Low Energy Building Design 2010

Presentation 2TEAM ZEROArnaud Gibert

Bintou OuedraogoDanny Tang

Naeema HafeezPaul Dupuy

AimIs to design 3 housing types which will form a

20 dwelling net zero carbon community, located in rural Ayrshire

Designed to Code Level 5 or better

To be an exemplar of sustainable, low energy design for the future developments

Tasks

Passive House StandardExterior shell insulated to achieve a u-value

not exceeding 0.15W/m2

U-value between 0.11-0.15 W/m2

Making full use of solar energySouthern orientation and shade considerations

Energy Efficient window glazing and framesU-value should not exceed 0.80W/m2 for both

the glazing and frame of windowTotal energy demand for space heating and

cooling should be less than 15kWh/m2/yr

Study of MaterialsStructural Frame of Building

Steel High in embodied energy Rarely ever used in construction of homes Omitted from selection

Concrete High in embodied energy Heavyweight material Used mainly for larger buildings Should be avoided

Timber-final choiceLow in embodied energyCan be locally sourced from siteEnergy efficient material

Study of Materials Insulation materials

Recycled newspaper Hemp Straw Bales Sheep’s wool

In the end it was decided that insulation will not be required because the material we are using are straw bales and therefore act as a load bearing wall and provide insulation

Walls Timber cladding ThermoPlan Ziegel Blocks

Excellent thermal performance Finished construction airtight Low wastage Very low in embodied energy- However, they have to be transported from Germany- increase the embodied

energy of the material Rammed Earth

Straw Bales-Final choice 450mm thick can be 300mm Very Low in embodied energy- 0.24MJ/kg (University of

Bath) Low u-value 0.13W/m2 Very high level of insulation

Windows and FrameTriple-glazing windows with Timber frame

Improved energy efficiency Exterior noise reduced

U-value for triple glazing is 2.0W/m2

U-value for triple-glazing with multiple low emissivity coatings and Xenon filled = 0.4W/m2

2 Bedroom Design

3 Bedroom Design

4 Bedroom Design

Energy DemandsPassive house standards :

Space heating : 15 kWh/m²/yearHot water : 9 kWh/m²/yearAppliances : 16 kWh/m²/yearVentilation : 2 kWh/m²/year

Total habitable surface : 2640 m²Total thermal requirements : 9.7 kW

(average)Total electrical requirements : 7 kW

(average)

SolarSurface available :

524 m² for the community.Power density :

152 W/m²

ThermalSchuco Sol Premium line

Thermal output : 2kWSurface : 2.69 m²Total surface for the community : 60 m²

Using power density for calculationTotal output (Community): 10kW

PhotovoltaicSolar century C21e

Electrical output : 143 W/m²Module efficiency : 14.9 %Surface for the community :450 m²

Using power density for calculationTotal output : 10kW

CHPYanmar : CP10VB1

Electrical output : 9.9 kWThermal output : 16.8 kW

Ventilation Ventilation system:

Mechanical Ventilation mixed with passive natural ventilation

Displacement ventilationHeat recovery system

Heat loss 7kWh/m2 per year

VentilationVentilation requirement:

Excellent outdoor air quality -> 0 decipolIndoor air quality B (20% PD) -> 1.4 decipolPollution level from materials 0.1 olf/m2Pollution from occupant 1olf/persExpected ventilation effectiveness 1.5Required Ventilation

10 x Pollution load/(( Indoor AQ – Outdoor AQ)x effectiveness)

-> 0.67 l/s per m2 or 78l/s, 84 l/s and 112l/s for the 3

houses

VentilationVentilation- Energy consumption:

120W for the 2 Bedrooms , 150W for the 3 and 200W for the 4

12h/ days, 250 days per year

-> 360kWh/year for the 2 bedrooms house

-> 450kWh/year for the 3 bedrooms house

-> 600kWh/year for the 4 bedrooms house

LightingLighting Requirement:

Kitchen, Bedrooms, Study, Bathroom 300 luxLiving room, Dinning Room 200 luxCorridors 100 luxRequired lighting =

Required illuminance x Area / lamp lumen output x utilization

factor

LightingLighting System:

Natural Lighting Windows on the south Solar tubes on the north

Luminaries for the night or cloudy days

Fluorescent Lamp Compact

LightingLighting- Energy Consumption:

350W for the 2 bedrooms420W for the 3 bedrooms500W for the 4 bedrooms

10h/days in winter8h/days in spring and autumn6h/days in summer

-> 650kWh/year for the 2 bedrooms house-> 850kWh/year for the 3 bedrooms house-> 1,000kWh/year for the 4 bedrooms house

WaterWater requirement:

100l/day per personWater system

Grey water recycling system

TransportationAlternative for cars

Cycling, rollerblading and walkingPublic TransportsBus stop

Electric CarsAdvantages:

Price of electricity Little noise

Solar ParkingSolar Panel

TransportationBlue Car

Bats cap Lithium Metal polymer battery Life span 10 years Entirely recyclable

Recharging time: 4 hours Average autonomy: 25o km

Plan of WorkUse ESP-r modelMore details drawingsModel ventilation and Lighting in more detail

Homer Calculate embodied energy of materials

CostTransportation- more detail

Any Questions??