PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
By: Mayra Monroy
1. What is present perfect tense?
Present perfect can have these functions1:
A) It describes a state, event or habit that started in the past, and continues to the present and may continue into the future.
Example: I have lived in this house for six years.
B) It describes an event which was completed sometime in the past, but which has some significance to the present.
• Example: I’m not hungry just now. I’ve just eaten.
C) It describes an experience you had in the past which you remember clearly.
Example: I have done a bungee jump.
D) We use the present perfect form to check that something has been done or completed.
Example: Have you finished the washing up yet?
2. Present perfect forms
• These are the corresponding forms for present perfect:
Positive: Subject +has/have+past
participle+complement
Example:
• • He hasn’t read all the book.He hasn’t read all the book.
Negative: Subject+has not/have not+past
articiple+complement
Example:
Interrogative: Have/has+subject+past participle+complementExample:
• • We We have not been in Carnival at Rio Janeiro yet.
• Have you ever had an Have you ever had an accident?accident?
• You can use short answers with present perfect, and the corresponding contractions:
• Have you heard about Spielberg’s new film? Yes I have/ No I haven´t
Yes He has/ No, he hasn´t
-
Have + notHave + not
Has + notHas + not
• Remember that there are two forms of verbs: Regulars and irregulars.
ANEX 2:REGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
Fix fixed fixed
Want wanted wanted
Talk talked talked
Open opened opened
Close closed closed
Pull pulled pulled
Push pushed pushed
Share shared shared
Study studied studied
Call called called
Cook cooked cooked
Ask asked asked
Wash washed washed
ANEX 2:IRREGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
Run ran run
Sleep slept slept
Write wrote written
Read read read
Buy bought bought
Cut cut cut
Think thought thought
Take took taken
Break// broke broken
Find found found
Give gave given
Swim swam swum
Win won won
• Go to the following web pages and make the exercises:
• http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/pperf.htm • http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/pperf1.htm• http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/pperf2.htm• http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/pperf3.htm
EXERCISES
• To learn correct pronunciation of past regular verbs, go to the following web pages and practice:
• http://www.engvid.com/past-tense-regular-verb-pronunciation/• http://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/-ed.htm• http://netgrammar.altec.org/Support/a101b4_101000.html
GOOD LUCK!GOOD LUCK!
PRONUNCIATION
REFERENCES
• http://www.englishforums.com/English/PresentPerfectFunctions/gnqbh/post.htm
• http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Yellow%20Level/Y4%20-%20Present%20Perfect%20Negative.html
• Top Notch 2. Pearson Longman