Presentation of Article SummaryNURHAZMAN ABDUL AZIZ (WHA 140004)

AHMAD FAHMI FAIZA (WHA 140005)

WXGX6101 | 2014 SEMESTER 1 RESEARCH FOUNDATION IN COMPUTER SCIENCES

UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA

Title of Article

Social media-based systems: an emerging area of information systems research and practice

By: Gohar Feroz KhanSchool of Industrial Management, Korea University of Technology and Education (KoreaTECH)

Published in Scientometrics (2013) 95: 159-180DOI 10.1007/s11192-012-0831-5

A little bit about this journal…

Scientometrics ISSN: 0138-9130 (Print) 1588-2861 (Online)

Scientometrics is concerned with the quantitative features and characteristics of science and scientific research. Emphasis is placed on investigations in which the development and mechanism of science are studied by statistical mathematical methods.

The journal publishes original studies, short communications, preliminary reports, review papers, letters to the editor and book reviews on scientometrics. Due to its fully interdisciplinary character, the journal is indispensable to research workers and research administrators .

It provides valuable assistance to librarians and documentalists in central scientific agencies, ministries, research institutes and laboratories.

Objective about this article

Review of Social media-based systems (SMS) & Information System (IS) – total of 274 papers between 2003 - 2011 Definition of SMS

Comparison of SMS and older Information Systems.

Findings of current SMS research.

Discussion

Implication

Conclusion

Definition of SMS Social media-based systems (SMS)

“an application of a wider range of social software and social media phenomenon in organizational and non-organization context to facilitate every day interactions”

An example of a Social media-based systems (SMS) The evolution of customer relationship management system like

SalesForce, TigerCRM and SugerCRM.

A couple of elements contribute to the SMS build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and

that allow the creation and exchange of User Generated Content.

this is to achieve the business goals.

Comparison of SMS and older ISs. IS research Focus Assumption / Scope Informational

Properties

Conventional IS Technology; Organization

Technology alone can bring efficiency and productivity in a work environment

Bureaucratic; Technical

Socio-Technical IS

Technology; Organization; People

Interdependence among technological (e.g. devices, tools, and techniques), social (knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values of workers), and environmental (e.g. customers and suppliers relations and the rules and regulations governing these relations) is required for efficiency and productivity in a work environment. (Eg. Saleforces)

Bureaucratic; Formal; Limited sharing; Tightly controlled

Social media-based systems

Application of a wider range of social software(or computing)and social media phenomenon in an organizational and non-organization context to facilitate timeliness, accuracy, and completeness of information (Eg. Saleforces)

Organizational social media-based systems

Technology; Organization; People; Social Media Phenomenon

Joint optimization of technical, social, and environmental subsystem is required and can be facilitated by embedding social media phenomenon in a work environment to facilitate timeless, accuracy, and completeness of information within formal or bureaucratic arrangements (Eg. McAfee Enterprise 2.0)

Social; Informal; More sharing greater value / impact; boundary-less; diverse; limited control

Personal social media-based systems

Technology; People (Public); Social Media Phenomenon

Social media phenomena embodied systems utilized by ordinary citizens to manage their personal and professional information timely, accurately, and conveniently. (Eg. Wikis, Blogs, Facebook)

Social; Personal; More sharing greater value / impact; boundary-less; diverse; no control

Findings of current SMS research

Methodology used Article selection

– systematic literature review + social network techniques for data analysis.

the data was extracted from Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI- EXPANDED); Social

Sciences Citation Index (SSCI); Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) database of the Web of Science (WoS).

its reliable and stable nature among the sources currently available

A total of 274 articles appeared in 53 journals

What research query was entered

the following research query was entered in WoS database: Search Query (as of August 12, 2011) Topic = (‘‘social media’’ OR

‘‘social network analysis’’ OR ‘‘social network’’ Or ‘‘social network site’’ OR ‘‘social network system’’)

Refined by: Web of Science Categories = (COMPUTER SCIENCE INFORMA- TION SYSTEMS) AND Document Type = (ARTICLE) Time-span = 2003–2011. Databases = SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI.

The results: using systematic literature review

plays important role in the development of a field

Serve two purposes

First, it may help researchers analyze and synthesize a well established area using an accumulated body of existing research

Secondly, it helps to tackle and characterize an emerging area or issue that would benefit from exposure to potential theoretical bases

From the results, they applied Social network Analysis techniques

CLR are useful in revealing some general and visible characteristics of a research field; however, they stand short in revealing hidden structures and properties a research domain (Khan and Park 2011), such as, keyword mapping and burst detection.

Therefore, they employed SNA technique (Wasserman and Faust 1994), alongside CLR, to reveal hidden characteristics of SMS research (i.e. keyword mapping and burst detection) from network point of view not visible otherwise

Findings of current SMS research (cont)

Types of SMS research stream1. Organizational aspect

2. Non-organizational aspect

3. Technical aspect

4. Social as a tool

Organizational aspect

The research stream deals with SMS in organizational context (i.e. OSMS). The stream is visible in Fig. 2 (see stream 2 and 3 in Fig. 2 and in Table 5) by the burst terms, for example, organization, business, competition, project, collaboration, and coordination.

