Presentation on ABB GCB

8/18/2019 Presentation on ABB GCB

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Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems

ABB Switzerland LtdHigh Voltage Products

PTHG-V / Marta Lacorte

Business Development LAM

High Current Systems


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Layout without

Generator Circuit-Breaker

Layout with


G

GCB

G

Generator Circuit-Breaker? What are we talking about?


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Simplified operation

Improved generator protection

Improved main and unit transformers protection

Increased power plant availability

Decreased costs (case dependent)

Advantages of Generator Circuit-Breakers


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GCB

clear and logical plant arrangement

generator starting-up or shutting-down

only GCB operates

switching operations number reduction

power plant and the high-voltage grid operationresponsibilities clearly defined

Simplified Operation


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generator, main and unit transformers differential

protection zones maximum selectivity

Generator-fed short-circuit currents four cyclesinterrupted

Generator, main and unit Transformers ImprovedProtection


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simplified operation

clearly defined operational responsibilities

reduced operational errors

more reliable generator synchronisation

Increased Power Plant Availability


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rapid and selective clearing clearance of all types of

faults

avoid expensive secondary damage

avoid long down repair times

main or unit transformer tank bursting

generator damper winding thermal destruction

turbine-generator mechanical destruction

Increased Power Plant Availability


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associated items of switchgear integration into GCB enclosure

simpler and more economic power plant layouts

simpler and more economic erection and commissioning

elimination of station transformer and associated high-voltage and medium-voltage switchgear

increased power plant average availability

0.3…0.5 %

increased operating hours

higher power plant operator profit

Decreased costs (case dependent)


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Requirements for Generator Circuit-Breakers

GCB requirements transmission and distribution CBrequirements

GCB high technical requirements

Rated current

Short-circuit currents (system-source and generator-source)

Fault currents due to out-of-phase conditions

Fault currents asymmetry, delayed current zeros

Recovery Voltages rate-of-rise


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Generator circuit-breakers installed between generator and step-

up transformer are not within the scope of this standard

Standards IEC 62271-100 / 2001 (former IEC 56)


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Standards

IEEE C37-013

1. Scope

This standard applies to all ac high-voltage generator circuit breakers ratedon a symmetrical current basis that areinstalled between the generator and thetransformer terminals. Pumped storageinstallations are considered a special

application, and their requirements arenot completely covered by this standard.

NOTE — Since no other national orinternational standard on generatorcircuit breakers exists, this standard isused worldwide.


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ABB Generator Circuit Breakers worldwide

DB 1954-1993

DR 1969-1998

HEK 1984-1999

HGI 1992-

HEC 3-6 1995-

HGC 1998-

HEC 7/8 2000-

HECS 2003- HECPS 3/5S 2005-

Our business card is nearly 5‘500units installed and operating worldwide

Airblast GCB > 1900 unitsSF6 GCB > 3450 units


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ABB Switzerland Ltd, High Current Systems

Design and Manufacturing inZurich-Oerlikon, Switzerland

Approx. 100 Employees

Deliveries in 2006: 352 GCB‘s

Market share world-wide: >70%

January 2007: received orders for almost 3600GCB‘s in SF 6 technology (since 1985)

Worldwide more than 3000 ABB GCB‘s (SF6) arealready in operation

> 7 0 %


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GCB PORTFOLIO 2006

6300A 8000A 10500A 13000A 18000A 23000A 24000A 28000A (57000A)

210kA

160kA

140kA130kA

100kA

80kA

63kA50kA

HGI 2

HGI 3

HECS-100 (HECPS-3S / HECS-100R)

HECS-130 (HECPS-5S / HECS-130R)

HEC 7S HEC 7 HEC 8

Rated Current [A]

Short Circuit Current [kA]

HECS- 80


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GCB type: HECS (SF6)

Development of Generator Circuit-Breaker


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10

7

7

Generator Circuit-Breaker System Type HECS


Series Disconnector

Capacitors

Starting Disconnector for SFC

Manuell Short-Circuit Connection

Earthing Switches

Current Transformers

Potential Transformers

Surge Arrestor

Motorized Short-Circuit Connection

G

1

2

3T

3G

9

MO

6G

6T

5

4

8

8

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)


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Generator Circuit-Breaker System Type HECS

View into one pole of Circuit-breaker type HECS-130L

Surge arrester

Current transformer

Voltage transformer

Series Disconnector

Interrupting chamber


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Interruption Chamber and Disconnector

of the circuit-breaker type HECS-100L

Interrupting chamber

Series Disconnector

View through the inspection windows

of HECS to assure that the disconnectswitch is in the open position.


