have+subject+Past participle

Regular verb:

•Have I/we/you/they opened the window?

•Has he/she/it opened the window?

Irregular Verb:•Have I/we/you/they gone to the supermarket?•Has he/she/it gone to the supermarket?

Affirmative Negative Question

I taking a showerI will not be taking a

showerWill I be taking a

shower?

you will be running home

you will not be running home

will you be running home?

She will be reading a magazine.

She will not be reading a magazine.

Will She be reading a magazine?

We will be playing a computer game

We will not be playing a computer game

Will we be playing a computer game?

He will be writing a letter

He will not be writing a letter

Will he be writing a letter?

Present perfect form

Exercise:

Make sentences in present perfect tense.

Affirmative Negative Question

Karen has sent me an e-mail

Karen hasn’t sent me an e-mail

colin has gone to a concert

Has colin gone to a concert

We have done the shopping for our

grandmother

Have we done the shopping for our grandmother?

They have already packed their

rucksacks

They haven’t already packed their

rucksacks