The research stream disuses OSMS issues at intra- and inter-organizational organizational scale, for example, inter-firm networks over the web (Jin et al. 2008), inter-organizational systems and firm’s competiveness (Chi et al. 2008), team work and collaboration (Yang and Tang 2004), competition and trust in the online market (Bolton et al. 2008), enterprise social networking (Richter et al. 2011), web-based information system (Cai 2006), infor- mation flow and social network of line-managers (Mackenzie 2003), management of virtual community (Wang and Chen 2004), product selection behavior (Maicas et al. 2009), cultural factors and information sharing in organizations (Shin et al. 2007), privacy (Liang et al. 2011), social capital (Chow and Chan 2008; Lin and Huang 2009), technology adoption (Lin and Huang 2009), trust in e-commerce environment (Hwang and Yuan 2009), knowledge exchange (Lin and Chiou 2010), marketing (Li et al. 2010), and tagging behavior (Angus et al. 2008).

Stream 2 & 3

Non-organizational aspect

The research stream discuses social information system from ordinary citizen’s perspec-tive; mainly, the research stream discuses adoption and use behavior (Hester 2011; Hsiao 2011; Lee et al. 2011; Yeh et al. 2011; Massari 2010; Sledgianowski and Kulviwat 2009; Wang and Chiang 2009) of PSMS to manage their personal and professional information,

for example, wikis, blogs, and social networking tools, such as, usage of linked-in, Cyworld, and Facebook (see Fig. 2 stream 1 and Table 5) (Hsiao 2011; Lee et al. 2011; Yeh et al. 2011). For

Stream 1

Technical aspect

Technical stream of the SMS research looks into the technical aspect of SMS in organizational and non-organizational context (see Fig. 2 stream 5 and Tables 5, 6).

Researchers discuss issues, such as, design, architecture, and algorithms (Alon et al. 2010; Rodriguez et al. 2006; Caverlee et al. 2010; Allen et al. 2010; Shekarpour and Katebi 2010; Shapira and Zabar 2011) related to SMS, for example, clustering algorithms (Bar-Yossef et al. 2006),

Stream 5

Table 6

Social as a tool

This research stream deals with the application of social network analysis (SNA) (& techniques) as a tool to analyze different aspect of a phenomenon within computer information system research domain (see Fig. 2 stream 4 and Table 6).

For example, SNA is employed to analyze organizational and individual collaborative social networks, such as, organizational networks (Yang and Tang 2004; Long and Siau 2007), collaborative and scientific networks (Oh et al. 2006; Li-chun et al. 2006), individual networks (Truex et al. 2011), such as, authors citation networks (Johnson and Oppenheim 2007), and editorial- board networks (Malin and Carley 2007). Other

Stream 4

Table 6

Discussion In this study, we tried to characterize SMS, as an emerging area of IS research

using a mixed approach (Khan and Park 2011).

Stream 1, was mostly dealing with organizational aspect of social media usage and adoption within the information system context.

Stream 2, of the SMS research was dealing with non-organizational aspect of the social media in the context of the information system research i.e. dealing with the adoption and usage of social media systems.

Similarly, they found that stream 3 of the research was dealing with technical issues related to social media usage in the context of information system research.

Finally, stream 4, was concern with the application of social media related tools (Ackland 2009) to the analysis of the hidden phenomenon within the information system domain.

Concept of sociomation

proposed a distinction between socio-technical IS and SMS based on the information perception, for example, the main characteristic that distinguishes SMS from socio-technical IS (and conventional IS) is the concept of sociomation.

the more sociomation is shared the greater value/ impact it will have (e.g. the value/effect can be measured in terms of attracting more followers in an online social space or in terms of having greater socio-political impact on society or organizations).

Implications (From the practitioners’ point of view)

this study calls for special considerations while using social media in organizational settings,

for example, to take full advantage of social media, fundamental principle/properties of sociomation (identified in this study) should be entertained i.e. unlike the conventional and socio-technical IS where information is bureaucratic, formal, bounded within the intranet, and tightly controlled by organizations; in the social media context, information is social, informal, boundary-less (i.e. boundary is within the internet well beyond organizational network), organizations has less control over it, and more sharing of information may lead to higher value/impact. It must noted that they are not suggesting that SMS may/will replace socio-technical IS, rather it will complement it. Socio-technical

Implications (the researchers’ point of view) this study identified and characterize an emerging research area that will bring in

revolutionary paradigms for IS research and practical use.

In this research, they identified the third wave in computing after conventional and socio-technical IS (Bostrom and Heinen 1977; Briggs et al. 2010) that needs to explored further in future research. For example, some key questions related to the value/impact of the sociomation need to

be answered in future research.

For example, why some sociomation attract more attention or has more value/impact than other? How

How can we determine/measure the value/impact of sociomation?

How the values of sociomation changes over time?

Does it follow increasing or decreasing return principle? To

Limitations

The first and foremost is that they analyzed articles that were indexed in WoS database only.

Thus, they were unable to include several other outlets, namely IS conference proceedings, books, mini tracks, and some other journals, which may important sources be of IS research, but are not ISI indexed.

A second limitation is that when retrieving our sample, they tried to employ all the commonly-known keywords related to social media phenomena; however, social is a fast evolving phenomenon, thus we may have excluded some keywords not in our knowledge-base.

Conclusion

The author concluded that:

“unlike the conventional and socio-technical IS, in the SMS context, information is social, informal, boundary-less has less control, and more sharing of information may lead to higher value/impact.”