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Earthing Switch - HECS

Earthing switch

In CLOSED position

Semaphore and keylocking


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Hydro-Mechanical Spring Drive – HMB 4.5

Schematic diagram of the hydraulicspring operating mechanism

View of a hydraulic springoperating mechanism


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Current Transformer / Voltage Transformer

Current transformer

According toIEC 60044-1or IEEE C57.13

Voltage transformer

According toIEC 60044-2or IEEE C57.13


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ABB GCB advantages

Dimensions GCB ABB smaller in width and smaller length

less transportation cots and more flexibility for installation

transport units GCB totally mounted in the factory, the three phases and the control

cubicle mounted in the structure. Shorter commissioning time, lessassembling on site, less assembling mistake,higher availability

mechanic-hydraulic drive thousands of units installed in the world, approved

equipment, without failures

maintenance 20 years or 20’000 mechanical operations, until reach one of these limits onlysupervision services are necessary, without take the GCB out of service

arc extinction method self blast extinction, assuring performance in the currentsinterruption of high amplitude as well as of small current

type tests performed according to GCB standard IEEE C37.013 and in independentlaboratory – KEMA

out-of-phase type test performed with 180°of phases disagreement


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World

South America

0

19

8

0

0

0 43 10

18

50

148

1928

GCB Type "D":

South AmericaGCB Type "D":

South America

DR 36 sc 1750 San Agaton 2

DR 36 t 0500Planta Centro

Unidad 51


Unidad 4 1


Unidad 1 + 22


Unidad 31

DRT24.125 Macagua 2 4





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GCB SF6 Type

"H":South America

GCB SF6 Type

"H":South America

World

South America

1115

12

6

8

513 3

0

27

103

3203

HECS-100M Pedro Camejo 2

HEK 4 Macagua 2 5

HEK 4 Macagua 2 4

HEK 4 Macagua 2 4


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Replacement Northfield Mountain / USA

Northfield Mountain. - BeforeNorthfield Mountain - After


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Replacement Benmore HPP / New Zealand


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elimination of station transformer and high-voltage bay

Layout without


Layout with


G

GCB

G


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0 0 . 0 5 0 . 1 0 . 1 5 0 . 2

r e s i s t ê n c i a d o a r c oArc resistance

Arc resistance effect in GCB

Ta = Xd”/{2Πƒ(Ra)}

Ta = Xd”/{2Πƒ(Ra + Radd)}


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Interruption of Generator-Fed Fault Currents

Without Generator Circuit-Breaker (Unit Connection)


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Interruption of Generator-Fed Fault Currents

With Generator Circuit-Breaker


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Simplified Operational Procedures

Layout without generatorcircuit-breaker

Unit start-up:1) Run-up unit on station transformer (start-

up supply) and synchronise generator

with high-voltage grid by means of high-voltage circuit-breaker

2) Parallel unit auxiliaries supplies3) Separate unit auxiliaries from station

transformer (start-up supply)

Unit routine shut-down:1) Parallel unit auxiliaries supplies2) Separate unit auxiliaries from unit

transformer3) Trip high-voltage circuit-breaker and shut-

down unit on station transformer

Unit emergency shut-down:1) Trip high-voltage circuit-breaker, unit

auxiliaries are isolated2) Automatic transfer of unit auxiliaries from

unit transformer to station transformer(approx. 4…5 cycles)

3) Shut-down unit on station transformer

Layout with generator circuit-breaker

Unit start-up:1) Run-up unit on unit transformer and

synchronise generator with high-voltage

grid by means of generator circuit-breaker

Unit routine shut-down:1) Trip generator circuit-breaker and shut-

down unit on unit transformer

Unit emergency shut-down:1) Trip generator circuit-breaker and shut-

down unit on unit transformer


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Equipment Failures

Main Transformer Failures

Sequence of events:

t = 0 ms: earth fault atHV-side of transformer

t = 45 ms: 2-phaseshort-circuit

t = 95 ms: 3-phaseshort-circuit

t 150 ms: explosion

of transformer


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Equipment Failures

Short-Time Unbalanced Load Conditions

Sh Ci i Ch i i


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system-source short-circuitasymmetry 74%voltage rate of rise TRV 6 kV/ms

generator-source short-circuit currentsasymmetry 130%voltage rate of rise TRT 2.2 kV/ms

Short Circuit Characteristic

G

G

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Presentation on ABB GCB

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